Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Data Visualization, Licensing, And Other Generative Ai Initiatives At Minnesota State University Mankato, Evan Rusch, Nat Gustafson-Sundell

Library Services Publications

At Minnesota State University Mankato (MNSU), we’ve undertaken several experiments and initiatives focused on Generative Artificial Intelligence. At the start of the fall semester, we collaborated with university Information Technology Services to present a professional development session for returning faculty through the MNSU Center for Excellence in Teaching & Learning on “5 Tips for Teaching with AI.” We also presented to librarians across the regional consortium, Minitex, on “The Library & Generative AI.” This presentation included several demonstrations. It was offered as an introduction to Generative AI focused on topics most relevant to librarians, including information literacy, as well as …

Building Effective Large Language Model Agents, Sydney Holder, Shreyash Taywade

SMU Data Science Review

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has significantly expanded the influence of artificial intelligence across various sectors. This paper explores building LLM agents to power applications and examines what is necessary to build an efficient and helpful AI assistant. The research investigates the core components necessary to create specialized agents, facilitate collaboration in problem-solving, and improve human task performance. The development and application of tools designed to augment the capabilities of LLM agents are also explored. The paper addresses the potential risks of the unknowns, such as hallucinations, which can compromise the success of agent-based solutions within LLM applications. …

Companionship, Romance, And Self-Perception With Conversational Chatbots, Jonathan Windsor

Student Research Submissions

Serving as a metaphorical gateway transcending the communicative barriers of physical relationships in interpersonal dialogues, artificial imators of human behavior and speech, also known as conversational chatbots; a simulation of human knowledge and existence in a bi-directional conversation, functions as a rhetor of expression. Spanning from contexts of professional to romantic, I serve to dissect and critically analyze the nuances of human-machine relationships based on pre-established literature, inviting ethical considerations and biases in their design and marketing. Corporate influences spark pre-established servitude-esque relationships with conversational agents. Professional applications, both task-oriented and emotionally based alike, paint a mixed picture of …

Can Ai Become An Information Literacy Ally? A Survey Of Library Instructor Perspectives On Chatgpt, Melissa S. Del Castillo, Hope Y. Kelly

Works of the FIU Libraries

Libraries can play a role in navigating the AI era by integrating these tools into information literacy (IL) programs. To implement generative AI tools like ChatGPT effectively, it is important to understand the attitudes of library professionals involved in IL instruction toward this tool and their intention to use it for instruction. This study explored perceptions of ChatGPT using survey data that included acceptance factors and potential uses derived from the emerging literature. While some librarians saw potential, others found it too unreliable to be useful; yet the vast majority imagined utilizing the tool in the future.

Super Mario Evolution By The Augmentation Of Topology, Russell A. Autin

University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

This paper describes the creation and development of an implementation of the NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT) architecture to train an agent to play Super Mario Brothers. Building off of a basic implementation of NEAT, this thesis project shows the process of refining the fitness calculation that ranks the networks in the population and also defines the creation and application of a dataset to train the agent. The use of a dataset to train an agent is a novel idea in the world of reinforcement learning because, generally, reinforcement learning trains an agent to complete a singular task like the …

Evaluating Introductory Computer Science Labs In The Presence Of Ai Tools, Nicholas Snow, Devin Chaimberlain, Abigail Pitcairn, Benjamin Sweeney

Thinking Matters Symposium

This study explores the resistance of introductory computer science lab assignments to “shortcutting” by generative AI tools, such as ChatGPT. By analyzing the work of three distinct student personas on these assignments, we identified key characteristics of language and structure that influence an assignment's vulnerability to AI abuse. Based on these insights, we propose strategies for educators to adapt labs to both counteract AI shortcutting and encourage productive uses of AI.

Using Ai Chatbots As Ideation Machines, Brett Hawley, Naomi Hollans

Student Works

The team analyzed 3 popular chatbots and found that none of them could consistently produce idea-centered essay help responses. The team approached them with 3 separate prompts, one from each of three academic subjects. The team analyzed how each chatbot adapted to the addition of personal information from the “student” and to the phrase, “what are some ideas that could help me get started?” The goal with each interaction was to receive a response in which the chatbot did not produce any pre-written content. Overall, the team’s research did not suggest that AI is fully reliable as an ideation tool.

Artificial Intelligence Could Probably Write This Essay Better Than Me, Claire Martino

Augustana Center for the Study of Ethics Essay Contest

No abstract provided.

The Ownership Of Potato Boy: A Discussion On Ai And Copyright, James Thibeault

Library Publications

Surprisingly, the copyright status of generative AI works is pretty straight forward in the US: no one owns the copyright. According to the United States Copyright Office (2023), “copyright can protect only material that is the product of human creativity. Most fundamentally, the term ‘author,’ which is used in both the Constitution and the Copyright Act, excludes non-humans.” This concept is not new as previous court cases had already established this ruling. In the 1884 court case Burrow-Giles Lithographic Company v. Sarony, the defendant made copies of a photograph and claimed the author held no copyright since a machine, a …

Machine Learning As A Tool For Early Detection: A Focus On Late-Stage Colorectal Cancer Across Socioeconomic Spectrums, Hadiza Galadima, Rexford Anson-Dwamena, Ashley Johnson, Ghalib Bello, Georges Adunlin, James Blando

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of various machine learning (ML) algorithms in predicting late-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnoses against the backdrop of socio-economic and regional healthcare disparities. Methods: An innovative theoretical framework was developed to integrate individual- and census tract-level social determinants of health (SDOH) with sociodemographic factors. A comparative analysis of the ML models was conducted using key performance metrics such as AUC-ROC to evaluate their predictive accuracy. Spatio-temporal analysis was used to identify disparities in late-stage CRC diagnosis probabilities. Results: Gradient boosting emerged as the superior model, with the top predictors for late-stage CRC diagnosis being anatomic site, …

The Educational Affordances And Challenges Of Chatgpt: State Of The Field, Helen Crompton, Diane Burke

STEMPS Faculty Publications

ChatGPT was released to the public in November 30, 2022. This study examines how ChatGPT can be used by educators and students to promote learning and what are the challenges and limitations. This study is unique in providing one of the first systematic reviews using peer review studies to provide an early examination of the field. Using PRISMA principles, 44 articles were selected for review. Grounded coding was then used to reveal trends in the data. The findings show that educators can use ChatGPT for teaching support, task automation, and professional development. These were further delineated further by axial sub …

Locating Liability For Medical Ai, W. Nicholson Price Ii, I. Glenn Cohen

Articles

When medical AI systems fail, who should be responsible, and how? We argue that various features of medical AI complicate the application of existing tort doctrines and render them ineffective at creating incentives for the safe and effective use of medical AI. In addition to complexity and opacity, the problem of contextual bias, where medical AI systems vary substantially in performance from place to place, hampers traditional doctrines. We suggest instead the application of enterprise liability to hospitals—making them broadly liable for negligent injuries occurring within the hospital system—with an important caveat: hospitals must have access to the information needed …

Outsourcing Voting To Ai: Can Chatgpt Advise Index Funds On Proxy Voting Decisions?, Chen Wang

Fordham Journal of Corporate & Financial Law

Released in November 2022, Chat Generative Pre-training Transformer (“ChatGPT”), has risen rapidly to prominence, and its versatile capabilities have already been shown in a variety of fields. Due to ChatGPT’s advanced features, such as extensive pre-training on diverse data, strong generalization ability, fine-tuning capabilities, and improved reasoning, the use of AI in the legal industry could experience a significant transformation. Since small passive funds with low-cost business models generally lack the financial resources to make informed proxy voting decisions that align with their shareholders’ interests, this Article considers the use of ChatGPT to assist small investment funds, particularly small passive …

Demystifying Artificial Intelligence (Ai) For Early Childhood And Elementary Education: A Case Study Of Perceptions Of Ai Of State Of Missouri Educators, Kathryn Arnone, James Hutson, Karen Woodruff

Faculty Scholarship

Artificial intelligence (AI) and its impact on society have received a great deal of attention in the past five years since the first Stanford AI100 report. AI already globally impacts individuals in critical and personal ways, and many industries will continue to experience disruptions as the full algorithmic effects are understood. However, with regard to education, adopting in disciplines remains limited largely to Computer Science and Information Technology in postsecondary education. Recent advances with technology are especially promising for their potential to create and scale personalized learning for students, to optimize strategies for learning outcomes, and to increase access to …

Ai Assisted Workflows For Computational Electromagnetics And Antenna Design, Oameed Noakoasteen

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

These days large volumes of data can be recorded and manipulated with relative ease. If valuable information can be extracted from them, these vast amounts of data can be a rich resource not just for the digital economy but also for scientific discovery and development of technology. When it comes to deriving valuable information from data, Machine Learning (ML) emerges as the key solution. To unlock the potential benefits of ML to science and technology, extensive research is needed to explore what algorithms are suitable and how they can be applied.

To shine light on various ways that ML can …

Novus Ex Machina: Realise Your Organisation’S Creative Potential With Ai, Adam Tatarynowicz, Utz Claassen

Asian Management Insights

Innovation managers must learn how to harness AI’s transformative potential.

Ai As A License Review Assistant, Nat Gustafson-Sundell

Library Services Publications

I will present the steps we have taken to develop a prototype AI assistant for license review. I’ll explain our criteria for the selection of an AI tool for this project. We reviewed ChatGPT, Claude 2, Bard, and PDF readers. My goal was to develop an initial prototype in a Jupyter Notebook environment so I could easily re-load context information, including a license checklist, but I’ll explain why I revised this goal, instead to linger over license review interactions with ChatBots. I’ll discuss early results, demonstrate example license review interactions, and outline my next steps.

Integrating Human Expert Knowledge With Openai And Chatgpt: A Secure And Privacy-Enabled Knowledge Acquisition Approach, Ben Phillips

College of Engineering Summer Undergraduate Research Program

Advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to produce accurate results and preserve user privacy for use cases involving domain-specific knowledge. A privacy-preserving approach for leveraging LLM capabilities on domain-specific knowledge could greatly expand the use cases of LLMs in a variety of disciplines and industries. This project explores a method for acquiring domain-specific knowledge for use with GPT3 while protecting sensitive user information with ML-based text-sanitization.

Ai For Search And Rescue - Locating A Missing Person, David Hernandez, Sai Rama Balakrishnan, Timmy Chin, Aditya Manikonda, Vasanth Pugalenthi

College of Engineering Summer Undergraduate Research Program

Building on the work done initially as a SURP 2021 project and continued through 2021-23, the focus for this summer project will be on the use of computer technology for locating a missing person. Over the last year, we developed the digital equivalents of about 30 paper-based S&R forms and the infrastructure to collect the respective information. In their current use, these paper forms are filled out by search teams, collected in a command post, and reviewed by search coordinators. This process is time-consuming, prone to errors and loss of information, and relies heavily on the experience, skills, and mental …

Ai-Supported Academic Advising: Exploring Chatgpt’S Current State And Future Potential Toward Student Empowerment, Daisuke Akiba, Michelle C. Fraboni

Publications and Research

Artificial intelligence (AI), once a phenomenon primarily in the world of science fiction, has evolved rapidly in recent years, steadily infiltrating into our daily lives. ChatGPT, a freely accessible AI-powered large language model designed to generate human-like text responses to users, has been utilized in several areas, such as the healthcare industry, to facilitate interactive dissemination of information and decision-making. Academic advising has been essential in promoting success among university students, particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds. Unfortunately, however, student advising has been marred with problems, with the availability and accessibility of adequate advising being among the hurdles. The current study …

The Library & Generative Ai, Nat Gustafson-Sundell, Mark Mccullough

Library Services Publications

A demonstration of several AI tools, including ChatGPT, ChatPDF, Consensus, and more. The focus of the session is on potential student uses of the tools and related library initiatives, so we address the limits of ChatGPT as an information source. Librarians can help students learn how to use these tools responsibly and provide leadership on campus as AI is integrated into assignments.

Proposing A Measure Of Ethicality For Humans And Ai, Alejandro Jorge Napolitano Jawerbaum

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Smarter people or intelligent machines are able to make more accurate inferences about their environment and other agents more efficiently than less intelligent agents. Formally: ‘Intelligence measures an agent’s ability to achieve goals in a wide range of environments.’ (Legg, 2008)

In this dissertation we extend this definition to include ethical behaviour and we will offer a mathematical formalism and a way to estimate how ethical an action is or will be, both for a human and for a computer, by calculating the expected values of random variables. Formally, we propose the following measure of ethicality, which is computable, or …

Face Readers: The Frontier Of Computer Vision And Math Learning, Beverly Woolf, Margrit Betke, Hao Yu, Sarah Adel Bargal, Ivan Arroyo, John J. Magee Iv, Danielle Allessio, William Rebelsky

Computer Science

The future of AI-assisted individualized learning includes computer vision to inform intelligent tutors and teachers about student affect, motivation and performance. Facial expression recognition is essential in recognizing subtle differences when students ask for hints or fail to solve problems. Facial features and classification labels enable intelligent tutors to predict students’ performance and recommend activities. Videos can capture students’ faces and model their effort and progress; machine learning classifiers can support intelligent tutors to provide interventions. One goal of this research is to support deep dives by teachers to identify students’ individual needs through facial expression and to provide immediate …

Aisha: A Custom Ai Library Chatbot Using The Chatgpt Api, Yrjo Lappalainen, Nikesh Narayanan

All Works

This article focuses on the development of a custom chatbot for Zayed University Library (United Arab Emirates) using Python and the ChatGPT API. The chatbot, named Aisha, was designed to provide quick and efficient reference and support services to students and faculty outside the library's regular operating hours. The article also discusses the benefits of chatbots in academic libraries, and reviews the early literature on ChatGPT's applicability in this field. The article describes the development process, perceived capabilities and limitations of the bot, and plans for further development. This project represents the first fully reported attempt to explore the potential …

Ai Art: Artists’ Best Friend Or Mortal Enemy?, Ethan Gabrys

Tredway Library Prize for First-Year Research

This paper analyzes the impacts and implications of generative AI software on art and examines the ethics of using such tools. Through the argument that careless use of these tools presents a danger to the art world as they risk devaluing human expression, Gabrys states that “as what it means to be human changes with each generation, new artists express sentiment through their art. Art has the ability to tell us about the human experience.” He concludes that the use of AI tools takes the skill and sentiment of human artists out of the equation, begging the question: if the …

Learning The Game: Implementations Of Convolutional Networks In Automated Strategy Identification, Cameron Klig

Master's Theses

Games can be used to represent a wide variety of real world problems, giving rise to many applications of game theory. Various computational methods have been proposed for identifying game strategies, including optimized tree search algorithms, game-specific heuristics, and artificial intelligence. In the last decade, systems like AlphaGo and AlphaZero have significantly exceeded the performance of the best human players in Chess, Go, and other games. The most effective game engines to date employ convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to evaluate game boards, extract features, and predict the optimal next move. These engines are trained on billions of simulated games, wherein …

Tracing The Twenty-Year Evolution Of Developing Ai For Eye Screening In Singapore: A Master Chronology Of Sidrp, Selena+ And Eyris, Steven M. Miller

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This working paper is entirely comprised of a timeline table that begins in 2002 and runs through mid-2023. Across these two decades, this timeline traces the evolutionary development of the following:

• The early Singapore R&D efforts to apply software-based image analysis algorithms and methods to analyse eye retina images for diabetic retinopathy and other eye diseases. This was based on a collaboration between the Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI) and its parent organization, the Singapore National Eye Centre (SNEC), with faculty from the School of Computing at National University of Singapore.
• The establishment and operation of the Singapore Integrated Diabetic …

Personalized Health Care In A Data-Driven Era: A Post–Covid-19 Retrospective, Arnob Zahid, Ravishankar Sharma

All Works

No abstract provided.

When Ai Moves Downstream, Frances S. Grodzinsky, Keith W. Miller, Marty J. Wolf

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

After computing professionals design, develop, and deploy software, what is their responsibility for subsequent uses of that software “downstream” by others? Furthermore, does it matter ethically if the software in question is considered to be artificial intelligent (AI)? The authors have previously developed a model to explore downstream accountability, called the Software Responsibility Attribution System (SRAS). In this paper, we explore three recent publications relevant to downstream accountability, and focus particularly on examples of AI software. Based on our understanding of the three papers, we suggest refinements of SRAS.

Pixel-Wise Machine Learning And Deep Learning Methods Implementation On Multi-Class Wildfire Mapping, Mingda Wu

Honors Capstones

Wildfires are destructive natural hazards. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been a trendy topic in recent years due to its powerful applicability. This study focuses on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in hazard management, specifically in the field of wildfire mapping. Machine learning and Deep learning are two subsets of AI. This study applied pixel-wise machine learning and deep learning methods to do multi-class mapping on two wildfire events in California, USA. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the usefulness and advantages of using AI in the field of hazard management. The machine learning methods selected are Random …