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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Ecological Investigations Of The Influence Of A Polluted River On Surrounding Interstitial Underground Waters, Milan Meštrov, Romana Lattinger-Penko
Ecological Investigations Of The Influence Of A Polluted River On Surrounding Interstitial Underground Waters, Milan Meštrov, Romana Lattinger-Penko
International Journal of Speleology
Because of the fundamental biological investigations and also of the practical importance, the authors investigated interstitial subterranean water (hyporheic) near a polluted river Sava in the plain where the underground waters are considered as potable. With the comparison of the physical, chemical, bacteriological, saprobiological and faunistic characteristics of the river and its hyporheic zone in different seasons their mutual relation is detected. The results show the influence of polluted river water on the hyporheic water within the river bed to at least 2 m depth.
Notes Éco-Éthologiques Et Parasitologiques Sur Les Chiroptères Cavernicoles Du Shaba (Zaïre), M. Anciaux De Faveaux
Notes Éco-Éthologiques Et Parasitologiques Sur Les Chiroptères Cavernicoles Du Shaba (Zaïre), M. Anciaux De Faveaux
International Journal of Speleology
After a brief analysis of the elements of the cavernicolous microclimate in Shaba, the author emphasizes the possibility of relations between ecology and parasitism. He then reviews the 9 species of Chiroptera that live in the subterranean field in Shaba, pointing out their environmental habitat, behaviour and parasites.
L'Equipement Sensoriel Des Trechinae Souterrains (Coléoptères). Ii - Ultrastructure Des Trichobothries De I'Elytre, Christian Juberthie, Françoise Piquemal
L'Equipement Sensoriel Des Trechinae Souterrains (Coléoptères). Ii - Ultrastructure Des Trichobothries De I'Elytre, Christian Juberthie, Françoise Piquemal
International Journal of Speleology
The ultrastructure of trichobothria (Tm2, Tr2, Tr4) of the elytra has been studied in the troglobitic Coleoptera Geotrechus vulcanus and Aphaenops cerberus. Two bipolar neurons innervate these trichobothria. The first ends at the level of the hair base, and its distal segment contains a tubular body, characteristic of mechanoreceptive bristles. The other does not possess a tubular body, and its distal segment ends in the bristle canal; its function is unknown. The trichobothria possess one glial enveloping cell, one trichogen cell, and one tormogen cell; the latter two show an apical, common, large, receptor lymph cavity. The small trichobothria …
Humidity Responses And The Role Of Hamann's Organ Of Cavernicolous Bathysciinae (Coleoptera Catopidae), Marco Lucarelli, Valerio Sbordoni
Humidity Responses And The Role Of Hamann's Organ Of Cavernicolous Bathysciinae (Coleoptera Catopidae), Marco Lucarelli, Valerio Sbordoni
International Journal of Speleology
The humidity responses of Bathysciola derosasi and Leptodirus hohenwarti, two species of troglobitic Bathysciinae showing different degrees of adaptation to cave environment, have been studied. Intact and antennectomised subjects were tested using choice-chambers with various combinations of relative humidity alternatives (i.e. 20-100%, 50-100%, 90-100%, 50-90% and, as controls, 100-100%) to investigate the role played by the sense organs situated on the 7th, 9th and 10th antenna segments. The results show that intact-antenna subjects of both species are very sensitive to humidity gradients and that their intensity of reaction varies according to the intensity of stimulus, as previously reported by …
The Discovery Of Proteus-Eggs (Proteus Anguinus Laurenti, Amphibia) In Seminatural Conditions, B. Sket, F. Velkovrh
The Discovery Of Proteus-Eggs (Proteus Anguinus Laurenti, Amphibia) In Seminatural Conditions, B. Sket, F. Velkovrh
International Journal of Speleology
Proteus-eggs were found for the first time in the nature, drifted out of a karstic spring. They were obtained from the Vir Spring al Sticna, 30 km ESE of Ljubljana. The hydrological and faunistical data indicate that Proteus lays its eggs also in “unsheltered”, energetically rich groundwater habitats.
Observations Sur Les Comportements De Lucifuga Subterranea Poey (Pisces, Ophidiidae), Poisson Cavernicole De Cuba, G. Thinès, M. Piquemal
Observations Sur Les Comportements De Lucifuga Subterranea Poey (Pisces, Ophidiidae), Poisson Cavernicole De Cuba, G. Thinès, M. Piquemal
International Journal of Speleology
The swimming behaviour and the sensory reactions of the blind Cuban cave fish Lucifuga subterranea Poey were studied on a single individual during a period of 6 months. Mechanical stimulation elicits but slight reactions. Gustatory substances in solution elicit fairly typical motor responses which are not followed by systematic exploration behaviour, the same being true for stimulations by odours of prey. The presence of moving prey provokes an oriented exploration with a slight plunging movement of the kind evidenced in other cave fishes. Actual seizing of the prey requires an active approach of the latter towards the anterior part of …
Bragasellus Escolai N.Sp., Crustacea Isopoda Asellota Cavernicole D'Espagne, J. P. Henry, G. Magniez
Bragasellus Escolai N.Sp., Crustacea Isopoda Asellota Cavernicole D'Espagne, J. P. Henry, G. Magniez
International Journal of Speleology
The paper gives a description of a new, unpigmented and anophtalmous species of Bragasellus collected in Calderón Cave, Vellia de Carrión, Palencia Province, Northern Spain (hydrographic basin of Douro River).
Martel's La France Ignorée: New Information From Two Post Cards To His Publisher, Trevor R. Shaw
Martel's La France Ignorée: New Information From Two Post Cards To His Publisher, Trevor R. Shaw
International Journal of Speleology
Two recently discovered post cards written by Martel to his publisher provide new information on the date he completed the manuscript of the first volume of La France ignorée and on the progress of its printing.
Un Asellide Interstitiel Du Bassin De I'Ebre (Espagne): Proasellus Lescherae N.Sp. (Crustacea, Isopoda, Asellota), Jean-Paul Henry, Guy Magniez
Un Asellide Interstitiel Du Bassin De I'Ebre (Espagne): Proasellus Lescherae N.Sp. (Crustacea, Isopoda, Asellota), Jean-Paul Henry, Guy Magniez
International Journal of Speleology
Proasellus lescherae n.sp. is a little, interstitial species, living in the underflow of Rio Guadalope Basin (a tributary of Ebro River). It is related to the water-slaters of the underground waters of the Pyreneo-cantabrigian region (the phyletic line of ProaselIus spelaeus Racovitza). The mean size of the reproductive females is very small (2.9 mm) and the brood contains only 6-10 eggs. Nevertheless, the size of the eggs and intramarsupial larval stages are the same as in epigean or hypogean species of the genus, which reach a larger adult size.
A Remarkable New Genus And Three New Species Of Cavernicolous Carabidae (Coleoptera) (Zoological Results Of The British Speleological Expedition To Papua-New Guinea 1975, 2), B. P. Moore
International Journal of Speleology
Speagonum mirabile gen. et sp. n. and Gastragonum caecum sp. n. are described as troglobites from caves in the Behrman Mountains of west New Guinea; Pseudozaena (Trichozaena subgen. n.) cavicola sp. n. is a troglophile from New Ireland.
Ostracodes Hypogés Du Sud De La France. 1. Mixtocandona Juberthieae N.Sp., Dan L. Danielopol
Ostracodes Hypogés Du Sud De La France. 1. Mixtocandona Juberthieae N.Sp., Dan L. Danielopol
International Journal of Speleology
The description of Mixtacandona juberthieae n.sp. is presented. The new species belongs to the group taurica and has been found in the karstic system of the Vidourle river at Sauve (Gard).
The Occurrence Of Metacyclops Subdolus Kiefer (Crustacea: Copepoda) In Subterranean Waters Of Greece With Remarks On Its Systematic Status, Giuseppe Lucio Pesce
The Occurrence Of Metacyclops Subdolus Kiefer (Crustacea: Copepoda) In Subterranean Waters Of Greece With Remarks On Its Systematic Status, Giuseppe Lucio Pesce
International Journal of Speleology
The paper gives new localities for the Copepod Metacyclops subdolus from Greece and Crete together with the main morphological and ecological features of the species.
Neue Ergebnisse Speläologischer Untersuchungen In Den Hainburger Bergen (Nö) Und Ihre Wissenschaftliche Bedeutung, Karl Mais
International Journal of Speleology
Since 1971 speleological and paleontological investigations have been carried out in the quarry “Hollitzer” which is in the Pfaffenberg near Bad Deutsch Altenburg (Hainburger Berge, Lower Austria). Evident karst phenomena are missing at the surface, but the existence of caves filled with sediments in the quarry show that the area is a fossil buried karst. A steady scientific survey allowed the study of the karstic phenomena without hindering the work in the quarry. Up to now more than 150 cavities have been discovered. Most of them seem to belong to a unique solutional system; corrasive forms are missing. Fossils (Gasteropoda, …
Sui Rhachomyces (Ascomycetes, Laboulbeniales) Parassiti Dei Duvalius Italiani (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini), W. Rossi
International Journal of Speleology
The systematic position, variability and distribution of the two species of Rhachomyces parasitic on Italian Duvalius are defined on the basis of several new findings. Rhachomyces stipitatus Thaxter was found in Liguria, central Italy, Sicily and Sardinia; its synonymy with R. capucinus Thaxter is confirmed and the ssp. pallidus Maire is considered of no systematic relevance. R. maublancii, whose position is regularized by a Latin validating diagnosis, was only found on the Alps and previous records in other countries are questioned.
Contribution À L'Étude Des Cavités Karstiques Du Djurdjura (Algérie). Description Morpho-Hydrogéologique Et Cadre Évolutif, Yves Quinif
International Journal of Speleology
In North-Africa, the karst of Djurdjura Mountains is important because it shows high-alpine characters. In others papers, we have studied shallow morphology and speleological explorations. Here, we describe the caves: morphology, qualitative hydrology and fillings. These cavities are replaced in their morpho-structural context. We make distinctions between kinds of cavities. Gulfs and resurgences characterize high-alpine karst which is actual. Other caves that have their opening at the middle of slopes are dry, disconnected of actual morphological context. They belong to past karstification phases. From the synthesis of those elements, we show that it is possible to use karstic data in …
Spontane Und Induzierte Aktivitätsmuster Bei Troglobionten Käfern (Genera Aphaenops, Geotrechus, Speonomus), G. Lamprecht, F. Weber
Spontane Und Induzierte Aktivitätsmuster Bei Troglobionten Käfern (Genera Aphaenops, Geotrechus, Speonomus), G. Lamprecht, F. Weber
International Journal of Speleology
In Constant temperature the troglobite beetles Aphaenops cerberus and pluto, Geotrechus orpheus and Speonomus diecki are aperiodically active. By periodogram analysis neither circadian nor ultradian or infradian periodic components can be found. Moreover there are no relevant correlations between the lengths of successive activity bursts and rest pauses. Consequently the activity patterns are stochasticly structured. In cases with constancy of activity respectively rest behaviour the probabilities for the transition from activity to rest and from rest to activity are computed using the Frequency histograms of lengths of activity bursts and rest pauses. The transition probability is time-invariant if the …
Prime Osservazioni In Margine A Un'esperienza Di Concrezionamento Di Alabastri Calcarei In Ambiente Ipogeo, P. Forti, R. Casali, G. Pasini
Prime Osservazioni In Margine A Un'esperienza Di Concrezionamento Di Alabastri Calcarei In Ambiente Ipogeo, P. Forti, R. Casali, G. Pasini
International Journal of Speleology
Optical analysis of thin slides of cave fromations carried out by a number of researchers showed a fine structure consisting of a succession of double layers (thichness less than a fe tens of micron). In each two layer unit, one is thicker, transparent and composed of an assembly of calcite needle shaped crystals oriented perpendicularly to the layer: the other layer is opaque, cryptocrystalline or amorphous. According to some C-14 datings of archaeological remains covered by the formations each couple of layers would correspond to one year. In order to check this hypothesis an experiment was set up in the …
Studies Of The Cave Crayfish, Orconectes Inermis Inermis Cope (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Part Iv: Mark-Recapture Procedures For Estimating Population Size And Movements Of Individuals, Horton H. Hobbs Iii
Studies Of The Cave Crayfish, Orconectes Inermis Inermis Cope (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Part Iv: Mark-Recapture Procedures For Estimating Population Size And Movements Of Individuals, Horton H. Hobbs Iii
International Journal of Speleology
Several methods for permanently marking cavernicolous crayfishes were investigated prior to initiation of field work in Pless Cave, Lawrence County, Indiana. Internally injected ink complemented with external “painting” proved to be a most satisfactory tagging procedure. During the two-year study period 211 individuals of the troglobitic crayfish Orconectes inermis inermis Cope were marked; 96 tagged individuals were recaptured at least once, a 46% recapture rate. The population size was estimated to be 1586 +/- 79 (95% C.L.) over the 540 m subterranean stream study area and remained relatively stable during the period of 1970 to 1972. The home range of …
Microflore Et Activité De Groupements Fonctionnels Dans Les Sédiments De Trois Grottes De I'Italie Centrale, A. Pasqualini, B. Fumanti, L. Visonà
Microflore Et Activité De Groupements Fonctionnels Dans Les Sédiments De Trois Grottes De I'Italie Centrale, A. Pasqualini, B. Fumanti, L. Visonà
International Journal of Speleology
A comparative study is presented of the microflora of sediments in three caves with different trophic characteristics. Quantitative and qualitative variations of microflora were investigated for one year by studying the total microflora and the activity of the nitrogen cycle functional groups. Data were compared with those of other works of previous authors. Results show that the quantity and kind of organic matter of sediment are most important factors regulating the abundance and activity of cavernicolous microflora. The experimental part of this paper is prefaced by a digest of investigations previously carried out on cavernicolous microflora and by a report …
Fracturation Et Karstification D'Un Massif: L'Exemple De L'Azerou El Kebir (Algérie Du Nord), P. E. Coiffait, Y. Quinif
Fracturation Et Karstification D'Un Massif: L'Exemple De L'Azerou El Kebir (Algérie Du Nord), P. E. Coiffait, Y. Quinif
International Journal of Speleology
The fracturation of the sub-autochthonous massif of the Azerou el Kebir is not fundamentally different from that of the adjoining allochthonous massif - where the structures are due to an Alpine phase, known as the Atlas phase. As with all fractures, karstification only exploits certain of them, without having any linkage to their statistical importance, caves have developed following fractures which are qualitatively important, but are poorly represented quantitatively. The study of the karstification therefore, confirms his complementary to the structural analysis in order to elucidate the technical problems of fracturation in the region.
Premier Proasellus Hyporhéique D'Espagne: P. Jaloniacus N. Sp., (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota), Jean-Paul Henry, Guy Magniez
Premier Proasellus Hyporhéique D'Espagne: P. Jaloniacus N. Sp., (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota), Jean-Paul Henry, Guy Magniez
International Journal of Speleology
This new, anophthalmous and unpigmented species lives in the underflow of Jalon River, Province of Alicante, Southeastern Spain. It belongs to the phyletic line of Proasellus meridianus (Racovitza, 1919).
Neue Und Interessante Milben Aus Dem Genfer Museum Xxxii. Zwei Neue Milbenarten (Acari: Acaridae) Aus Einer Höhle In Kenya, S. Mahunka
International Journal of Speleology
From a sample of Acaridae mites collected in a Kenyan cave, two new species are described. For one of them a new genus is defined.
Carotenoids In Niphargus Casimiriensis Skalski (Amphipoda) From Artesian Wells, B. Czeczuga, A. Skalski
Carotenoids In Niphargus Casimiriensis Skalski (Amphipoda) From Artesian Wells, B. Czeczuga, A. Skalski
International Journal of Speleology
By means of columnar and thin-layer chromatography, the presence of carotenoids in Niphargus casimiriensis Skalski from an artesian well was studied. There are qualitative and quantitative differences in the carotenoid contents of the Niphargus casimiriensis Skalski specimens.
Une Espèce Inédite De Rhachomyees (Ascomycètes, Laboulbeniales) Parasite Du Carabique Troglobie, Speagonum Mirabile Moore De La Nouvelle-Guinée (Resultats Zoologiques De L'Expedition Spéléologique Britannique En Papouasie-Nouvelle Guinée, 1975, 3), Walter Rossi
International Journal of Speleology
Rhachomyces beronii n. sp., parasitic on Speagonum mirabile Moore (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Anchomenini) from New Guinea, is described. The new species resembles Rhachomyces tenuis Thaxt, in general habit, but it differs from the latter in having a smaller receptacle, a larger and less pigmented perithecium, a different structure of the appendages and in the multiplication of appendiculate cells.
Adolph Schmidl (1802 - 1863) The Father Of Modern Speleology?, T. R. Shaw
Adolph Schmidl (1802 - 1863) The Father Of Modern Speleology?, T. R. Shaw
International Journal of Speleology
A. Adolf Schmidl (1802-1863) was the first person to regard speleology as a single coherent subject. Besides making important new explorations, he studied karst hydrology and underground meteorology and was also closely concerned with the work of others on cave fauna and flora. His publications ensured that his achievements were known to his successors, but his influence was less widespread than that of Martel who nevertheless called him “the real originator of speleology”.
The Tegumental Glands Of A Troglobitic Crustacean, L. Juberthie-Jupeau, Y. Crouau
The Tegumental Glands Of A Troglobitic Crustacean, L. Juberthie-Jupeau, Y. Crouau
International Journal of Speleology
Tegumental glands, located in the antennae of Antromysis juberthiei are present in males and females; in the antennulae each of them consists of 3 cells: a secretory cell of large size, an intermediary cell and a canal cell probably secretory in nature. The canal cell possesses an extracellular cavity with deep infoldings and microvilli between which the canal crinkles along. The intermediary cell is heavily provided with microfilaments. The secretory granules have an organized content.
Magniezia Gardei N.Sp. (Crustacca Isopoda Asellote): Un Sténasellide Des Eaux Souterraines Du Maroc Sud-Oriental, Guy Magniez
Magniezia Gardei N.Sp. (Crustacca Isopoda Asellote): Un Sténasellide Des Eaux Souterraines Du Maroc Sud-Oriental, Guy Magniez
International Journal of Speleology
This new species has been discovered in the waters of Kef Aziza Cave, on the Saharian slopes of the High Atlas Range, Southeastern Morocco. Magniezia gardei n.sp. belongs to the same Genus as four species previously described from the phreatic waters of the Guinean area. So, it is assumed that this Moroccan species should be a relict of the ancient aquatic hypogean fauna of the entire West Africa, nowadays protected by the development of an arid climate.
Niveaux De Base Actuels Dans Les Principaux Canyons Du Languedoc Oriental Et Des Plans De Provence, G. Fabre, J. Nicod
Niveaux De Base Actuels Dans Les Principaux Canyons Du Languedoc Oriental Et Des Plans De Provence, G. Fabre, J. Nicod
International Journal of Speleology
In a karstic country cut by a canyon in which runs an allogenic river, there are several base levels (karstic, fluvial...); chiefly if the limestones develop greatly under the bottom of the gorge. The difficulty of characterizing them appears in all the definitions given. From the example of the three most important canyons of the Eastern Bas Languedoc (South-East of France) and with the different geological controls (s.l.) one ascertains that at present: a) When an allogenic and surface river is perennial without important loss there is a total connection between fluvial level and karstic base level. b) When an …
A Perçu Sur La Composition, I'Origine Et La Formation De La Faune Cavernicole De La Stara Planina Occidentale (Bulgarie), Petar Beron
International Journal of Speleology
The karstic area between the rivers Timok and Vit has about 500 caves and pot-holes, more than 300 of them being the subject of the present study. In this area (called here Western Stara Planina) we have noted 63 species and subspecies of terrestrial troglobites and 17 species and subspecies of aquatic troglobites. The two Regions into which we split the area (region of Ogosta and Region of Iskar) are the richest in cave fauna of Bulgaria. This study deals with the particularities in the composition and the distribution of the different groups of terrestrial troglobites, and especially of such …
The Fine Structure Of Hamann's Organ In Leptodirus Hohenwarti, A Highly Specialized Cave Bathysciinae (Coleoptera, Catopidae), Fiorenza Accordi, Valerio Sbordoni
The Fine Structure Of Hamann's Organ In Leptodirus Hohenwarti, A Highly Specialized Cave Bathysciinae (Coleoptera, Catopidae), Fiorenza Accordi, Valerio Sbordoni
International Journal of Speleology
Hamann’s organ in Leptodirus hohenwarti a highly specialized cave Bathysciinae, has been studied under the TEM, SEM and light microscope. This receptor organ located in the 7th, 9th and 10th antennal articles and previously referred to as the “vesicule olfactive” and as the “antennal organ” or “antennal vesicle”, reaches its highest degree of structural complexity in leptodirus. This paper attempts to establish some degree of synonymy among the terms used by earlier authors in describing the various antennal parts and sensilla. Five types of sensilla to be found in the organ are described, namely cribrose-stick sensilla, cribrose-utricular sensilla, star-shaped sensilla, …