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Semantic web

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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Urban Flood Extent Segmentation And Evaluation From Real-World Surveillance Camera Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network, Yidi Wang, Yawen Shen, Behrouz Salahshour, Mecit Cetin, Khan Iftekharuddin, Navid Tahvildari, Guoping Huang, Devin K. Harris, Kwame Ampofo, Jonathan L. Goodall Jan 2024

Urban Flood Extent Segmentation And Evaluation From Real-World Surveillance Camera Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network, Yidi Wang, Yawen Shen, Behrouz Salahshour, Mecit Cetin, Khan Iftekharuddin, Navid Tahvildari, Guoping Huang, Devin K. Harris, Kwame Ampofo, Jonathan L. Goodall

Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

This study explores the use of Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) for semantic segmentation of flood images. Imagery datasets of urban flooding were used to train two DCNN-based models, and camera images were used to test the application of the models with real-world data. Validation results show that both models extracted flood extent with a mean F1-score over 0.9. The factors that affected the performance included still water surface with specular reflection, wet road surface, and low illumination. In testing, reduced visibility during a storm and raindrops on surveillance cameras were major problems that affected the segmentation of flood extent. …

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Provenance-Aware Knowledge Representation: A Survey Of Data Models And Contextualized Knowledge Graphs, Leslie F. Sikos, Dean Philp Jan 2020

Provenance-Aware Knowledge Representation: A Survey Of Data Models And Contextualized Knowledge Graphs, Leslie F. Sikos, Dean Philp

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Expressing machine-interpretable statements in the form of subject-predicate-object triples is a well-established practice for capturing semantics of structured data. However, the standard used for representing these triples, RDF, inherently lacks the mechanism to attach provenance data, which would be crucial to make automatically generated and/or processed data authoritative. This paper is a critical review of data models, annotation frameworks, knowledge organization systems, serialization syntaxes, and algebras that enable provenance-aware RDF statements. The various approaches are assessed in terms of standard compliance, formal semantics, tuple type, vocabulary term usage, blank nodes, provenance granularity, and scalability. This can be used to advance …

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Mining Semantic Knowledge Graphs To Add Explainability To Black Box Recommender Systems, Mohammed Alshammari, Olfa Nasraoui, Scott Sanders Aug 2019

Mining Semantic Knowledge Graphs To Add Explainability To Black Box Recommender Systems, Mohammed Alshammari, Olfa Nasraoui, Scott Sanders

Faculty Scholarship

Recommender systems are being increasingly used to predict the preferences of users on online platforms and recommend relevant options that help them cope with information overload. In particular, modern model-based collaborative filtering algorithms, such as latent factor models, are considered state-of-the-art in recommendation systems. Unfortunately, these black box systems lack transparency, as they provide little information about the reasoning behind their predictions. White box systems, in contrast, can, by nature, easily generate explanations. However, their predictions are less accurate than sophisticated black box models. Recent research has demonstrated that explanations are an essential component in bringing the powerful predictions of …

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A New Approach To Information Extraction In User-Centric E-Recruitment Systems, Malik Nabeel Ahmed Awan, Sharifullah Khan, Khalid Latif, Asad Masood Khattak Jul 2019

A New Approach To Information Extraction In User-Centric E-Recruitment Systems, Malik Nabeel Ahmed Awan, Sharifullah Khan, Khalid Latif, Asad Masood Khattak

All Works

In modern society, people are heavily reliant on information available online through various channels, such as websites, social media, and web portals. Examples include searching for product prices, news, weather, and jobs. This paper focuses on an area of information extraction in e-recruitment, or job searching, which is increasingly used by a large population of users in across the world. Given the enormous volume of information related to job descriptions and users’ profiles, it is complicated to appropriately match a user’s profile with a job description, and vice versa. Existing information extraction techniques are unable to extract contextual entities. Thus, …

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A Distributed Graph Approach For Pre-Processing Linked Rdf Data Using Supercomputers, Michael J. Lewis, George K. Thiruvathukal, Venkatram Vishwanath, Michael J. Papka, Andrew Johnson May 2017

A Distributed Graph Approach For Pre-Processing Linked Rdf Data Using Supercomputers, Michael J. Lewis, George K. Thiruvathukal, Venkatram Vishwanath, Michael J. Papka, Andrew Johnson

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Efficient RDF, graph based queries are becoming more pertinent based on the increased interest in data analytics and its intersection with large, unstructured but connected data. Many commercial systems have adopted distributed RDF graph systems in order to handle increasing dataset sizes and complex queries. This paper introduces a distribute graph approach to pre-processing linked data. Instead of traversing the memory graph, our system indexes pre-processed join elements that are organized in a graph structure. We analyze the Dbpedia data-set (derived from the Wikipedia corpus) and compare our access method to the graph traversal access approach which we also devise. …

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A Services' Frameworks And Support Services For Environmental Information Communities, Nicholas J. Car, Matthew Paul Stenson, Simon J. D. Cox, Robert A. Atkinson, Peter Fitch Aug 2014

A Services' Frameworks And Support Services For Environmental Information Communities, Nicholas J. Car, Matthew Paul Stenson, Simon J. D. Cox, Robert A. Atkinson, Peter Fitch

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

For environmental datasets to be used effectively via the Internet, they must present standardized data and metadata services and link the two. The Open Geospatial Consortium's (OGC) web services (WFS, WMS, CSW etc.), have seen widespread use over many years however few organizations have deployed information architectures based solely on OGC standards for all their datasets. Collections of organizations within a thematically-based community certainly cannot realistically be expected to do so. To enable service use flexibility we present a services framework - a Data Brokering Layer (DBL). A DBL presents access to data and metadata services for datasets, and links …

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Linked Water Data For Water Information Management, Edward Curry, Viktoriya Degeler, Eoghan Clifford, Daniel Coakley, Andrea Costa, Schalk-Jan Van Andel, Nick Van De Giesen, Christos Kouroupetroglou Aug 2014

Linked Water Data For Water Information Management, Edward Curry, Viktoriya Degeler, Eoghan Clifford, Daniel Coakley, Andrea Costa, Schalk-Jan Van Andel, Nick Van De Giesen, Christos Kouroupetroglou

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

The management of water consumption is hindered by low general awareness and absence of precise historical and contextual information. Effective and efficiency management of water resources requires a holistic approach considering all the stages of water usage. A decision support tool for water management services requires access to a number of different data domains and different data providers. The design of next-generation water information management systems poses significant technical challenges in terms of information management, integration of heterogeneous data, and real-time processing of dynamic data. Linked Data is a set of web technologies that enables integration of different data sources. …

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A Scalable Backward Chaining-Based Reasoner For A Semantic Web, Hui Shi, Kurt Maly, Steven Zeil Jan 2014

A Scalable Backward Chaining-Based Reasoner For A Semantic Web, Hui Shi, Kurt Maly, Steven Zeil

Computer Science Faculty Publications

In this paper we consider knowledge bases that organize information using ontologies. Specifically, we investigate reasoning over a semantic web where the underlying knowledge base covers linked data about science research that are being harvested from the Web and are supplemented and edited by community members. In the semantic web over which we want to reason, frequent changes occur in the underlying knowledge base, and less frequent changes occur in the underlying ontology or the rule set that governs the reasoning. Interposing a backward chaining reasoner between a knowledge base and a query manager yields an architecture that can support …

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Privacy-Aware An Scalable Content Dissemination In Distributed Social Networks, Pavan Kapanipathi, Julia Anaya, Amit P. Sheth, Brett Slatkin, Alexandre Passant Jan 2011

Privacy-Aware An Scalable Content Dissemination In Distributed Social Networks, Pavan Kapanipathi, Julia Anaya, Amit P. Sheth, Brett Slatkin, Alexandre Passant

Kno.e.sis Publications

Centralized social networking websites raise scalability issues - due to the growing number of participants - and, as well as, policy concerns - such as control, privacy and ownership over the user's published data. Distributed Social Networks aim to solve this issue by enabling architecture where people own their data and share it their own way. However, the privacy and scalability challenge is still to be tackled. This paper presents a privacy-aware extension to Google's PubSubHubbub protocol, using Semantic Web technologies, solving both the scalability and the privacy issues in Distributed Social Networks. We enhanced the traditional feature of PubSubHubbub …

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On The Road To Intelligent Web Applications, Hisham Assal, Kym J. Pohl, Jens G. Pohl Aug 2010

On The Road To Intelligent Web Applications, Hisham Assal, Kym J. Pohl, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

Increasing access to data sources on the Internet offers expanding opportunities for equipping intelligent applications with the content they require whether broad in scope or rich in detail. Although typically originating within the web in a semi-structured form, with the use of inference-based translation and analysis mechanisms such content can be transformed into useful information and ultimately into actionable knowledge. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) offers a platform for accessing the web as invocable resources and effectively incorporating multiple sources of data and capabilities on the Internet into enterprise applications. Adding inference capabilities to SOA-based applications not only aids in the translation …

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A Reasonable Semantic Web, Pascal Hitzler, Frank Van Harmelen Jan 2010

A Reasonable Semantic Web, Pascal Hitzler, Frank Van Harmelen

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

The realization of Semantic Web reasoning is central to substantiating the Semantic Web vision. However, current mainstream research on this topic faces serious challenges, which forces us to question established lines of research and to rethink the underlying approaches. We argue that reasoning for the Semantic Web should be understood as "shared inference," which is not necessarily based on deductive methods. Model-theoretic semantics (and sound and complete reasoning based on it) functions as a gold standard, but applications dealing with large-scale and noisy data usually cannot afford the required runtimes. Approximate methods, including deductive ones, but also approaches based on …

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Semantic Web – Interoperability, Usability, Applicability, Pascal Hitzler, Krzysztof Janowicz Jan 2010

Semantic Web – Interoperability, Usability, Applicability, Pascal Hitzler, Krzysztof Janowicz

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Web-Based Service Exchange System For Agents And Humans Alike, Evens Jean, Machigar Ongtang, A. R. Hurson Jan 2008

Web-Based Service Exchange System For Agents And Humans Alike, Evens Jean, Machigar Ongtang, A. R. Hurson

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Semantic Web research aims at bridging the gap between how humans and agents process information readily available on the Internet. One of the great challenges to this goal lies in the fact that humans, contrary to agents, can extract the meaning of words based on its context. This work introduces a service exchange system for the Web that allows agents to intelligently process information, as would humans. This is achieved by the use of thesauri to help agents resolve semantic heterogeneity in the information being processed. The framework for the exchange system has been realized under the aglet platform on …

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Knowledge Management Enterprise Services (Kmes): Concepts And Implementation Principles, Jens G. Pohl Jul 2007

Knowledge Management Enterprise Services (Kmes): Concepts And Implementation Principles, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

The purpose of this paper is to present concepts and implementation principles related to the design and development of reusable software services that are capable of assisting users at the operational level. Knowledge Management Enterprise Services (KMES) are an implementation of the service-oriented architecture paradigm, with a focus on the exchange of data within the meaningful context of a particular application (i.e., knowledge) domain. This requires a KMES service to incorporate a high level representation of this knowledge domain in the form of an ontology that is shared among all collaborating services within the application environment and at the same …

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Relationship Web: Realizing The Memex Vision With The Help Of Semantic Web, Amit P. Sheth Jun 2007

Relationship Web: Realizing The Memex Vision With The Help Of Semantic Web, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Relationship Web takes us from "which document" could have information I need to "what's in the resources" that gives me the insight and knowledge I need for decision making. Dr. Vannevar Bush outlined his vision for Memex in a 1945 Atlantic Monthly article [1]. Describing how the human brain navigates an information space in what he called trailblazing, Dr. Bush said, "It operates by association. With one item in its grasp, it snaps instantly to the next that is suggested by the association of thoughts, in accordance with some intricate web of trails carried by the cells of the brain." …

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Schema-Driven Relationship Extraction From Unstructured Text, Cartic Ramakrishnan Jan 2007

Schema-Driven Relationship Extraction From Unstructured Text, Cartic Ramakrishnan

Kno.e.sis Publications

No abstract provided.

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A Unified Approach To Retrieving Web Documents And Semantic Web Data, Trivikram Immaneni, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan Jan 2007

A Unified Approach To Retrieving Web Documents And Semantic Web Data, Trivikram Immaneni, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan

Kno.e.sis Publications

The Semantic Web seems to be evolving into a property-linked web of RDF data, conceptually divorced from (but physically housed in) the hyperlinked web of HTML documents. We discuss the Unified Web model that integrates the two webs and formalizes the structure and the semantics of interconnections between them. We also discuss the Hybrid Query Language which combines the Data and Information Retrieval techniques to provide a convenient and uniform way to retrieve data and documents from the Unified Web. We present the retrieval system SITAR and some preliminary results.

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Analysis Of Business Process Integration In Web Service Context, J. Shen, G. Grossmann, Y. Yang, M. Stumptner, M. Schrefl, T. Reiter Dec 2006

Analysis Of Business Process Integration In Web Service Context, J. Shen, G. Grossmann, Y. Yang, M. Stumptner, M. Schrefl, T. Reiter

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

The integration of Web services is a recent outgrowth of the Business Process integration field that will require powerful meta-schema matching mechanisms supported by higher level abstractions, such as UML meta-models. Currently, there are many XML-based workflow process specification languages (e.g. XPDL, BPEL) which can be used to define business processes in the Web services and Grid Computing world. However, with limited capability to describe the relationships (schemas or ontologies) between process objects, the dominant use of XML as a meta-data markup language makes the semantics of the processes ambiguous. OWL-S (Ontology Web Language for Services) exploits the semantic description …

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Meaningful Labeling Of Integrated Query Interfaces, Eduard Dragut, Clement Yu, Weiyi Meng Jan 2006

Meaningful Labeling Of Integrated Query Interfaces, Eduard Dragut, Clement Yu, Weiyi Meng

Cyber Center Publications

The contents of Web databases are accessed through queries formulated on complex user interfaces. In many domains of interest (e.g. Auto) users are interested in obtaining information from alternative sources. Thus, they have to access many individual Web databases via query interfaces. We aim to construct automatically a well-designed query interface that integrates a set of interfaces in the same domain. This will permit users to access information uniformly from multiple sources. Earlier research in this area includes matching attributes across multiple query interfaces in the same domain and grouping related attributes. In this paper, we investigate the naming of …

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A University Online Portal For Enterprise Learning Communities, Marco Neumann, Ciaran Mcdonnell, Deirdre Hogan, Carol Reinsford, Stefan Decker Jan 2004

A University Online Portal For Enterprise Learning Communities, Marco Neumann, Ciaran Mcdonnell, Deirdre Hogan, Carol Reinsford, Stefan Decker

Conference papers

This paper describes the Programme for University Industry Interface Semantic Web Portal project that supports the efforts in enterprise training units to upskill the employee in the company and facilitates the creation and reuse of knowledge in online communities. The main purpose of this project is to support on-line learning communities and monitor the changing needs and skills of the work force in enterprise environments.

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