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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Development Of Biomolecule Nanoparticle Conjugate For Targeted Delivery Of Therapeutics, Peidong Wu
Development Of Biomolecule Nanoparticle Conjugate For Targeted Delivery Of Therapeutics, Peidong Wu
Doctoral Dissertations
Delivery of therapeutics specifically to the disease site is the final goal for the field of drug discovery. Considerable efforts in understanding disease biology have contributed to identifying novel therapeutics such as small molecules, proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids. However, improving their efficacy as well as minimizing their off-target toxicity remains challenging. Developing vectors that could not only efficiently encapsulate these therapeutics but also direct these therapeutics to the target site is a potential solution to address these challenges. In this dissertation, a block-copolymer-based nanoparticle platform has been developed optimized, and decorated with various kinds of …
Cell Modulation Using Functionalized Nanoparticles, Rui Tang
Cell Modulation Using Functionalized Nanoparticles, Rui Tang
Doctoral Dissertations
Monolayer functionalized ultra-small gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) provide a versatile platform for applications in cell research. Through rational design of surface ligands, the chemistry of AuNPs are precisely regulated at atomic level. In this dissertation, applications of AuNPs in cell modulation are discussed. The topics are split into two categories. In the first category, functionalized AuNPs are harnessed to generate a robust monolayer on cell culture surface for cell modulation. The proliferation and behavior of different types of cancer cells and normal cells are modulated by tuning the surface ligands of AuNPs. Fate decision of mesenchymal stem cells are also modulated …
Refractive Index Engineering And Optical Properties Enhancement By Polymer Nanocomposites, Cheng Li
Refractive Index Engineering And Optical Properties Enhancement By Polymer Nanocomposites, Cheng Li
Doctoral Dissertations
The major part of this dissertation discusses the engineering of the refractive index of materials using solution-processable polymer nanocomposites and their applications in building optical components and devices. Three particular polymer nanocomposites have been introduced to achieve materials with tunable refractive indices and enhanced optical properties, which can be used to manipulate the behavior of light or electromagnetic radiations. In the first system, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)/polymer nanocomposites are developed. Thin films with tunable, low refractive indicies were fabricated from the composites. The mechanical strength of these films was characterized, and their application in antireflective coatings is discussed. In the …
Supramolecular Strategies For The Generation Of Nanoparticle Assemblies And Biomolecular Thin Films, Bradley P. Duncan
Supramolecular Strategies For The Generation Of Nanoparticle Assemblies And Biomolecular Thin Films, Bradley P. Duncan
Doctoral Dissertations
The conceptual framework of supramolecular chemistry elucidates a powerful set of strategies for chemists to generate functional nanomaterials based on intermolecular forces. My research focused on tuning the molecular interactions of nanoscale components to create larger structures with enhanced properties. In one approach, I developed and optimized an additive-free, nanoimprint lithography-based methodology to generate stable thin films from a variety of proteins. The generalized process retains intrinsic properties of the protein as demonstrated by selective cellular adhesion. The heat and pressure of the nanoimprinting process induces slight structural reorganization of the peptide side chains to yield highly stable films held …
Studying Nanoparticle/Cell And Nanoparticle/Biosurface Interaction With Mass Spectrometry, Singyuk Hou
Studying Nanoparticle/Cell And Nanoparticle/Biosurface Interaction With Mass Spectrometry, Singyuk Hou
Masters Theses
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been used widely in various fields ranging from biomedical applications to life science due to their highly tunable properties. It is essential to understanding how NPs interact with biological systems of interest, therefore, analytical platforms to efficiently track NPs from cell to animal level are essential. In this thesis, laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) and inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been developed and applied to quantify NP/cell and NP/biological surface interactions. These two methods provide fast, label-free and quantitative analysis. New capability of LDI-MS to differentiate cell surface-bound and internalized NPs were established and ICP-MS …
Functional Nanostructures From Nanoparticle Building Blocks, Jimmy Lawrence
Functional Nanostructures From Nanoparticle Building Blocks, Jimmy Lawrence
Doctoral Dissertations
Advances in the synthetic strategies of engineered nanomaterials, multifunctional molecules and polymers have opened pathways for the development of functional nanomaterials having unique optoelectronic, mechanical, and biological properties. By designing the chemistry of surface ligands, the organic interface of nanoparticles, one can further the versatility and utilization of engineered nanomaterials, opening pathways for breakthroughs in sensing, catalysis, and delivery using nanomaterials. This thesis describes the synthesis and characterization of small molecule and polymer ligand functionalized inorganic nanoparticles (e.g., metal, semiconducting). Embedding specific chemical functionality into the ligand periphery of nanoparticles enables the resulting functional nanoparticles to react selectively …
Functional Nanocomposites From Self-Assembly Of Block Copolymers With Nanoparticles, Xinyu Wang
Functional Nanocomposites From Self-Assembly Of Block Copolymers With Nanoparticles, Xinyu Wang
Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation studied the proper distribution and location control of nanoparticles (NPs) within block copolymer (BCP) templates. A facile ligand exchange reaction was introduced for the hydrophilic magnetic NPs (MNPs) that are readily dispersed in polar solvents with outstanding stability. Small molecule ligands were selected to associate strongly with particle surfaces, provide hydrophilic termini for polarity matching with polar solvents, and offer the potential for hydrogen-bonding interactions to facilitate NP incorporation into polymers. Areal ligand densities of NPs indicated a significant increase in the ligand coverage after the exchange reaction. Hydrophilic MNPs were shown to drive the self-assembly of BCPs …
Nanoparticle Building Blocks For Functional Structures, Youngdo Jeong
Nanoparticle Building Blocks For Functional Structures, Youngdo Jeong
Doctoral Dissertations
A major goal in material science is achieving a desired function using structures fabricated with designed building blocks. Advanced synthetic and self-assembly techniques allow various nanomaterials to become promising building blocks, providing the control of the interaction between building blocks. The unique properties of nanomaterials can be transferred to structured systems. Among nanomaterials, inorganic nanoparticles such as gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), magnetic particles, and quantum dots (QDs) provide useful physical properties stemming from their inorganic core, large surface areas, and oriented surface functionalities. My research has focused on fabricating functional systems using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), manipulating the interaction between AuNPs, bio-entities, …
Functional Nanoparticles At Interfaces: Emulsion Stabilization And Triggered Inversion, Caroline Laure Marie Miesch
Functional Nanoparticles At Interfaces: Emulsion Stabilization And Triggered Inversion, Caroline Laure Marie Miesch
Doctoral Dissertations
Encapsulation of materials can be performed through the stabilization of fluid-fluid interfaces and the formation of emulsion droplets, which is commonly achieved with surfactants, including small molecules and polymers, as well as particles that are, typically, micron-scale in diameter. The worked contained in this dissertation centered on droplets that are stabilized by nanoparticles, including metallic nanoparticles and semiconductor quantum dots, which bring the conductive and fluorescent properties inherent to such nanoparticles into the droplet construction. Double emulsion droplets, both oil-in-water-in-oil (o/w/o) and water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) were formed using nanoparticles as the only surfactant in solution. Different types of nanoparticles were found …
Assembly Of Surface Engineered Nanoparticles For Functional Materials, Xi Yu
Assembly Of Surface Engineered Nanoparticles For Functional Materials, Xi Yu
Open Access Dissertations
Nanoparticles are regarded as exciting new building blocks for functional materials due to their fascinating physical properties because of the nano-confinement. Organizing nanoparticles into ordered hierarchical structures are highly desired for constructing novel optical and electrical artificial materials that are different from their isolated state or thermodynamics random ensembles. My research integrates the surface chemistry of nanoparticles, interfacial assembly and lithography techniques to construct nanoparticle based functional structures. We designed and synthesized tailor-made ligands for gold, semiconductor and magnetic nanoparticle, to modulate the assembly process and collective properties of the assembled structures, by controlling the key parameters such as particle-interface …
Tailoring The Surface-Coating Of Gold Nanoparticles For Bio-Applications, Partha S. Ghosh
Tailoring The Surface-Coating Of Gold Nanoparticles For Bio-Applications, Partha S. Ghosh
Open Access Dissertations
Functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) provide an excellent scaffold for numerous biological applications. In these systems, the gold core imparts stability to the assembly, while the monolayer allows tuning of surface characteristics such as charge and hydrophobicity. The nano-scale size and tunable surface properties have made them an ideal candidate for manipulating protein-protein/protein-nucleic acid interactions, and delivery of therapeutics. In this thesis work, it has been demonstrated how the surface coating plays an important role in achieving a desired goal. Using organic synthesis as a tool, the monolayer was tailored to afford useful particles with biocompatibility and the ability to respond …
Intermolecular Electron Transfer Reactivity And Dynamics Of Cytochrome C – Nanoparticle Adducts, Adrienne M. Carver
Intermolecular Electron Transfer Reactivity And Dynamics Of Cytochrome C – Nanoparticle Adducts, Adrienne M. Carver
Open Access Dissertations
Interprotein electron transfer (ET) is crucial for natural energy conversion and a fundamental reaction in the pursuit of understanding the broader problem of proteinprotein interactions and reactivity. Simplifying the complicated nature of these natural systems has driven development of biomimetic approaches. Functionalized gold nanoparticles offer simplified, tunable surfaces that can serve as a proxy to study the reactivity and dynamics of proteins. Amino-acid functionalized gold nanoparticles (Au-TX) served as a complementary partner to cytochrome c (Cyt c) and catalyzed its ET reactivity without altering the native structure. Redox mediator and EPR experiments confirmed that the redox potential and coordination environment …
Engineering The Nanoparticle Surface For Protein Recognition And Applications, Mrinmoy De
Engineering The Nanoparticle Surface For Protein Recognition And Applications, Mrinmoy De
Open Access Dissertations
Proteins and nanoparticles (NPs) provide a promising platform for supramolecular interaction. We are currently exploring both fundamental and applied aspects of this interaction. On the fundamental side, we have fabricated a series of water-soluble anionic and cationic NPs to interact with cationic and anionic proteins respectively. A Varity of studies such as, activity assay, fluorescence titration, isothermal titration calorimetry etc. were carried out to quantify the binding properties of these functional NPs with those proteins. Those studies reveal the prospect of tuning the affinity between the nanoparticles and proteins by the surface modification. On the application side, we have used …