Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Exposing And Fixing Causes Of Inconsistency And Nondeterminism In Clustering Implementations, Xin Yin

Dissertations

Cluster analysis aka Clustering is used in myriad applications, including high-stakes domains, by millions of users. Clustering users should be able to assume that clustering implementations are correct, reliable, and for a given algorithm, interchangeable. Based on observations in a wide-range of real-world clustering implementations, this dissertation challenges the aforementioned assumptions.

This dissertation introduces an approach named SmokeOut that uses differential clustering to show that clustering implementations suffer from nondeterminism and inconsistency: on a given input dataset and using a given clustering algorithm, clustering outcomes and accuracy vary widely between (1) successive runs of the same toolkit, i.e., nondeterminism, and …

Model Checks For Two-Sample Location-Scale, Atefeh Javidialsaadi

Dissertations

Two-sample location-scale refers to a model that permits a pair of standardized random variables to have a common distribution. This means that if X₁ and X₂ are two random variables with means µ₁ and µ₂ and standard deviations ?₁ and ?₂, then (X₁ - µ₁)/?₁ and (X₂ - µ₂)/?₂ have some common unspecified standard or base distribution F₀. Function-based hypothesis testing for these models refers to formal tests that would help determine whether or not two samples may have come from some location-scale …

On Performance Optimization And Prediction Of Parallel Computing Frameworks In Big Data Systems, Haifa Alquwaiee

Dissertations

A wide spectrum of big data applications in science, engineering, and industry generate large datasets, which must be managed and processed in a timely and reliable manner for knowledge discovery. These tasks are now commonly executed in big data computing systems exemplified by Hadoop based on parallel processing and distributed storage and management. For example, many companies and research institutions have developed and deployed big data systems on top of NoSQL databases such as HBase and MongoDB, and parallel computing frameworks such as MapReduce and Spark, to ensure timely data analyses and efficient result delivery for decision making and business …

Coherent Control Of Dispersive Waves, Jimmie Adriazola

Dissertations

This dissertation addresses some of the various issues which can arise when posing and solving optimization problems constrained by dispersive physics. Considered here are four technologically relevant experiments, each having their own unique challenges and physical settings including ultra-cold quantum fluids trapped by an external field, paraxial light propagation through a gradient index of refraction, light propagation in periodic photonic crystals, and surface gravity water waves over shallow and variable seabeds. In each of these settings, the physics can be modeled by dispersive wave equations, and the technological objective is to design the external trapping fields or propagation media such …

Private And Federated Deep Learning: System, Theory, And Applications For Social Good, Han Hu

Dissertations

During the past decade, drug abuse continues to accelerate towards becoming the most severe public health problem in the United States. The ability to detect drug­abuse risk behavior at a population scale, such as among the population of Twitter users, can help to monitor the trend of drug­abuse incidents. However, traditional methods do not effectively detect drug­abuse risk behavior in tweets, mainly due to the sparsity of such tweets and the noisy nature of tweets. In the first part of this dissertation work, the task of classifying tweets as containing drug­abuse risk behavior or not, is studied. Millions of public …

Hydrophobically Modified Isosorbide Dimethacrylates As Biomaterials For Bisphenol A Free Dental Fillings, Bilal Marie

Dissertations

Amalgam and Bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (BisGMA) are the main dental filling materials in use today. Because of the negative perception of amalgam and its lower esthetic appeal, as well as the desire to replace the endocrine disruptor Bisphenol A, which is the building block of BisGMA, there has been a critical need to search for safer alternatives to these dental filling materials.

Isosorbide is a sugar-based molecule generally recognized as safe. It has been extensively studied as a replacement to the Bisphenol A core in various materials. However, isosorbide is extremely hygroscopic, and water uptake in dental fillings causes …

Experimental And Computational Studies Of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes For Use In Energy Storage Devices And Membranes, Emine S. Karaman

Dissertations

Electrolytes with good interfacial stability are a crucial component of any electrochemical device. The development of novel gel polymer electrolytes (GEs) with good interface stability and better manufacturability is important for the development of the next generation electrochemical devices. Gel electrolytes are hybrid electrolyte materials, combining benefits of both liquid and solid systems. Compared with liquid and solid electrolytes, GEs open new design opportunities and do not require rigorous encapsulation methods. In this dissertation, studies on functionalized carbon nanotubes (fCNTs) and graphene oxide (GO) doped polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based gel electrolytes (GEs) are reported. The ionic conductivity and mechanical strength …

A Practical Approach To Automated Software Correctness Enhancement, Aleksandr Zakharchenko

Dissertations

To repair an incorrect program does not mean to make it correct; it only means to make it more-correct, in some sense, than it is. In the absence of a concept of relative correctness, i.e. the property of a program to be more-correct than another with respect to a specification, the discipline of program repair has resorted to various approximations of absolute (traditional) correctness, with varying degrees of success. This shortcoming is concealed by the fact that most program repair tools are tested on basic cases, whence making them absolutely correct is not clearly distinguishable from making them relatively more-correct. …

Characterization Of The Ch Addition Product From Meta- And Ortho-Xylene + Ch Reaction And Direct Experimental Observation Of The Tetrabromine Cluster Br4 Using Synchrotron Photoionization Mass Spectrometry, Rory R. Mcclish

Master's Theses

This thesis is centered on the use of a unique gas-phase spectroscopy technique to characterize products and elucidate reaction mechanisms. Experiments were carried out at the Chemical Dynamics Beamline 9.0.2 of the Advanced Light Source located at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, CA. Computational work was performed on the scientific supercomputer at USF to supplement experimental findings. Chapter 1 contextualizes the work spurred in response to the deleterious interactions of anthropogenic emissions on Earth’s climate. Chapter 2 describes the theoretical manipulations foundational to the experimental design and interpretation. Chapter 3 delves into the physical details of the experimental …

Usf Jamovi Tutorial Project: Open Education Resource, Aline Hitti, Saera Khan

USF OER Faculty Grant

Jamovi is an open source free software that USF staff, faculty and student can download to carry out any statistical analyses. The current report summarizes the progress made on an Open Education Resource Grant funded project, which aimed to created Jamovi tutorials. In this report, student feedback and faculty reaction are summarized after one semester of using the tutorials created.

Parameter Estimation And Inference Of Spatial Autoregressive Model By Stochastic Gradient Descent, Gan Luan

Dissertations

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a popular iterative method for model parameter estimation in large-scale data and online learning settings since it goes through the data in only one pass. While SGD has been well studied for independent data, its application to spatially-correlated data largely remains unexplored. This dissertation develops SGD-based parameter estimation and statistical inference algorithms for the spatial autoregressive (SAR) model, a common model for spatial lattice data.

This research contains three parts. (I) The first part concerns SGD estimation and inference for the SAR mean regression model. A new SGD algorithm based on maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) …

Machine Learning And Computer Vision In Solar Physics, Haodi Jiang

Dissertations

In the recent decades, the difficult task of understanding and predicting violent solar eruptions and their terrestrial impacts has become a strategic national priority, as it affects the life of human beings, including communication, transportation, the power grid, national defense, space travel, and more. This dissertation explores new machine learning and computer vision techniques to tackle this difficult task. Specifically, the dissertation addresses four interrelated problems in solar physics: magnetic flux tracking, fibril tracing, Stokes inversion and vector magnetogram generation.

First, the dissertation presents a new deep learning method, named SolarUnet, to identify and track solar magnetic flux elements in …

A Numerical Solution Of Water Flow In Unsaturated Soil With Evapotraspiration, Andrei Ludu, Harihar Khanal, Ramesh Chandra Timsina, Kedar Nath Uprety

Publications

Flow movement in unsaturated soil can be expressed by Richards equation. This equation can be obtained by applying the mass conversation law and the Darcy law. In this work, we solve one-dimensional Kirchhoff transformed Richards equation with loss of water due to the evaporation of unsaturated porous media (soils) and transpiration of plants numerically using Crank-Nicolson method. The result has compared with evapotranspiration function and without it in the governing equation. It has found that an additional work in time and flow movement is needs to reach the given boundary condition for the model without evapotranspiration.

A Comparison Of K-Means And Agglomerative Clustering For Users Segmentation Based On Question Answerer Reputation In Brainly Platform, Puji Winar Cahyo, Landung Sudarmana

Elinvo (Electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education)

Brainly is a question and answer (Q&A) site that students can use as a media for questions and answers. Students can also use Brainly to find and share educational information that helps students solve their homework problems. In Brainly, users can answer questions according to their interests. However, it could be that the interest is not necessarily following the competencies possessed. It causes many answers to the questions given not to have a high rating because the answers given are of low quality to be prioritized as the main answer. This study aims to apply the K-Means and Agglomerative Clustering …

Electric-Field-Driven Processes In Multiphase Fluid Systems, Qian Lei

Dissertations

Advantages of using electric fields in miniaturized apparatuses for a wide range of applications are revealed by numerous experimental and theoretical studies over the last several decades as it offers a simple and efficient method for manipulation of multiphase fluid systems. This approach is considered to be especially beneficial for control of boiling processes and colloidal suspensions considered in the presented work.

Boiling. Today's trends for enhancing boiling heat transfer in terrestrial and space applications focus on removal of bubbles to prevent formation of a vapor layer over the surface at a high overheat. In contrast, this dissertation presents a …

Dependent Censoring In Survival Analysis, Zhongcheng Lin

Dissertations

This dissertation mainly consists of two parts. In the first part, some properties of bivariate Archimedean Copulas formed by two time-to-event random variables are discussed under the setting of left censoring, where these two variables are subject to one left-censored independent variable respectively. Some distributional results for their joint cdf under different censoring patterns are presented. Those results are expected to be useful in both model fitting and checking procedures for Archimedean copula models with bivariate left-censored data. As an application of the theoretical results that are obtained, a moment estimator of the dependence parameter in Archimedean copula models is …

User Experience Design Practices In Industry (Case Study From Indonesian Information Technology Companies), Isnan Nugraha, Agung Fatwanto

Elinvo (Electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education)

User Experience (UX) is a term that has received a lot of attention in the last decade. The number of industries whose consider the importance of implementing the UX design process within their development cycle has increased. Therefore, we think it is important to investigate how UX design processes are implemented in the industries. In this research, we take a qualitative approach with descriptive methods by investigating six information technology companies in Indonesia. As a result, we found that most of these information technology companies implement the UX design process as part of their operation and consider that the UX …

Energy Planning Model Design For Forecasting The Final Energy Consumption Using Artificial Neural Networks, Haidy Eissa

Theses and Dissertations

“Energy Trilemma” has recently received an increasing concern among policy makers. The trilemma conceptual framework is based on three main dimensions: environmental sustainability, energy equity, and energy security. Energy security reflects a nation’s capability to meet current and future energy demand. Rational energy planning is thus a fundamental aspect to articulate energy policies. The energy system is huge and complex, accordingly in order to guarantee the availability of energy supply, it is necessary to implement strategies on the consumption side. Energy modeling is a tool that helps policy makers and researchers understand the fluctuations in the energy system. Over the …

Drought-Prone Areas Mapping Using Fuzzy C-Means Method In Gunungkidul District, Kismiantini Kismiantini, Fajra Husniyah, Osval Antonio Montesinos-López

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Gunungkidul district is one of the districts in the Special Region of Yogyakarta that is frequently affected by drought disasters. The purpose of this study is to map drought-prone areas in Gunungkidul district using the fuzzy c-means method, making it easier for the government to allocate water-dropping assistance to drought-affected areas. The research variables include rainfall, soil type, infiltration, slope, and land use. The type of variables is an ordinal scale, so they must be transformed using the successive interval method before being analyzed using the fuzzy c-means method. The cluster validity indexes of the Xie and Beni index, partition …

Long Term Predictive Modeling On Big Spatio-Temporal Data, Yong Zhuang

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

In the era of massive data, one of the most promising research fields involves the analysis of large-scale Spatio-temporal databases to discover exciting and previously unknown but potentially useful patterns from data collected over time and space. A modeling process in this domain must take temporal and spatial correlations into account, but with the dimensionality of the time and space measurements increasing, the number of elements potentially contributing to a target sharply grows, making the target's long-term behavior highly complex, chaotic, highly dynamic, and hard to predict. Therefore, two different considerations are taken into account in this work: one is …

Mathematical Model Of Cholera Spread Based On Sir: Optimal Control, Noer Hidayati, Eminugroho Ratna Sari, Nur Hadi Waryanto

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

The bacterium Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera. Cholera is spread through the feces of an infected individual in a population. From a mathematical point of view, this problem can be brought into a mathematical model in the form of Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR), which considers the birth rate. Because outbreaks that occur easily spread if not treated immediately, it is necessary to control the susceptible individual population by vaccination. The vaccine used is Oral Vibrio cholera. For this reason, the purposes of this study were to establish a model for the spread of cholera without vaccination, analyze the stability of …

Penggunaan Goal Programming Dalam Perencanaan Menu Untuk Lansia Penderita Hipertensi, Diana Islamiyati, Dwi Lestari, Nur Insani

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun suatu model goal programming untuk mengoptimalkan perencanaan menu harian lansia penderita hipertensi. Fungsi tujuan model ini yaitu untuk memaksimumkan kandungan gizi makanan lansia sesuai Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG), meminimumkan biaya pangan, memaksimumkan kuantitas pangan, dan meminimumkan konsumsi pangan yang mengandung natrium. Berdasarkan eksperimen komputasi yang dilakukan dengan menerapkan model weighted goal programming ini, dihasilkan solusi optimal kebutuhan gizi lansia penderita hipertensi yang sesuai dengan AKG. Adapun perencanaan optimal menu makanan untuk lima hari yaitu terdiri dari 12 jenis pangan dengan pengeluaran biaya sebesar Rp 11.236,- untuk hari pertama, 13 jenis pangan dengan pengeluaran biaya …

Design And Development Of Alumni Career Information System Using Php Mysql, Mustofa Abi Hamid, Didik Aribowo, Rini Anggraini

Elinvo (Electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education)

Alumni data collection at the Electrical Engineering Vocational Education Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa was still performed manually and there were no career information media about soft skills training and development, tracer studies, and job vacancies information. Therefore, media is needed to accommodate career information and alumni data collection quickly and effectively. The web-based information system using PHP MySQL was developed and tested for feasibility as an information medium for soft skills training and development, tracer studies, job vacancies information, as well as career counseling and consulting. This study used a Modify R&D as a development method and the waterfall method …

Implementation Of Switching Algorithm For Svpwm Inverter In Induction Motor Drive System On Electric Vehicle Applications, Bayu Praharsena, Mohammad Jauhari, Era Purwanto, Mentari Putri Jati, Angga Wahyu Aditya, Aries Alfian Prasetyo

Elinvo (Electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education)

Electric cars are the way to reduce global warming and fuel shortages. Performance variable speed drive is needed for various drive electric vehicle applications. Unfortunately, high performance is still being investigated with a variety of drive systems. This paper presents a design, analysis, and implementation of the SV-PWM inverter motor drive system. The SV-PWM algorithm in design using Matlab, to analyze the system include signal response, THD-V, THD-I. All algorithms are embedded in STM32F4, as the main controller. The hardware uses a 3-phase motor control Steval power module. Response speed and output signal inverters are shown in chart form for …

Long Term Observation Of The Grassland Vegetation Used Intensively Or Extensively And Ecologically, H.-D. Matthes, J. Matthes, W. Jentsch, V. Pastushenko

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The aim of the present paper was to study alterations of the grassland flora from 55 plots following a more extensive management under long term observation within 6 years. Extensification of grassland use leads to an increase of the numbers of plant species by 32%, “Red-list-species” included. The moisture number of the soils slightly increased and the reaction and nitrogen numbers decreased. Results are presented for different vegetation units.

Influence Of Extensive Management On Botanical Composition Of Permanent Meadow Sward, K. Mlynarczyk, E. Korona, E. Marks

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The aim of undertaken investigations was to find the possibilities of grassland management with special respect to the biodiversity and the landscape conservation. Changes in botanical composition of the meadow sward against a background of different mowing utilization were examined on the semi-natural meadows situated on the peat-mursh soil in Masurian Landscape Park (north-east Poland). The areas mown with biennial pause and completely turned off from uses followed gradual simplifying of species composition and increasing of bog species participation. Results show on advisability of passing one harvest each year or with one-year pauses.

Vegetation Changes In Sown Grassland In The Uk After Nine Years Of Extensive Grazing Management, C. A. Marriott, G. T. Barthram

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The effect of extensive grazing management with sheep on vegetation change in sown pastures (initially containing Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens) in the uplands of Scotland was investigated from 1990-1999. One treatment was representative of current more intensive management systems; it was fertilized, and maintained at a sward surface height of 4 cm. Two treatments were unfertilized and were maintained at sward surface heights of 4 cm or 8 cm; the ewe numbers carried on these treatments averaged 74% and 44%, respectively, of those on the fertilized treatment. In all treatments the sheep were Scottish Blackface ewes. Their single …

The Influence Of Rising Atmospheric Co2 On Grassland Ecosystems, J. A. Morgan, P. C. D. Newton, J. Nösberger, C. E. Owensby

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Increasing atmospheric CO₂ concentrations and climatic change will have significant effects on the ecology of grasslands. This paper evaluates results from four CO₂ enrichment studies in contrasting grasslands. A Swiss study investigates the effects of elevated CO₂ (600 μL L^-1 CO₂) on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L), a New Zealand study examines how elevated CO₂ (475 μL L^-1 CO₂) affects a botanically diverse pasture, and studies in the Kansas tallgrass prairie and the Colorado shortgrass steppe investigate the effects of an approximate …

A Novel Arabic Corpus For Text Classification Using Deep Learning And Word Embedding, Roua A. Abou Khachfeh, Islam El Kabani, Ziad Osman

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Over the last years, Natural Language Processing (NLP) for Arabic language has obtained increasing importance due to the massive textual information available online in an unstructured text format, and its capability in facilitating and making information retrieval easier. One of the widely used NLP task is “Text Classification”. Its goal is to employ machine learning technics to automatically classify the text documents into one or more predefined categories. An important step in machine learning is to find suitable and large data for training and testing an algorithm. Moreover, Deep Learning (DL), the trending machine learning research, requires a lot of …

A Poisson-Akash Inrar(1) Model For Over Dispersed Count Time Series, Emmanuel W. Okereke, Sunday N. Gideon

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

In this paper, a Poisson-Akash INAR(1) model was proposed in order to improve on the modelling of overdispersed stationary count time series. The estimators of the parameters of the model were derived using the Yule-Walker (YW) method and the conditional least squares (CLS) method. An expression for the conditional log-likelihood and the r-step ahead forecast were obtained for the model. Three overdispersed nonseasonal stationary count time series were modelled to illustrate the applicability of the proposed model as well as its capacity to outperform the competing INAR (1) models in modelling overdispersed stationary count time series and the result showed …