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Articles 1 - 30 of 86
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Automatic Detection And Prevention Of Fake Key Attacks In Signal, Tarun Kumar Yadav
Automatic Detection And Prevention Of Fake Key Attacks In Signal, Tarun Kumar Yadav
Theses and Dissertations
The Signal protocol provides end-to-end encryption for billions of users in popular instant messaging applications like WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, and Google Allo. The protocol relies on an app-specific central server to distribute public keys and relay encrypted messages between the users. Signal prevents passive attacks. However, it is vulnerable to some active attacks due to its reliance on a trusted key server. A malicious key server can distribute fake keys to users to perform man-in-the-middle or impersonation attacks. Signal applications support an authentication ceremony to detect these active attacks. However, this places an undue burden on the users to manually …
Controller Design For Coordinated Encirclement Of Moving Targets, Puneet Jain
Controller Design For Coordinated Encirclement Of Moving Targets, Puneet Jain
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis presents controllers that use relative range and bearing measurements to steer unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to circular trajectories around stationary, constantly moving and constantly accelerating targets. The range and bearing to the target, along with their derivaties are estimated. These, along with the estimated local heading of the UAVs, are used in the control law, and to estimate the velocity of the target. In this work, six controllers are presented. The controller for a stationary target is derived using Lyapunov's direct method, and feedback linearization is used for the constant velocity and accelerating targets. A new controller is …
Inclusion Of Kinetic Proteomics In Multi-Omics Methods To Analyze Calorie Restriction Effects On Aging, Richard Hajime Carson
Inclusion Of Kinetic Proteomics In Multi-Omics Methods To Analyze Calorie Restriction Effects On Aging, Richard Hajime Carson
Theses and Dissertations
One of the greatest risk factors for disease is advanced age. As the human lifespan has increased, so too have the burdens of caring for an increasingly older population suffering from rising rates of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, diabetes, and dementia. The need for improving medical technology and developing new therapies for age-related diseases is manifest. Yet our understanding of the processes of aging and how to attenuate the effects of aging remains incomplete. Various studies have established calorie restriction as a robust method for extending lifespan in laboratory organisms; however the mechanism is a topic of much debate. Advancing …
Exploring The Relationship Between Vocabulary Scaling And Algorithmic Performance In Text Classification For Large Datasets, Wilson Murray Fearn
Exploring The Relationship Between Vocabulary Scaling And Algorithmic Performance In Text Classification For Large Datasets, Wilson Murray Fearn
Theses and Dissertations
Text analysis is a significant branch of natural language processing, and includes manydifferent sub-fields such as topic modeling, document classification, and sentiment analysis.Unsurprisingly, those who do text analysis are concerned with the runtime of their algorithmsSome of these algorithms have runtimes that depend jointly on the size of the corpus beinganalyzed, as well as the size of that corpus's vocabulary. Trivially, a user may reduce theamount of data they feed into their model to speed it up, but we assume that users will behesitant to do this as more data tends to lead to better model quality. On the other …
Coordinated Persistent Homology And An Application To Seismology, Nickolas Brenten Callor
Coordinated Persistent Homology And An Application To Seismology, Nickolas Brenten Callor
Theses and Dissertations
The theory of persistent homology (PH), introduced by Edelsbrunner, Letscher, and Zomorodian in [1], provides a framework for extracting topological information from experimental data. This framework was then expanded by Carlsson and Zomorodian in [2] to allow for multiple parameters of analysis with the theory of multidimensional persistent homology (MPH). This particular generalization is considerably more difficult to compute and to apply than its predecessor. We introduce an intermediate theory, coordinated persistent homology (CPH), that allows for multiple parameters while still preserving the clarity and coherence of PH. In addition to introducing the basic theory, we provide a polynomial time …
An Equivalence Of Shape And Deck Groups; Further Classification Of Sharkovskii Groups, Tyler Willes Hills
An Equivalence Of Shape And Deck Groups; Further Classification Of Sharkovskii Groups, Tyler Willes Hills
Theses and Dissertations
In part one we show that for a compact, metric, locally path-connected topological space X, the shape group of X - as defined in Foundations of Shape Theory by Mardesic and Segal - is isomorphic to the inverse limit of discrete homotopy groups introduced by Conrad Plaut and Valera Berestovskii. We begin by providing the reader preliminary definitions of the fundamental group of a topological space, inverse systems and inverse limits, the Shape Category, discrete homotopy groups, and culminate by providing an isomorphism of the shape and deck groups for peano continua. In part two we develop work and provide …
Electrical Conductivity Of The Aluminum Oxide Diffusion Barrier Following Catalytic Carbon Nanotube Growth, Berg Daniel Dodson
Electrical Conductivity Of The Aluminum Oxide Diffusion Barrier Following Catalytic Carbon Nanotube Growth, Berg Daniel Dodson
Theses and Dissertations
Carbon nanotube templated microfabrication (CNT-M) is a method that allows high-aspect ratio structures to be made for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices. One concern when making monolithic electrical devices using CNT-M is that the aluminum oxide diffusion barrier will create too large of a resistance in the device. However, in developing CNT based MEMS devices, it has been observed that an electrical DC current is capable of transport from a conductive substrate, across the aluminum oxide, and through to the CNT structure grown on top of it. This thesis attempts to determine the mechanisms responsible for current being able to cross …
Materials Prediction Using High-Throughput And Machine Learning Techniques, Chandramouli Nyshadham
Materials Prediction Using High-Throughput And Machine Learning Techniques, Chandramouli Nyshadham
Theses and Dissertations
Predicting new materials through virtually screening a large number of hypothetical materials using supercomputers has enabled materials discovery at an accelerated pace. However, the innumerable number of possible hypothetical materials necessitates the development of faster computational methods for speedier screening of materials reducing the time of discovery. In this thesis, I aim to understand and apply two computational methods for materials prediction. The first method deals with a computational high-throughput study of superalloys. Superalloys are materials which exhibit high-temperature strength. A combinatorial high-throughput search across 2224 ternary alloy systems revealed 102 potential superalloys of which 37 are brand new, all …
Aspects Of Engaging Problem Contexts From Students' Perspectives, Tamara Kay Stark
Aspects Of Engaging Problem Contexts From Students' Perspectives, Tamara Kay Stark
Theses and Dissertations
Aspects of Engaging Problem Contexts From Students' PerspectivesTamara Kay Gandolph StarkDepartment of Mathematics Education, BYUMaster of ArtsToo many students have negative feelings towards mathematics which is causing them to disengage in their classrooms. This has led to student under-achievement. This study attempts to better understand how teachers can help students to reengage with mathematics by using more engaging contexts to develop mathematical content. The study began with the characteristics realistic, worthwhile, enjoyable or motivating as a framework for posing engaging problem contexts, which were synthesized from the current research literature. As students discussed what made contexts engaging, my understanding of …
Almost Homeomorphisms And Inscrutability, Michael Steven Andersen
Almost Homeomorphisms And Inscrutability, Michael Steven Andersen
Theses and Dissertations
“Homeomorphic'' is the standard equivalence relation in topology. To a topologist, spaces which are homeomorphic to each other aren't merely similar to each other, they are the same space. We study a class of functions which are homeomorphic at “most'' of the points of their domains and codomains, but which may fail to satisfy some of the properties required to be a homeomorphism at a “small'' portion of the points of these spaces. Such functions we call “almost homeomorphisms.'' One of the nice properties of almost homeomorphisms is the preservation of almost open sets, i.e. sets which are “close'' to …
Depositional Analysis Of A Holocene Carbonate Strand Plain Using High Resolution Gpr, Sediment Analysis, And C-14 Dating, Kaleb Robert Markert
Depositional Analysis Of A Holocene Carbonate Strand Plain Using High Resolution Gpr, Sediment Analysis, And C-14 Dating, Kaleb Robert Markert
Theses and Dissertations
Understanding modern carbonate depositional systems gives valuable insights into the interpretation of ancient carbonate systems. Ancient carbonate strand plains have the potential to act as productive hydrocarbon reservoirs because of their relatively high porosity. Unfortunately, they are difficult to identify in the rock record because of the lack of work done on modern analogues. San Salvador Island in the Bahamas hosts a well-exposed and easily accessible Holocene strand plain, ideal as a modern analogue. Sandy Hook, located on the southeast part of the island, consists of approximately 35 ridge-swale features that show signs of four distinct zones of deposition. In …
Recommending Games To Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder(Asd) For Skill Enhancement Using Minecraft, Alisha Banskota
Recommending Games To Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder(Asd) For Skill Enhancement Using Minecraft, Alisha Banskota
Theses and Dissertations
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a long-standing mental condition characterized by hindered mental growth and development. In 2018, 168 out of 10,000 children are said to be affected with Autism in the USA. As these children move to adulthood, they have difficulty in communicating with others, expressing themselves, maintaining eye contact, developing a well-functioning motor skill or sensory sensitivity, and paying attention for longer period. Some of these abnormalities, however, can be gradually improved if they are treated appropriately during their adulthood. Studies have shown that people with ASD can enhance their social-interactive skills by playing video games. During the …
Light-Field Style Transfer, David Marvin Hart
Light-Field Style Transfer, David Marvin Hart
Theses and Dissertations
For many years, light fields have been a unique way of capturing a scene. By using a particular set of optics, a light field camera is able to, in a single moment, take images of the same scene from multiple perspectives. These perspectives can be used to calculate the scene geometry and allow for effects not possible with standard photographs, such as refocus and the creation of novel views.Neural style transfer is the process of training a neural network to render photographs in the style of a particular painting or piece of art. This is a simple process for a …
Hydrological And Paleoclimate Analysis Of A Pinyon-Juniper And Fen-Dominated Watershed On The Windy Ridge Mega-Landslide, Joel Frederick Barker
Hydrological And Paleoclimate Analysis Of A Pinyon-Juniper And Fen-Dominated Watershed On The Windy Ridge Mega-Landslide, Joel Frederick Barker
Theses and Dissertations
Water BudgetThis chapter documents the hydrologic analysis of a watershed within the Windy Ridge mega-landslide of Central Utah to (1) create a water budget and (2) place a quantitative limit on the magnitude of climatic changes documented by Shurtliff et al. (2017) and Hudson et al. (2019). (1) A water budget was calculated over the last four years using instrumentation and weather stations both within and surrounding the watershed, In terms of precipitation input, 85% is released by the evapotranspiration of the Pinyon-Juniper forest, 4% discharges as surface water from the base of the watershed, and 11 % infiltrates the …
Bifunctional Helical Peptide Catalysts For Enzyme-Like Reactivity And Selectivity And Selective Stapling Of Natural Amino Acid Residues With Hydrophilic Squaric Acid Derivatives, Michael James Kinghorn
Bifunctional Helical Peptide Catalysts For Enzyme-Like Reactivity And Selectivity And Selective Stapling Of Natural Amino Acid Residues With Hydrophilic Squaric Acid Derivatives, Michael James Kinghorn
Theses and Dissertations
Peptide secondary structure provides an exceptional scaffold on which to design highly reactive and selective enzyme-like catalysts. This work describes the rational design and synthesis of a suite of helical peptide catalysts that are capable of achieving proximity-induced rate enhancement in Diels-Alder cycloadditions and indole alkylations. Microwave assisted synthesis of resin-supported polypeptides enables incorporation of non-natural amino acid residues that induce helicity (Aib) or provide functional handles on which organic catalytic residues can be attached. These small peptide catalysts exhibit binding-driven selectivity rather than relying on the inherent reactivity of substrates, which allows access to products that are not obtainable …
Exploration Of Sputtered Thin Films—E.G., In Sample Preparation And Material Characterization, Tuhin Roychowdhury
Exploration Of Sputtered Thin Films—E.G., In Sample Preparation And Material Characterization, Tuhin Roychowdhury
Theses and Dissertations
My dissertation focuses on (i) the development sputtered films for solid phase microextraction (SPME) and (ii) the comprehensive characterization of materials using a suite of analytical techniques. Chapter 1 reviews the basics of SPME. This chapter also contains (i) a discussion of various sputtering techniques, (ii) a discussion of two techniques I focused on most of my work: spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Chapter 2 focuses the major part of my work, which is to prepare new solid phases/adsorbents for SPME via silicon sputtering followed by thermal deposition of a polymer, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). PDMS was deposited by …
Making Sense Of The Equal Sign In Middle School Mathematics, Chelsea Lynn Dickson
Making Sense Of The Equal Sign In Middle School Mathematics, Chelsea Lynn Dickson
Theses and Dissertations
One of the main reasons that students struggle as they transition from arithmetic to algebra in the middle grades is that they fail to develop the appropriate understanding of the equal sign. Previous research has suggested that students need to move past an operational understanding and develop a relational understanding of the equal sign in order to work with algebraic equations successfully. Other research has suggested that the way that we interpret and utilize the equal sign is based on three main factors: multiple meanings of the equal sign, equation types, and structural conventions. This study extends both areas of …
Preparation And Detailed X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy And Spectroscopic Ellipsometryanalysis Of Ultrathin Protective Coatings, Brian Ivins Johnson
Preparation And Detailed X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy And Spectroscopic Ellipsometryanalysis Of Ultrathin Protective Coatings, Brian Ivins Johnson
Theses and Dissertations
Ultra-thin films (UTFs) are important in many applications, seen in the semiconductor industry, in chromatography, in sensing, in microfluidics, in aerospace, and in robotics. They also protect materials from corrosion, change surface energies, limit water intrusion into materials, allow material self-cleaning and self-healing, provide scratch resistance, and impart other specific chemical properties. In many cases, UTFs drastically alter surface properties and therefore their applications. It is imperative that proper and consistent characterization be performed on coatings to confirm and understand their desired properties. In Chapter two, Al oxidation under MgF2 protective layers is studied using real time X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy …
Resolving The Privacy Paradox: Bridging The Behavioral Intention Gap With Risk Communication Theory, Justin Chun Wah Wu
Resolving The Privacy Paradox: Bridging The Behavioral Intention Gap With Risk Communication Theory, Justin Chun Wah Wu
Theses and Dissertations
The advent of the Internet has led to vastly increased levels of data accessibility to both users and would-be attackers. The privacy paradox is an established phenomenon wherein users express concern about resultant security and privacy threats to their data, but nevertheless fail to enact the host of protective measures that have steadily become available. The precise nature of this phenomenon, however, is not a settled matter. Fortunately, risk communication theory, a discipline devoted to understanding the factors involved in risk-oriented decision-making and founded in years of empirical research in public health and disaster awareness domains, presents an opportunity to …
Laying A Foundation For Computing In Outdoor Recreation, Zann Benjamin Anderson
Laying A Foundation For Computing In Outdoor Recreation, Zann Benjamin Anderson
Theses and Dissertations
Mobile computing allows individuals to bring computing with them into the outdoors. This creates a new situation in which individuals can stay connected even when trying to "get away from it all." Questions arise from this juxtaposition regarding whether the inclusion of computing in these activities is a positive or a negative. Evidence exists supporting both conclusions. We posit that computing can contribute positively to outdoor recreation without distracting. This dissertation details work undertaken in two phases which explores how computing can accomplish this goal. Phase 1 explored how individuals are already using computing technology in hiking, and culminated with …
Dynamic Coalescence As A Mathematical Model Of Leadership And Empirical Evidence Of The Value Of Strategic Sacrifice, Jacob D. Valentine
Dynamic Coalescence As A Mathematical Model Of Leadership And Empirical Evidence Of The Value Of Strategic Sacrifice, Jacob D. Valentine
Undergraduate Honors Theses
The topic of leadership belongs to a rich literature that is deep in historical documentation and broad by the many disciplines that have attempted to understand it. However, the contributions of quantitative theorists are scarce, which has resulted in theories of leadership that are primarily qualitative and often subjective. This paper begins building a bridge between the existing scholarship and a more quantitative approach to the study of leadership by rigorously defining leadership as a strategy of interpersonal investment and presenting a mathematical model of this leadership theory. This model provides a theoretical foundation to explain team dynamics, to study …
The Application Of Synthetic Signals For Ecg Beat Classification, Elliot Morgan Brown
The Application Of Synthetic Signals For Ecg Beat Classification, Elliot Morgan Brown
Theses and Dissertations
A brief overview of electrocardiogram (ECG) properties and the characteristics of various cardiac conditions is given. Two different models are used to generate synthetic ECG signals. Domain knowledge is used to create synthetic examples of 16 different heart beat types with these models. Other techniques for synthesizing ECG signals are explored. Various machine learning models with different combinations of real and synthetic data are used to classify individual heart beats. The performance of the different methods and models are compared, and synthetic data is shown to be useful in beat classification.
“Don’T Say Gay. We Say Dumb Or Stupid”: Queering Prospectivemathematics Teachers’ Discussions, Amy Saunders Ross
“Don’T Say Gay. We Say Dumb Or Stupid”: Queering Prospectivemathematics Teachers’ Discussions, Amy Saunders Ross
Theses and Dissertations
Many prospective teachers make assumptions about their students before they actually begin teaching. Many of these assumptions can be rooted specifically in students’ races, cultures, classes, religions, genders, and sexual orientations. In order for prospective mathematics teachers to challenge these biases, some mathematics teacher educators have provided tasks to support these prospective teachers in becoming aware of their own biases. I chose to analyze a group of five prospective mathematics teachers discussing topics of teaching for social justice to examine more closely the kinds of biases they carry, and more specifically, how those biases came about in their conversations. My …
Emergent Properties Of The Transport Of Sand, Eric Lenhart
Emergent Properties Of The Transport Of Sand, Eric Lenhart
Undergraduate Honors Theses
In the interest of drawing conclusions about Aeolian environments based on remote imaging, we investigated how air flow forms self-organizing patterns, such as ripples, across loose particulate surfaces. Specifically, we analyzed various models of sand transport, particularly Nishimori’s model, to note the effects of altering various parameters, including wind direction, saltation length, diffusion, and a saltation proportionality constant. As a measure of the frustration of the emergent patterns, Y-junctions were counted at various values of the parameters. A strong correlation with the saltation proportionality constant and no correlation with the saltation height were found. As an additional use of the …
Dynamical Compact Objects In Numerical Relativity, Hyun Lim
Dynamical Compact Objects In Numerical Relativity, Hyun Lim
Theses and Dissertations
The work of this dissertation will study various aspects of the dynamics of compact objects using numerical simulations.We consider BH dynamics within two modified or alternative theories of gravity. Within a family of Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton-Axion theories, we find that the GW waveforms from binary black hole (BBH) mergers differ from the standard GW waveform prediction of GR for especially large axion values. For more astrophysically realistic (i.e. smaller) values, the differences become negligible and undetectable. Weestablish the existence of a well-posed initial value problem for a second alternative theory fo gravity (quadratic gravity) and demonstrate in spherical symmetry that a linear …
Preparation, Functionalization, And/Or Characterization By X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Of Carbon Surfaces For Biosensors And Other Materials, Varun Jain
Theses and Dissertations
My dissertation is primarily divided into two parts. The first deals with the preparation, functionalization, and characterization of carbon surfaces prepared by direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) and high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) as substrates for bioarrays. Part two discusses applications of XPS peak fitting in surface chemical analysis. Chapter 1, the introduction, includes (i) a discussion of the construction of bioarrays and the preparation of sputtered surfaces, e.g., by DCMS and HiPIMS, and also functionalization (bioconjugate) chemistry with special emphasis on the importance of covalent functionalization of surfaces, and (ii) a discussion of the surface characterization techniques and …
Search For Dwarf Emission Line Galaxies In Galaxy Voids, Christian D. Draper
Search For Dwarf Emission Line Galaxies In Galaxy Voids, Christian D. Draper
Theses and Dissertations
The population and formation of dwarf galaxies, Mr > −14, contain clues about the nature of dark matter. The best place to search for these dwarf galaxies without influence from nearby large galaxies is within galaxy voids, where no galaxies have yet been found. To search for this potential dwarf galaxy population we have developed and applied a new photometric technique. We use three redshifted Ha filters, designated Ha8, Ha12, and Ha16, along with the Sloan broadband filters, g', r', and i' to identify emission line galaxies. From the ratio of the object flux through the Ha filters, Ha12-Ha8 and Ha12-Ha16, …
Improvements To Sound Power Measurements For Large, Extended Sources In Semi-Reverberant Rooms Using Generalized Energy Density, Travis Nathan Hoyt
Improvements To Sound Power Measurements For Large, Extended Sources In Semi-Reverberant Rooms Using Generalized Energy Density, Travis Nathan Hoyt
Theses and Dissertations
Sound power measurements of acoustic sources are typically performed in anechoic or reverberation chambers using acoustic pressure according to international standards. The anechoic chamber creates a free-field environment where the sound power is estimated from the squared pressure integrated over some enveloping surface. The reverberation chamber produces diffuse-field conditions, where sound power is proportional to the spatially averaged squared pressure. In semi-reverberant environments, the direct and reverberant energies each contribute to the total measured field. If the kinetic and potential components of acoustic energy density are weighted appropriately, the spatial variation of the field can be significantly reduced compared to …
Computational Studies Of High-Oxidation State Main-Group Metal Hydrocarbon C-H Functionalization, Clinton R. King
Computational Studies Of High-Oxidation State Main-Group Metal Hydrocarbon C-H Functionalization, Clinton R. King
Theses and Dissertations
High-oxidation state main-group metal complexes are potential alternatives to transition metals for electrophilic C-H functionalization reactions. However, there is little known about how selection of the p-block, main-group metal and ligand impact C-H activation and functionalization thermodynamics and reactivity. Chapter 2 reports density functional theory (DFT) calculations used to determine qualitative and quantitative features of C-H activation and metal-methyl functionalization energy landscapes for reaction between high-oxidation state d10s0 InIII, TlIII, SnIV, and PbIV carboxylate complexes with methane. While the main-group metal influences the C-H activation barrier height in a periodic manner, the carboxylate ligand has a much larger quantitative impact …
Cybersecurity Education In Utah High Schools: An Analysis And Strategy For Teacher Adoption, Cariana June Cornel
Cybersecurity Education In Utah High Schools: An Analysis And Strategy For Teacher Adoption, Cariana June Cornel
Theses and Dissertations
The IT Education Specialist for the USBE, Brandon Jacobson, stated:I feel there is a deficiency of and therefore a need to teach Cybersecurity.Cybersecurity is the “activity or process, ability or capability, or state whereby information and communications systems and the information contained therein are protected from and/or defended against damage, unauthorized use or modification, or exploitation” (NICE, 2018). Practicing cybersecurity can increase awareness of cybersecurity issues, such as theft of sensitive information. Current efforts, including but not limited to, cybersecurity camps, competitions, college courses, and conferences, have been created to better prepare cyber citizens nationwide for such cybersecurity occurrences. In …