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Articles 1 - 30 of 1191
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Magnetization And Age Of Ca. 544 Ma Syenite, Eastern Canada: Evidence For Renewal Of The Geodynamo, Tinghong Zhou, Mauricio Ibañez-Mejia, Richard K. Bono, Rory D. Cottrell, Wouter Bleeker, Kenneth P. Kodama, Wentao Huang, Eric G. Blackman, Francis Nimmo, Aleksey Smirnov, John A. Tarduno
Magnetization And Age Of Ca. 544 Ma Syenite, Eastern Canada: Evidence For Renewal Of The Geodynamo, Tinghong Zhou, Mauricio Ibañez-Mejia, Richard K. Bono, Rory D. Cottrell, Wouter Bleeker, Kenneth P. Kodama, Wentao Huang, Eric G. Blackman, Francis Nimmo, Aleksey Smirnov, John A. Tarduno
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
The ca. 565 Ma Ediacaran geodynamo was highly unusual, producing an ultralow field 10 times weaker than present-day value of 8 x 1022 A m2. A ∼5 times rise in field strength is seen in time-averaged single crystal paleointensity data of ca. 532 Ma Early Cambrian anorthosites of Oklahoma (USA). The field increase could record the onset of inner core nucleation predicted by thermal evolution and numerical dynamo models. Here, we examine the renewal of the geodynamo through zircon U-Pb geochronology and single crystal paleointensity studies of plagioclase from the Chatham-Grenville syenite intrusion in the Grenville Province (Canada). U-Pb data …
Spectroscopic Characterization, Dft Calculations, In Vitro Pharmacological Potentials, And Molecular Docking Studies Of N, N, O-Schiff Base And Its Trivalent Metal Complexes, Ikechukwu P. Ejidike, Amani Direm, Cemal Parlak, Adebayo A. Adeniyi, Mohammad Azam, Athar Ata, Michael O. Eze, Joshua W. Hollett, Hadley S. Clayton
Spectroscopic Characterization, Dft Calculations, In Vitro Pharmacological Potentials, And Molecular Docking Studies Of N, N, O-Schiff Base And Its Trivalent Metal Complexes, Ikechukwu P. Ejidike, Amani Direm, Cemal Parlak, Adebayo A. Adeniyi, Mohammad Azam, Athar Ata, Michael O. Eze, Joshua W. Hollett, Hadley S. Clayton
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
In this study, trivalent metal complexes of the category: [M(L)(H2O)nCly] obtained from the interaction of metal3+ ion salts with organic N, N, O-Schiff base (HL) (where: HL = 4-{(Z)-((2-{(E)-((2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene)amino}ethyl)imino)methyl}-2-methoxyphenol; n, y = 1 or 2 and M = Ti(III), Fe(III), Ru(III), Cr(III) and Al(III)) were synthesized and characterized viz molar conductance, FT-IR, and UV–Vis spectroscopies, elemental analyses, thermal analyses (TGA and DTA), and UV–Vis spectroscopy, theoretical calculations. A distorted octahedral structure around the metal ions was proposed based on the obtained experimental and calculated data. Thermal examination of the complexes signposts the step-by-step disintegration to give the final decomposition product …
New Examples Of Self-Dual Near-Extremal Ternary Codes Of Length 48 Derived From 2-(47,23,11) Designs, Sanja Rukavina, Vladimir Tonchev
New Examples Of Self-Dual Near-Extremal Ternary Codes Of Length 48 Derived From 2-(47,23,11) Designs, Sanja Rukavina, Vladimir Tonchev
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
In a recent paper (Araya and Harada, 2023), Araya and Harada gave examples of self-dual near-extremal ternary codes of length 48 for 145 distinct values of the number A12 of codewords of minimum weight 12, and raised the question about the existence of codes for other values of A12. In this note, we use symmetric 2-(47,23,11) designs with an automorphism group of order 6 to construct self-dual near-extremal ternary codes of length 48 for 150 new values of A12.
Near-Collapse Of The Geomagnetic Field May Have Contributed To Atmospheric Oxygenation And Animal Radiation In The Ediacaran Period, Wentao Huang, John A. Tarduno, Tinghong Zhou, Mauricio Ibañez-Mejia, Laércio Dal Olmo-Barbosa, Edinei Koester, Eric G. Blackman, Aleksey V. Smirnov, Gabriel Ahrendt, Rory D. Cottrell, Kenneth P. Kodama, Richard K. Bono, David G. Sibeck, Yong Xiang Li, Francis Nimmo, Shuhai Xiao, Michael K. Watkeys
Near-Collapse Of The Geomagnetic Field May Have Contributed To Atmospheric Oxygenation And Animal Radiation In The Ediacaran Period, Wentao Huang, John A. Tarduno, Tinghong Zhou, Mauricio Ibañez-Mejia, Laércio Dal Olmo-Barbosa, Edinei Koester, Eric G. Blackman, Aleksey V. Smirnov, Gabriel Ahrendt, Rory D. Cottrell, Kenneth P. Kodama, Richard K. Bono, David G. Sibeck, Yong Xiang Li, Francis Nimmo, Shuhai Xiao, Michael K. Watkeys
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Earth’s magnetic field was in a highly unusual state when macroscopic animals of the Ediacara Fauna diversified and thrived. Any connection between these events is tantalizing but unclear. Here, we present single crystal paleointensity data from 2054 and 591 Ma pyroxenites and gabbros that define a dramatic intensity decline, from a strong Proterozoic field like that of today, to an Ediacaran value 30 times weaker. The latter is the weakest time-averaged value known to date and together with other robust paleointensity estimates indicate that Ediacaran ultra-low field strengths lasted for at least 26 million years. This interval of ultra-weak magnetic …
Exploring The Coronal Magnetic Field With Galactic Cosmic Rays: The Sun Shadow Observed By Hawc, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. P. Arunbabu, D. Avila Rojas, R. Babu, Et Al.
Exploring The Coronal Magnetic Field With Galactic Cosmic Rays: The Sun Shadow Observed By Hawc, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. P. Arunbabu, D. Avila Rojas, R. Babu, Et Al.
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are charged particles that reach the heliosphere almost isotropically in a wide energy range. In the inner heliosphere, the GCR flux is modulated by solar activity so that only energetic GCRs reach the lower layers of the solar atmosphere. In this work, we propose that high-energy GCRs can be used to explore the solar magnetic fields at low coronal altitudes. We used GCR data collected by the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov observatory to construct maps of GCR flux coming from the Sun’s sky direction and studied the observed GCR deficit, known as Sun shadow (SS), over a …
Lmcrot: An Enhanced Protein Crotonylation Site Predictor By Leveraging An Interpretable Window-Level Embedding From A Transformer-Based Protein Language Model, Pawel Pratyush, Soufia Bahmani, Suresh Pokharel, Hamid D. Ismail, Dukka Bahadur
Lmcrot: An Enhanced Protein Crotonylation Site Predictor By Leveraging An Interpretable Window-Level Embedding From A Transformer-Based Protein Language Model, Pawel Pratyush, Soufia Bahmani, Suresh Pokharel, Hamid D. Ismail, Dukka Bahadur
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
MOTIVATION: Recent advancements in natural language processing have highlighted the effectiveness of global contextualized representations from Protein Language Models (pLMs) in numerous downstream tasks. Nonetheless, strategies to encode the site-of-interest leveraging pLMs for per-residue prediction tasks, such as crotonylation (Kcr) prediction, remain largely uncharted. RESULTS: Herein, we adopt a range of approaches for utilizing pLMs by experimenting with different input sequence types (full-length protein sequence versus window sequence), assessing the implications of utilizing per-residue embedding of the site-of-interest as well as embeddings of window residues centered around it. Building upon these insights, we developed a novel residual ConvBiLSTM network designed …
Optimal Molecular Dynamics System Size For Increased Precision And Efficiency For Epoxy Materials, Khatereh Kashmari, Sagar Patil, Josh Kemppainen, Shankara Gowtham, Gregory Odegard
Optimal Molecular Dynamics System Size For Increased Precision And Efficiency For Epoxy Materials, Khatereh Kashmari, Sagar Patil, Josh Kemppainen, Shankara Gowtham, Gregory Odegard
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is an important tool for predicting thermo-mechanical properties of polymer resins at the nanometer length scale, which is particularly important for efficient computationally driven design of advanced composite materials and structures. Because of the statistical nature of modeling amorphous materials on the nanometer length scale, multiple MD models (replicates) are typically built and simulated for statistical sampling of predicted properties. Larger replicates generally provide higher precision in the predictions but result in higher simulation times. Unfortunately, there is insufficient information in the literature to establish guidelines between MD model size and the resulting precision in predicted …
A Jwst Survey Of The Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A, Dan Milisavljevic, Tea Temim, Ilse De Looze, Danielle Dickinson, J. Martin Laming, Robert Fesen, John C. Raymond, Richard G. Arendt, Jacco Vink, Bettina Posselt, George G. Pavlov, Ori D. Fox, Ethan Pinarski, Bhagya Subrayan, Judy Schmidt, William P. Blair, Armin Rest, Daniel Patnaude, Bon Chul Koo, Jeonghee Rho, Salvatore Orlando, Hans Thomas Janka, Moira Andrews, Michael J. Barlow, Adam Burrows, Roger Chevalier, Geoffrey Clayton, Claes Fransson, Christopher Fryer, Haley L. Gomez, Florian Kirchschlager
A Jwst Survey Of The Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A, Dan Milisavljevic, Tea Temim, Ilse De Looze, Danielle Dickinson, J. Martin Laming, Robert Fesen, John C. Raymond, Richard G. Arendt, Jacco Vink, Bettina Posselt, George G. Pavlov, Ori D. Fox, Ethan Pinarski, Bhagya Subrayan, Judy Schmidt, William P. Blair, Armin Rest, Daniel Patnaude, Bon Chul Koo, Jeonghee Rho, Salvatore Orlando, Hans Thomas Janka, Moira Andrews, Michael J. Barlow, Adam Burrows, Roger Chevalier, Geoffrey Clayton, Claes Fransson, Christopher Fryer, Haley L. Gomez, Florian Kirchschlager
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
We present initial results from a James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) survey of the youngest Galactic core-collapse supernova remnant, Cassiopeia A (Cas A), made up of NIRCam and MIRI imaging mosaics that map emission from the main shell, interior, and surrounding circumstellar/interstellar material (CSM/ISM). We also present four exploratory positions of MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrograph integral field unit spectroscopy that sample ejecta, CSM, and associated dust from representative shocked and unshocked regions. Surprising discoveries include (1) a weblike network of unshocked ejecta filaments resolved to ∼0.01 pc scales exhibiting an overall morphology consistent with turbulent mixing of cool, low-entropy matter …
Machine Learning Techniques For Intermediate Mass Gap Lepton Partner Searches At The Large Hadron Collider, Bhaskar Dutta, Tathagata Ghosh, Alyssa Horne, Jason Kumar, Sean Palmer, Pearl Sandick, Marcus Snedeker, Patrick Stengel, Joel W. Walker
Machine Learning Techniques For Intermediate Mass Gap Lepton Partner Searches At The Large Hadron Collider, Bhaskar Dutta, Tathagata Ghosh, Alyssa Horne, Jason Kumar, Sean Palmer, Pearl Sandick, Marcus Snedeker, Patrick Stengel, Joel W. Walker
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
We consider machine learning techniques associated with the application of a boosted decision tree (BDT) to searches at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for pair-produced lepton partners which decay to leptons and invisible particles. This scenario can arise in the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), but can be realized in many other extensions of the Standard Model (SM). We focus on the case of intermediate mass splitting (∼30 GeV) between the dark matter (DM) and the scalar. For these mass splittings, the LHC has made little improvement over LEP due to large electroweak backgrounds. We find that the use of …
Constraints On Metastable Superheavy Dark Matter Coupled To Sterile Neutrinos With The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, K. Nguyen, D. Nitz, Et Al.
Constraints On Metastable Superheavy Dark Matter Coupled To Sterile Neutrinos With The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, K. Nguyen, D. Nitz, Et Al.
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Dark matter particles could be superheavy, provided their lifetime is much longer than the age of the Universe. Using the sensitivity of the Pierre Auger Observatory to ultrahigh energy neutrinos and photons, we constrain a specific extension of the Standard Model of particle physics that meets the lifetime requirement for a superheavy particle by coupling it to a sector of ultralight sterile neutrinos. Our results show that, for a typical dark coupling constant of 0.1, the mixing angle θm between active and sterile neutrinos must satisfy, roughly, θm≲1.5×10-6(MX/109 GeV)-2 for a mass MX of the dark-matter particle between 108 GeV …
Structural, Spectroscopic, And Computational Insights From Canavanine-Bound And Two Catalytically Compromised Variants Of The Ethylene-Forming Enzyme, Shramana Chatterjee, Matthias Fellner, Joel A. Rankin, Midhun George Thomas, Simahudeen Bathir Jaber Sathik Rifayee, Christo Christov, Jian Hu, Robert P. Hausinger
Structural, Spectroscopic, And Computational Insights From Canavanine-Bound And Two Catalytically Compromised Variants Of The Ethylene-Forming Enzyme, Shramana Chatterjee, Matthias Fellner, Joel A. Rankin, Midhun George Thomas, Simahudeen Bathir Jaber Sathik Rifayee, Christo Christov, Jian Hu, Robert P. Hausinger
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
The ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) is an Fe(II), 2-oxoglutarate (2OG), and l-arginine (l-Arg)-dependent oxygenase that either forms ethylene and three CO2/bicarbonate from 2OG or couples the decarboxylation of 2OG to C5 hydroxylation of l-Arg. l-Arg binds with C5 toward the metal center, causing 2OG to change from monodentate to chelate metal interaction and OD1 to OD2 switch of D191 metal coordination. We applied anaerobic UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and computational approaches to three EFE systems with high-resolution structures. The ineffective l-Arg analogue l-canavanine binds to the EFE with O5 pointing away from the metal center while promoting chelate formation by 2OG …
Estimating Polarization Purity With Noise, Alex Kostinski, Dan Kestner, Jothiram Vivekanandan
Estimating Polarization Purity With Noise, Alex Kostinski, Dan Kestner, Jothiram Vivekanandan
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
We formulate a problem of estimating and monitoring mismatch (unwanted departure from orthogonality) of two ostensibly orthogonal polarization channels in a fully polarimetric general device such as a polarimetric weather radar. A statistical approach is proposed by using thermal noise or, more generally, a 'polarimetric noise' class of sources. The suitable noise class of distributions is shown to be rooted in the complex multivariate Gaussian probability density function (pdf), the latter possessing a uniform pdf on the Poincare sphere (PS), with a probability measure given by a fractional surface area. To that end, we develop a parameter to estimate polarization …
Asymptotics Of The Rate Function In The Large Deviation Principle For Sums Of Independent Identically Distributed Random Variables, Iosif Pinelis
Asymptotics Of The Rate Function In The Large Deviation Principle For Sums Of Independent Identically Distributed Random Variables, Iosif Pinelis
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Let Λ∗be the rate function in the large deviation principle for the sums X1 + · · · + Xn of independent identically distributed random variables X1, X2, …. It is shown that Λ∗(x) ∼ − ln P(X1 ≥ x) (as x → ∞) if and only if ln P(X1 ≥ x) ∼ L0(x) for some concave function L0. The main ingredient of the proof is the general, explicit expression of a suitable quasi-minimizer in t ≥ 0 of the Bernstein–Chernoff upper bound e−txEetX1 on P(X1 ≥ x), which is amenable to analysis and, at the same time, is close …
Induction Of Neuroinflammation And Brain Oxidative Stress By Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicles From Hypertensive Rats, Xinqian Chen, Xin Yan, Leah Gingerich, Qing Hui Chen, Lanrong Bi, Zhiying Shan
Induction Of Neuroinflammation And Brain Oxidative Stress By Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicles From Hypertensive Rats, Xinqian Chen, Xin Yan, Leah Gingerich, Qing Hui Chen, Lanrong Bi, Zhiying Shan
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Neuroinflammation and brain oxidative stress are recognized as significant contributors to hypertension including salt sensitive hypertension. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an essential role in intercellular communication in various situations, including physiological and pathological ones. Based on this evidence, we hypothesized that EVs derived from the brains of hypertensive rats with salt sensitivity could trigger neuroinflammation and oxidative stress during hypertension development. To test this hypothesis, we compared the impact of EVs isolated from the brains of hypertensive Dahl Salt-Sensitive rats (DSS) and normotensive Sprague Dawley (SD) rats on inflammatory factors and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production in primary neuronal …
Light Curve And Hardness Tests For Millilensing In Grb 081122a, Grb 081126a, Grb 110517b, And Grb 210812a, Oindabi Mukherjee, Robert J. Nemiroff
Light Curve And Hardness Tests For Millilensing In Grb 081122a, Grb 081126a, Grb 110517b, And Grb 210812a, Oindabi Mukherjee, Robert J. Nemiroff
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Analyses are given on four recent gravitational millilensing claims on gamma-ray bursts (GRBs): GRB 081122A, GRB 081126A, GRB 110517B, and GRB 210812A. Two tests, a light curve similarity test and a hardness similarity test, compare different temporal sections of a single GRB to see if they are statistically similar. The hardness similarity test shows that the ratio between the second and the first emission episodes in each energy channel differed from the same ratio averaged over all energy channels at above 90 per cent confidence level in GRB 081122A. Additionally, the light curve similarity test applied to GRB 081122A, GRB …
First-Principles Study Of Hydrogen Storage Application Of Ti3c2tx Monolayer Mxene, Yi Zhi Chu, Kah Chun Lau
First-Principles Study Of Hydrogen Storage Application Of Ti3c2tx Monolayer Mxene, Yi Zhi Chu, Kah Chun Lau
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
MXene, with its high aspect ratio and adjustable surface properties, has garnered significant attention in the realm of hydrogen storage research. For the first time, considering a ternary/quaternary mixed terminated MXene surface, the authors have investigated comprehensively the hydrogen storage potential of two-dimensional (2D) titanium carbide Ti3C2Tx monolayer MXene using density functional theory (DFT). By considering mixed terminated surfaces, this study indicated the locally induced dipole due to the mixed termination is beneficial in facilitating hydrogen adsorption with stronger average adsorption energies than that of the uniform F-/O-/OH-/H-terminated surfaces. The authors estimated a compelling average H2 surface adsorption energy on …
Progress In Electronic, Energy, Biomedical And Environmental Applications Of Boron Nitride And Mos2 Nanostructures, Join Uddin, Raksha Dubey, Vinaayak Sivam Balasubramaniam, Jeff Kabel, Vedika Khare, Zohreh Salimi, Sambhawana Sharma, Dongyan Zhang, Yoke Khin Yap
Progress In Electronic, Energy, Biomedical And Environmental Applications Of Boron Nitride And Mos2 Nanostructures, Join Uddin, Raksha Dubey, Vinaayak Sivam Balasubramaniam, Jeff Kabel, Vedika Khare, Zohreh Salimi, Sambhawana Sharma, Dongyan Zhang, Yoke Khin Yap
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
In this review, we examine recent progress using boron nitride (BN) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanostructures for electronic, energy, biomedical, and environmental applications. The scope of coverage includes zero-, one-, and two-dimensional nanostructures such as BN nanosheets, BN nanotubes, BN quantum dots, MoS nanosheets, and MoS quantum dots. These materials have sizable bandgaps, differentiating them from other metallic nanostructures or small-bandgap materials. We observed two interesting trends: (1) an increase in applications that use heterogeneous materials by combining BN and MoS nanostructures with other nanomaterials, and (2) strong research interest in environmental applications. Last, we encourage researchers to study how …
Hadamard Matrices Of Orders 60 And 64 With Automorphisms Of Orders 29 And 31, Makoto Araya, Masaaki Harada, Vladimir Tonchev
Hadamard Matrices Of Orders 60 And 64 With Automorphisms Of Orders 29 And 31, Makoto Araya, Masaaki Harada, Vladimir Tonchev
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
A classification of Hadamard matrices of order 2p + 2 with an automorphism of order p is given for p = 29 and 31. The ternary self-dual codes spanned by the newly found Hadamard matrices of order 60 with an automorphism of order 29 are computed, as well as the binary doubly even self-dual codes of length 120 with generator matrices defined by related Hadamard designs. Several new ternary near-extremal self-dual codes, as well as binary near-extremal doubly even self-dual codes with previously unknown weight enumerators are found.
First-Principles Study Of Mxene Properties With Varying Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration, Yi Zhi Chu, Megan Hoover, Patrick Ward, Kah Chun Lau
First-Principles Study Of Mxene Properties With Varying Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration, Yi Zhi Chu, Megan Hoover, Patrick Ward, Kah Chun Lau
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
With varying hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentrations under three etching conditions, we presented a comparative study of the effects of both the ordered and randomly ternary mixed terminated Ti3C2Tx surfaces with a wide variation of O/OH/F stoichiometry on the thermodynamic stability and electronic properties. Regardless of the HF concentration, an OH-rich surface is found to be thermodynamically stable and the electrical conductivity of Ti3C2Tx is substantially affected by the OH concentration. The charge density difference and electron localization function demonstrated a significant electron localization at the hydroxyl group on the O/OH/F mixed terminated surface, which could yield a locally induced dipole …
Detection Of Small Drizzle Droplets In A Large Cloud Chamber Using Ultrahigh-Resolution Radar, Zeen Zhu, Fan Yang, Pavlos Kollias, Raymond A. Shaw, Alexander Kostinski, Steve Krueger, Katia Lamer, Nithin Allwayin, Mariko Oue
Detection Of Small Drizzle Droplets In A Large Cloud Chamber Using Ultrahigh-Resolution Radar, Zeen Zhu, Fan Yang, Pavlos Kollias, Raymond A. Shaw, Alexander Kostinski, Steve Krueger, Katia Lamer, Nithin Allwayin, Mariko Oue
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
A large convection-cloud chamber has the potential to produce drizzle-sized droplets, thus offering a new opportunity to investigate aerosol-cloud-drizzle interactions at a fundamental level under controlled environmental conditions. One key measurement requirement is the development of methods to detect the low-concentration drizzle drops in such a large cloud chamber. In particular, remote sensing methods may overcome some limitations of in situ methods. Here, the potential of an ultrahigh-resolution radar to detect the radar return signal of a small drizzle droplet against the cloud droplet background signal is investigated. It is found that using a small sampling volume is critical to …
Search For Decaying Dark Matter In The Virgo Cluster Of Galaxies With Hawc, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, R. Turner, X. Wang, Et Al.
Search For Decaying Dark Matter In The Virgo Cluster Of Galaxies With Hawc, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, R. Turner, X. Wang, Et Al.
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
The decay or annihilation of dark matter particles may produce a steady flux of very-high-energy gamma rays detectable above the diffuse background. Nearby clusters of galaxies provide excellent targets to search for the signatures of particle dark matter interactions. In particular, the Virgo cluster spans several degrees across the sky and can be efficiently probed with a wide field-of-view instrument. The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory, due to its wide field of view and sensitivity to gamma rays at an energy scale of 300 GeV-100 TeV is well-suited for this search. Using 2141 days of data, we search for …
Resolving The Topology Of Encircling Multiple Exceptional Points, Chitres Guria, Qi Zhong, Sahin Kaya Ozdemir, Yogesh S.S. Patil, Ramy El-Ganainy, Jack Gwynne Emmet Harris
Resolving The Topology Of Encircling Multiple Exceptional Points, Chitres Guria, Qi Zhong, Sahin Kaya Ozdemir, Yogesh S.S. Patil, Ramy El-Ganainy, Jack Gwynne Emmet Harris
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Non-Hermiticity has emerged as a new paradigm for controlling coupled-mode systems in ways that cannot be achieved with conventional techniques. One aspect of this control that has received considerable attention recently is the encircling of exceptional points (EPs). To date, most work has focused on systems consisting of two modes that are tuned by two control parameters and have isolated EPs. While these systems exhibit exotic features related to EP encircling, it has been shown that richer behavior occurs in systems with more than two modes. Such systems can be tuned by more than two control parameters, and contain EPs …
The Microverse: A Task-Oriented Edge-Scale Metaverse, Qian Qu, Mohsen Hatami, Ronghua Xu, Deeraj Nagothu, Yu Chen, Xiaohua Li, Erik Blasch, Erika Ardiles-Cruz, Genshe Chen
The Microverse: A Task-Oriented Edge-Scale Metaverse, Qian Qu, Mohsen Hatami, Ronghua Xu, Deeraj Nagothu, Yu Chen, Xiaohua Li, Erik Blasch, Erika Ardiles-Cruz, Genshe Chen
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Over the past decade, there has been a remarkable acceleration in the evolution of smart cities and intelligent spaces, driven by breakthroughs in technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), edge–fog–cloud computing, and machine learning (ML)/artificial intelligence (AI). As society begins to harness the full potential of these smart environments, the horizon brightens with the promise of an immersive, interconnected 3D world. The forthcoming paradigm shift in how we live, work, and interact owes much to groundbreaking innovations in augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), extended reality (XR), blockchain, and digital twins (DTs). However, realizing the expansive digital vista …
Deep Neural Network-Oriented Indicator Method For Inverse Scattering Problems Using Partial Data, Yule Lin, Xiaoyi Yan, Jiguang Sun, Juan Liu
Deep Neural Network-Oriented Indicator Method For Inverse Scattering Problems Using Partial Data, Yule Lin, Xiaoyi Yan, Jiguang Sun, Juan Liu
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
We consider the inverse scattering problem to reconstruct an obstacle using partial far-field data due to one incident wave. A simple indicator function, which is negative inside the obstacle and positive outside of it, is constructed and then learned using a deep neural network (DNN). The method is easy to implement and effective as demonstrated by numerical examples. Rather than developing sophisticated network structures for the classical inverse operators, we reformulate the inverse problem as a suitable operator such that standard DNNs can learn it well. The idea of the DNN-oriented indicator method can be generalized to treat other partial …
Unusual Catalytic Strategy By Non-Heme Fe(Ii)/2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Aspartyl Hydroxylase Asph, Anandhu Krishnan, Sodiq Waheed, Ann Varghese, Fathima Hameed Cherilakkudy, Christopher J. Schofield, Tatyana G. Karabencheva-Christova
Unusual Catalytic Strategy By Non-Heme Fe(Ii)/2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Aspartyl Hydroxylase Asph, Anandhu Krishnan, Sodiq Waheed, Ann Varghese, Fathima Hameed Cherilakkudy, Christopher J. Schofield, Tatyana G. Karabencheva-Christova
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Biocatalytic C-H oxidation reactions are of important synthetic utility, provide a sustainable route for selective synthesis of important organic molecules, and are an integral part of fundamental cell processes. The multidomain non-heme Fe(ii)/2-oxoglutarate (2OG) dependent oxygenase AspH catalyzes stereoselective (3R)-hydroxylation of aspartyl- and asparaginyl-residues. Unusually, compared to other 2OG hydroxylases, crystallography has shown that AspH lacks the carboxylate residue of the characteristic two-His-one-Asp/Glu Fe-binding triad. Instead, AspH has a water molecule that coordinates Fe(ii) in the coordination position usually occupied by the Asp/Glu carboxylate. Molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) studies reveal that the iron coordinating water is …
Low Shear In Short-Term Impacts Endothelial Cell Traction And Alignment In Long-Term, Mohanish K. Chandurkar, Nikhil Mittal, Shaina P. Royer-Weeden, Steven D. Lehmann, Yeonwoo Rho, Sangyoon J. Han
Low Shear In Short-Term Impacts Endothelial Cell Traction And Alignment In Long-Term, Mohanish K. Chandurkar, Nikhil Mittal, Shaina P. Royer-Weeden, Steven D. Lehmann, Yeonwoo Rho, Sangyoon J. Han
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Within the vascular system, endothelial cells (ECs) are exposed to fluid shear stress (FSS), a mechanical force exerted by blood flow that is critical for regulating cellular tension and maintaining vascular homeostasis. The way ECs react to FSS varies significantly; while high, laminar FSS supports vasodilation and suppresses inflammation, low or disturbed FSS can lead to endothelial dysfunction and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Yet, the adaptation of ECs to dynamically varying FSS remains poorly understood. This study focuses on the dynamic responses of ECs to brief periods of low FSS, examining its impact on endothelial traction—a measure of …
Low Shear In Short-Term Impacts Endothelial Cell Traction And Alignment In Long-Term, Mohanish Chandurkar, Nikhil Mittal, Shaina P. Royer-Weeden, Steven D. Lehmann, Yeonwoo Rho, Sangyoon J. Han
Low Shear In Short-Term Impacts Endothelial Cell Traction And Alignment In Long-Term, Mohanish Chandurkar, Nikhil Mittal, Shaina P. Royer-Weeden, Steven D. Lehmann, Yeonwoo Rho, Sangyoon J. Han
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Within the vascular system, endothelial cells (ECs) are exposed to fluid shear stress (FSS), a mechanical force exerted by blood flow that is critical for regulating cellular tension and maintaining vascular homeostasis. The way ECs react to FSS varies significantly; while high, laminar FSS supports vasodilation and suppresses inflammation, low or disturbed FSS can lead to endothelial dysfunction and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Yet, the adaptation of ECs to dynamically varying FSS remains poorly understood. This study focuses on the dynamic responses of ECs to brief periods of low FSS, examining its impact on endothelial traction-a measure of …
Galactic Gamma-Ray Diffuse Emission At Tev Energies With Hawc Data, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. P. Arunbabu, D. Avila Rojas, R. Babu, Et Al.
Galactic Gamma-Ray Diffuse Emission At Tev Energies With Hawc Data, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. P. Arunbabu, D. Avila Rojas, R. Babu, Et Al.
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
Galactic gamma-ray diffuse emission (GDE) is emitted by cosmic rays (CRs), ultra-relativistic protons, and electrons, interacting with gas and electromagnetic radiation fields in the interstellar medium. Here we present the analysis of teraelectronvolt diffuse emission from a region of the Galactic plane over the range in longitude of l ∈ [43°, 73°], using data collected with the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) detector. Spectral, longitudinal, and latitudinal distributions of the teraelectronvolt diffuse emission are shown. The radiation spectrum is compatible with the spectrum of the emission arising from a CR population with an index similar to that of the observed …
Demonstrating Agreement Between Radio And Fluorescence Measurements Of The Depth Of Maximum Of Extensive Air Showers At The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. Nitz, K. Nguyen, A. Puyleart, Et Al.
Demonstrating Agreement Between Radio And Fluorescence Measurements Of The Depth Of Maximum Of Extensive Air Showers At The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. Nitz, K. Nguyen, A. Puyleart, Et Al.
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
We show, for the first time, radio measurements of the depth of shower maximum (Xmax) of air showers induced by cosmic rays that are compared to measurements of the established fluorescence method at the same location. Using measurements at the Pierre Auger Observatory we show full compatibility between our radio and the previously published fluorescence dataset, and between a subset of air showers observed simultaneously with both radio and fluorescence techniques, a measurement setup unique to the Pierre Auger Observatory. Furthermore, we show radio Xmax resolution as a function of energy and demonstrate the ability to make competitive high-resolution Xmax …
Radio Measurements Of The Depth Of Air-Shower Maximum At The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. Nitz, K. Nguyen, A. Puyleart, Et Al.
Radio Measurements Of The Depth Of Air-Shower Maximum At The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. Nitz, K. Nguyen, A. Puyleart, Et Al.
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2
The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA), part of the Pierre Auger Observatory, is currently the largest array of radio antenna stations deployed for the detection of cosmic rays, spanning an area of 17 km2 with 153 radio stations. It detects the radio emission of extensive air showers produced by cosmic rays in the 30-80 MHz band. Here, we report the AERA measurements of the depth of the shower maximum (Xmax), a probe for mass composition, at cosmic-ray energies between 1017.5 and 1018.8 eV, which show agreement with earlier measurements with the fluorescence technique at the Pierre Auger Observatory. We show …