Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Comparison Of The Performance Of The Observation-Based Hybrid Edmf And Edmf-Tke Pbl Schemes In 2020 Tropical Cyclone Forecasts From The Globalnested Hurricane Analysis And Forecast System, Andrew Hazelton, Jun A. Zhang, Sundararaman Gopalakrishnan

Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Faculty Publications

Better representation of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) in numerical models is one of the keys to improving forecasts of TC structure and intensity, including rapid intensification. To meet this goal, our recent work has used observations to improve the eddy-diffusivity mass flux with prognostic turbulent kinetic energy (EDMF-TKE) PBL scheme in the Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS). This study builds on that work by comparing a modified version of EDMF-TKE (MEDMF-TKE) with the hybrid EDMF scheme based on a K-profile method (HEDMF-KP) in the 2020 HAFS-globalnest model. Verification statistics based on 101 cases in the 2020 season demonstrate …

The Purdue Agro-Climatic (Pac) Dataset For The U.S. Corn Belt: Development And Initial Results, Xing Liu, Elin Jacobs, Anil Kumar, Larry Biehl, Jeff Andersen, Dev Niyogi

Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Faculty Publications

This study is a result of a project titled ‘‘Useful to Usable (U2U): Transforming Climate Variability and Change Information for Cereal Crop Producers”. This paper responds to the project goal to improve farm resiliency and proftability in the U.S. Corn Belt region by transforming existing meteorological dataset into usable knowledge and tools for the agricultural community.

A high-resolution agro-climatic dataset that covers the U.S. Corn Belt was built for the U2U project based on a Land Data Assimilation System (LDAS) framework. This data referred to as the Purdue Agro-climatic (PAC) dataset is a gridded, continuous dataset suitable for agrocli- matic …

Deep Time Evidence For Climate Sensitivity Increase With Warming, Gary Shaffer, Matthew Huber, Roberto Rondanelli, Jens Olaf Pepke Pedersen

Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Improved Prediction Of Severe Thunderstorms Over The Indian Monsoon Region Using High-Resolution Soil Moisture And Temperature Initialization, K. K. Osuri, R. Nadimpalli, U. C. Mohanty, F. Chen, M. Rajeevan, Dev Niyogi

Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Faculty Publications

The hypothesis that realistic land conditions such as soil moisture/soil temperature (SM/ST) can significantly improve the modeling of mesoscale deep convection is tested over the Indian monsoon region (IMR). A high resolution (3 km foot print) SM/ST dataset prepared from a land data assimilation system, as part of a national monsoon mission project, showed close agreement with observations. Experiments are conducted with (LDAS) and without (CNTL) initialization of SM/ST dataset. Results highlight the significance of realistic land surface conditions on numerical prediction of initiation, movement and timing of severe thunderstorms as compared to that currently being initialized by climatological fields …

What Do Experienced Water Managers Think Of Water Resources Of Our Nation And Its Management Infrastructure?, Faisal Hossain, Jeffrey R. Arnold, Edward Beighley, Casey M. Brown, Steven J. Burian, Ji Chen, Anindita Mitra, Dev Dutta S Niyogi, Roger A. Pielke, Vincent C. Tidwell, Dave Wegner

Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Faculty Publications

This article represents the second report by an ASCE Task Committee "Infrastructure Impacts of Landscape-driven Weather Change" under the ASCE Watershed Management Technical Committee and the ASCE Hydroclimate Technical Committee. Herein, the 'infrastructure impacts" are referred to as infrastructure-sensitive changes in weather and climate patterns (extremes and non-extremes) that are modulated, among other factors, by changes in landscape, land use and land cover change. In this first report, the article argued for explicitly considering the well-established feedbacks triggered by infrastructure systems to the land-atmosphere system via landscape change. In this report by the ASCE Task Committee (TC), we present the …

Crustal Structure Across The Central Alaska Range: Anatomy Of A Mesozoic Collisional Zone, P.R.K. Brennan, H. Gilbert, K. D. Ridgway

Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Faculty Publications

A first-order process in the growth of continents is the collision and accretion of terranes against continental margins. Collision leads to the formation of a suture zone between the accreted terrane and the former continental margin. New insights on the suturing process are observed from two receiver function transects across the Mesozoic Alaska Range suture zone. Three distinct crustal sections are identified from observations of crustal thickness, intracrustal discontinuities, and Vp/Vs: a northern section with ∼27 km thick crust of felsic to intermediate composition, a central section that is ∼37 km thick that exhibits intracrustal discontinuities and has felsic to …

Instability In Leapfrog And Forward–Backward Schemes, Wen-Yih Sun

Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

An Ocean View Of The Early Cenozoic Greenhouse World, Ellen Thomas, Henk Brinkhuis, Matthew Huber, Ursula Röhl

Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Low Frequency Variability In Globally Integrated Tropical Cyclone Power Dissipation, Ryan Sriver, Matthew Huber

Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Faculty Publications

Surface wind and temperature records from the European Centre for Medium- Range Weather Forecasts 40 Year Reanalysis (ERA-40) Project are used to estimate low-frequency variations in globally integrated tropical cyclone (TC) intensity from 1958 to 2001. For the first time, the annually integrated power dissipation (PD) is explicitly calculated on a global scale, and results show an upward trend in PD during much of the ERA-40 project period, although we argue this is at least partially due to limitations in cyclone representation in ERA-40. Comparing our estimated trend in PD with Emanuel's (2005) approximation to PD reveals good agreement after …

Timing And Nature Of The Deepening Of The Tasmanian Gateway, Catherine E. Stickley, Henk Brinkhuis, Stephen A. Schellenberg, Appy Sluijs, Ursula Röhl, Michael Fuller, Marianne Grauert, Matthew Huber, Jeroen Warnaar, Graham L. Williams

Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Faculty Publications

Tectonic changes that produced a deep Tasmanian Gateway between Australia and Antarctica are widely invoked as the major mechanism for Antarctic cryosphere growth and Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) development during the Eocene/Oligocene (E/O) transition (∼34–33 Ma). Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 189 recovered near-continuous marine sedimentary records across the E/O transition interval at four sites around Tasmania. These records are largely barren of calcareous microfossils but contain a rich record of siliceous- and organic-walled marine microfossils. In this study we integrate micropaleontological, sedimentological, geochemical, and paleomagnetic data from Site 1172 (East Tasman Plateau) to identify four distinct phases (A–D) in …

Eocene Circulation Of The Southern Ocean: Was Antarctica Kept Warm By Subtropical Waters?, Matthew Huber, Henk Brinkhuis, Catherine E. Stickley, Kristofer Döös, Appy Sluijs

Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Faculty Publications

Near the Eocene's close (∼34 million years ago), the climate system underwent one of the largest shifts in Earth's history: Antarctic terrestrial ice sheets suddenly grew and ocean productivity patterns changed. Previous studies conjectured that poleward penetration of warm, subtropical currents, the East Australian Current (EAC) in particular, caused Eocene Antarctic warmth. Late Eocene opening of an ocean gateway between Australia and Antarctica was conjectured to have disrupted the EAC, cooled Antarctica, and allowed ice sheets to develop. Here we reconstruct Eocene paleoceanographic circulation in the Tasmanian region, using (1) biogeographical distributions of phytoplankton, including data from recently drilled Ocean …