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Kennesaw State University

2015

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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Advanced Techniques For Computational And Information Sciences, William Guo, Chih-Cheng Hung, Paul Scheunders, Bor-Chen Kuo Dec 2015

Advanced Techniques For Computational And Information Sciences, William Guo, Chih-Cheng Hung, Paul Scheunders, Bor-Chen Kuo

Faculty and Research Publications

New techniques in computational and information sciences have played an important role in keeping advancing the so called knowledge economy. Advanced techniques have been introduced to or emerging in almost every field of the scientific world for hundreds of years, which has been accelerated since the late 1970s when the advancement in computers and digital technologies brought the world into the Information Era. In addition to the rapid development of computational intelligence and new data fusion techniques in the past thirty years [1–4], mobile and cloud computing, grid computing driven numeric computation models, big data intelligence, and other emerging technologies …


Observation Of B0→P¯Λd(*)−, Y. Y. Chang Et Al Nov 2015

Observation Of B0→P¯Λd(*)−, Y. Y. Chang Et Al

Faculty and Research Publications

We report the first observation of the decays B0→p¯ΛD(*)−. The data sample of 711  fb−1 used in this analysis corresponds to 772×106 B¯B pairs, collected at the Υ(4S) resonance by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. We observe 19.8σ and 10.8σ excesses of events for the two decay modes and measure the branching fractions of B0→p¯ΛD− and B0→p¯ΛD*− to be (25.1±2.6±3.5)×10−6 and (33.6±6.3±4.4)×10−6, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. These results are not compatible with the predictions based on the generalized factorization approach. In addition, a threshold enhancement in the dibaryon …


Self-Consistent Modeling Of Photoionization And The Kerr Effect In Bulk Solids, Jeremy R. Gulley, Thomas E. Lanier Nov 2015

Self-Consistent Modeling Of Photoionization And The Kerr Effect In Bulk Solids, Jeremy R. Gulley, Thomas E. Lanier

Faculty and Research Publications

In calculations of ultrafast laser-induced ionization the treatment of fundamental mechanisms such as photoionization and the Kerr effect are treated in isolation using monochromatic perturbative approaches. Such approaches are often questionable for pulses of ultrashort duration and multi-chromatic spectra. In this work we address this issue by solving the quantum optical Bloch equations in a 3D quasi-momentum space and show how to couple this model to ultrashort pulse propagation in dielectrics. This approach self-consistently couples a quantum calculation of the photoionization yield, the photoionization current, and the current from free-carriers with the traditional Kerr effect (self-focusing and self phase modulation) …


Calculation Of Nonlinear Optical Damage From Space-Time-Tailored Pulses In Dielectrics, Thomas E. Lanier, Jeremy R. Gulley Nov 2015

Calculation Of Nonlinear Optical Damage From Space-Time-Tailored Pulses In Dielectrics, Thomas E. Lanier, Jeremy R. Gulley

Faculty and Research Publications

Control of the time duration of a laser pulse as it focuses spatially in a material provides a means for delaying the onset of nonlinear e↵ects during propagation. We investigate simultaneous space-time focusing (SSTF) of femtosecond radially-chirped annular pulses in Kerr dielectrics. The energy and temporal chirp of pulses incident upon a grating-grating-lens system are varied in simulations that solve the unidirectional pulse propagation equation. This system is modeled by inserting transformations that act on the electric field obtained from propagation from one component to the next. The propagation is coupled to the time evolution of the free charge density …


Inclusive Cross Sections For Pairs Of Identified Light Charged Hadrons And For Single Protons In E^{+}E^{-} At Sqrt[S]=10.58gev, R. Seidl Et Al., D. Joffe Nov 2015

Inclusive Cross Sections For Pairs Of Identified Light Charged Hadrons And For Single Protons In E^{+}E^{-} At Sqrt[S]=10.58gev, R. Seidl Et Al., D. Joffe

Faculty and Research Publications

We report the first double differential cross sections of two charged pions and kaons (e+e−→hhX) in electron-positron annihilation as a function of the fractional energies of the two hadrons for any charge and hadron combination. The dependence of these dihadron cross sections on the topology (same, opposite hemisphere or anywhere) is also studied with the help of the event shape variable thrust and its axis. The ratios of these dihadron cross sections for different charges and hadron combinations directly shed light on the contributing fragmentation functions. For example, we find that the ratio of same-sign pion pairs over opposite-sign pion …


First Observation Of The Hadronic Transition Υ(4s)→Ηhb(1p)And New Measurement Of The Hb(1p) And Ηb(1s) Parameters, U. Tamponi, R. Mussa, A. Abdesselam, H. Aihara, K. Arinstein, D. Joffe Oct 2015

First Observation Of The Hadronic Transition Υ(4s)→Ηhb(1p)And New Measurement Of The Hb(1p) And Ηb(1s) Parameters, U. Tamponi, R. Mussa, A. Abdesselam, H. Aihara, K. Arinstein, D. Joffe

Faculty and Research Publications

Using a sample of 771.6×106 ΥΥ(4S) decays collected by the Belle experiment at the KEKB e+e− collider, we observe, for the first time, the transition Υ(4S)→ηhb(1P) with the branching fraction B[Υ(4S)→ηhb(1P)]=(2.18±0.11±0.18)×10−3 and we measure the hb(1P) mass Mhb(1P)=(9899.3±0.4±1.0)  MeV/c2, corresponding to the hyperfine (HF) splitting ΔMHF(1P)=(0.6±0.4±1.0)  MeV/c2. Using the transition hb(1P)→γηb(1S), we measure the ηb(1S) mass Mηb(1S)=(9400.7±1.7±1.6)  MeV/c2, corresponding to ΔMHF(1S)=(59.6±1.7±1.6)  MeV/c2, the ηb(1S) width Γηb(1S)=(8+6−5±5)  MeV/c2and the branching fraction B[hb(1P)→γηb(1S)]=(56±8±4)%.


First Observation Of The Hadronic Transition Υ(4s)→Ηhb(1p) And New Measurement Of The Hb(1p) And Ηb(1s) Parameters, U. Tamponi Et Al Oct 2015

First Observation Of The Hadronic Transition Υ(4s)→Ηhb(1p) And New Measurement Of The Hb(1p) And Ηb(1s) Parameters, U. Tamponi Et Al

Faculty and Research Publications

Using a sample of 771.6×106 ΥΥ(4S) decays collected by the Belle experiment at the KEKB e+e− collider, we observe, for the first time, the transition Υ(4S)→ηhb(1P) with the branching fraction B[Υ(4S)→ηhb(1P)]=(2.18±0.11±0.18)×10−3 and we measure the hb(1P) mass Mhb(1P)=(9899.3±0.4±1.0)  MeV/c2, corresponding to the hyperfine (HF) splitting ΔMHF(1P)=(0.6±0.4±1.0)  MeV/c2. Using the transition hb(1P)→γηb(1S), we measure the ηb(1S) mass Mηb(1S)=(9400.7±1.7±1.6)  MeV/c2, corresponding to ΔMHF(1S)=(59.6±1.7±1.6)  MeV/c2, the ηb(1S) width Γηb(1S)=(8+6−5±5)  MeV/c2 and the branching fraction B[hb(1P)→γηb(1S)]=(56±8±4)%.


Measurement Of The Branching Ratio Of B[Over ¯]→D^{(*)}Τ^{−}Ν[Over ¯]_{Τ} Relative To B[Over ¯]→D^{(*)}ℓ^{-}Ν[Over ¯]_{ℓ} Decays With Hadronic Tagging At Belle, M. Huschle Et Al., D. Joffe Oct 2015

Measurement Of The Branching Ratio Of B[Over ¯]→D^{(*)}Τ^{−}Ν[Over ¯]_{Τ} Relative To B[Over ¯]→D^{(*)}ℓ^{-}Ν[Over ¯]_{ℓ} Decays With Hadronic Tagging At Belle, M. Huschle Et Al., D. Joffe

Faculty and Research Publications

We report a measurement of the branching fraction ratios R(D(*)) of ¯B→D(*)τ−¯ντ relative to ¯B→D(*)ℓ−¯νℓ (where ℓ=e or μ) using the full Belle data sample of 772×106B¯B pairs collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. The measured values are R(D)=0.375±0.064(stat)±0.026(syst) and R(D∗)=0.293±0.038(stat)±0.015(syst). The analysis uses hadronic reconstruction of the tag-side B meson and purely leptonic τ decays. The results are consistent with earlier measurements and do not show a significant deviation from the standard model prediction.


A Context-Aware Model To Improve Usability Of Information Display On Smartphone Apps For Emerging Users, Felix F. Ntawanga, Andre P. Calitz, Lynette Barnard Sep 2015

A Context-Aware Model To Improve Usability Of Information Display On Smartphone Apps For Emerging Users, Felix F. Ntawanga, Andre P. Calitz, Lynette Barnard

The African Journal of Information Systems

Smartphones have become a reliable technology for accessing information and services in rural communities. Mobile applications, such as social media and news apps running on smartphones, are no longer exclusively utilised by users in developed communities. Mobile applications are accessed in highly contextualised environments. This paper discusses a context-aware model that was implemented to improve the usability of information presented on smartphone applications for emerging users. User evaluation was conducted within a remote area in South Africa with a sample of users, most of whom did not have prior experience in using computer applications. The results of the evaluation present …


First Observation Of Cp Violation In ¯B0→D(*)Cph0 Decays By A Combined Time-Dependent Analysis Of Babar And Belle Data, A. Abdesselam Et Al Sep 2015

First Observation Of Cp Violation In ¯B0→D(*)Cph0 Decays By A Combined Time-Dependent Analysis Of Babar And Belle Data, A. Abdesselam Et Al

Faculty and Research Publications

We report a measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetry of ¯B0→D(*)CPh0 decays, where the light neutral hadron h0 is a π0, η, or ω meson, and the neutral D meson is reconstructed in the CP eigenstates K+K−, K0Sπ0, or K0Sω. The measurement is performed combining the final data samples collected at the Υ(4S) resonance by the BABAR and Belle experiments at the asymmetric-energy B factories PEP-II at SLAC and KEKB at KEK, respectively. The data samples contain (471±3)×106B¯B pairs recorded by the BABAR detector and (772±11)×106B¯B pairs recorded by the Belle detector. We measure the CP asymmetry parameters −ηfS=+0.66±0.10(stat)±0.06(syst) and …


Kolmogorov's Problem For Completely And Multiply Monotone Functions And The Markov Moment Problem, Vladyslav Babenko, Yuliya Babenko, Oleg Kovalenko Sep 2015

Kolmogorov's Problem For Completely And Multiply Monotone Functions And The Markov Moment Problem, Vladyslav Babenko, Yuliya Babenko, Oleg Kovalenko

Faculty and Research Publications

In this paper, we present the solution to Kolmogorov’s problem for the classes of multiply monotone and completely monotone functions together with its connections to the Markov moment problem, Hermite-Birkhoff interpolation problem, and other extremal problems.


Weak Interactions Between Salmonella Enterica Flhb And Other Flagellar Export Apparatus Proteins Govern Type Iii Secretion Dynamics, Jonathan L. Mcmurry, Tohru Minamino, Yukio Furukawa, Joshua W. Francis Aug 2015

Weak Interactions Between Salmonella Enterica Flhb And Other Flagellar Export Apparatus Proteins Govern Type Iii Secretion Dynamics, Jonathan L. Mcmurry, Tohru Minamino, Yukio Furukawa, Joshua W. Francis

Faculty and Research Publications

The bacterial flagellum contains its own type III secretion apparatus that coordinates protein export with assembly at the distal end. While many interactions among export apparatus proteins have been reported, few have been examined with respect to the differential affinities and dynamic relationships that must govern the mechanism of export. FlhB, an integral membrane protein, plays critical roles in both export and the substrate specificity switching that occurs upon hook completion. Reported herein is the quantitative characterization of interactions between the cytoplasmic domain of FlhB (FlhBC) and other export apparatus proteins including FliK, FlhAC and FliI. FliK and FlhAC bound …


High-Order Threshold Corrections For Top-Pair And Single-Top Production, Nikolaos Kidonakis Aug 2015

High-Order Threshold Corrections For Top-Pair And Single-Top Production, Nikolaos Kidonakis

Faculty and Research Publications

I present results for high-order corrections from threshold resummation to cross sections and differential distributions in top-antitop pair production and in single-top production. I show aN3LO results for the total tt¯ cross section as well as for the top-quark transverse momentum (pT) and rapidity distributions, and the top-quark forward-backward asymmetry in tt¯production. I compare with the most recent Tevatron and LHC data, including at 13 TeV. I also present aNNLO results for cross sections and pT distributions in t-channel, s-channel, and tW-channel single-top production.


The Role Of Epha Receptor Signaling In Neuroblast Survival During In Vitro Differentiation, Tasia M. Nabors Jul 2015

The Role Of Epha Receptor Signaling In Neuroblast Survival During In Vitro Differentiation, Tasia M. Nabors

Master of Science in Chemical Sciences Theses

Mouse embryonic stem cells can be differentiated into multiple cell types and can serve as an excellent model for studying developmental processes in vitro. In particular, stem cells can be differentiated into forebrain-like neurons, allowing investigation of nervous system development at single cell resolution. Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their ephrin ligands play a critical role during in vivo cortical development, particularly during axon guidance. Preliminary data has shown that EphRs and ephrins are expressed during in vitro differentiation. In addition, we see EphA7 localization at the face of neural rosettes, where it co-expresses with markers of neuroblast identity. However, …


Informing And Performing: A Study Comparingadaptive Learning To Traditional Learning, Meg Coffin Murray, Jorge Perez Jul 2015

Informing And Performing: A Study Comparingadaptive Learning To Traditional Learning, Meg Coffin Murray, Jorge Perez

Faculty and Research Publications

Technology has transformed education, perhaps most evidently in course delivery options. However, compelling questions remain about how technology impacts learning. Adaptive learning tools are technology-based artifacts that interact with learners and vary presentation based upon that interaction. This study examines completion rates and exercise scores for students assigned adaptive learning exercises and compares them to completion rates and quiz scores for students assigned objective-type quizzes in a university digital literacy course. Current research explores the hypothesis that adapting instruction to an individual’s learning style results in better learning outcomes. Computer technology has long been seen as an answer to the …


Mobile Phishing Attacks And Mitigation Techniques, Hossain Shahriar, Tulin Klintic, Victor Clincy Jun 2015

Mobile Phishing Attacks And Mitigation Techniques, Hossain Shahriar, Tulin Klintic, Victor Clincy

Faculty and Research Publications

Mobile devices have taken an essential role in the portable computer world. Portability, small screen size, and lower cost of production make these devices popular replacements for desktop and laptop computers for many daily tasks, such as surfing on the Internet, playing games, and shopping online. The popularity of mobile devices such as tablets and smart phones has made them a frequent target of traditional web-based attacks, especially phishing. Mobile device-based phishing takes its share of the pie to trick users into entering their credentials in fake websites or fake mobile applications. This paper discusses various phishing attacks using mobile …


Models Of Time Travel And Their Consequences, Antonio M. Mantica Jun 2015

Models Of Time Travel And Their Consequences, Antonio M. Mantica

Oglethorpe Journal of Undergraduate Research

How do we travel through time? We know that we can move forward in it (we have no choice), but can we jump forward in time? Can we go backward in time? It also gives rise to other troubling questions: is time measurable in distinct increments, or does it flow continuously? In "Models of Time Travel and their Consequences," Antonio Mantica walks the reader through current understandings of how time functions in Einstein's universe and proposes three distinct models to explain it. Following that, he provides a list of experiments to credit or discredit the models. Appropriate for audiences of …


Symmetry And The Arrow Of Time In Theoretical Black Hole Astrophysics, David Garofalo Jun 2015

Symmetry And The Arrow Of Time In Theoretical Black Hole Astrophysics, David Garofalo

Faculty and Research Publications

While the basic laws of physics seem time-reversal invariant, our understanding of the apparent irreversibility of the macroscopic world is well grounded in the notion of entropy. Because astrophysics deals with the largest structures in the Universe, one expects evidence there for the most pronounced entropic arrow of time. However, in recent theoretical astrophysics work it appears possible to identify constructs with time-reversal symmetry, which is puzzling in the large-scale realm especially because it involves the engines of powerful outflows in active galactic nuclei which deal with macroscopic constituents such as accretion disks, magnetic fields, and black holes. Nonetheless, the …


N3lo Calculations For Top-Quark Differential Cross Sections Near Partonic Threshold, Nikolaos Kidonakis Jun 2015

N3lo Calculations For Top-Quark Differential Cross Sections Near Partonic Threshold, Nikolaos Kidonakis

Faculty and Research Publications

I present calculations of approximate corrections from NNLL soft-gluon resummation for total and differential cross sections in top-antitop pair production and single-top production in hadronic collisions. I show that soft-gluon corrections from partonic threshold are the dominant contribution to top-quark production and closely approximate exact results. I present aN3LO results for the total tt¯cross section, the top-quark pT and rapidity distributions, and the top-quark forwardbackward asymmetry. I also provide updates for single-top production in the t, s, and tW channels. Finally, I discuss top-quark production via anomalous gluon couplings.


First Steps Of Putting Research Into Practice: Utilizing Concept Inventories To Identify Biochemistry Misconceptions And The Development Of A Guided Inquiry Activity To Correct The Identified Misconceptions, Ellen Humphreys May 2015

First Steps Of Putting Research Into Practice: Utilizing Concept Inventories To Identify Biochemistry Misconceptions And The Development Of A Guided Inquiry Activity To Correct The Identified Misconceptions, Ellen Humphreys

Master of Science in Chemical Sciences Theses

It is known that students leave science classes with an incomplete or incorrect understanding of some of the concepts covered in the courses. Identification of these misconceptions is difficult, as it usually involves conducting an hour long one-on-one interview with a student. Concept inventories were developed as a way for professors to identify misconceptions in their classroom in an efficient manner. However, there is no collection of biology, chemistry and biochemistry concept inventories and there has been no analysis of the quality of these inventories. One goal of the research was to collect these inventories and do the much needed …


Investigation Of Spontaneous Combustion Inhibition Of Coal Fires Utilizing Differential Scanning Calorimetry And Thermogravimetric Analysis, Christopher J. Raymond May 2015

Investigation Of Spontaneous Combustion Inhibition Of Coal Fires Utilizing Differential Scanning Calorimetry And Thermogravimetric Analysis, Christopher J. Raymond

Master of Science in Chemical Sciences Theses

Self-oxidation of coals can result in spontaneous combustion events at any time during mining, transporting, or processing, causing environmental, economical, and safety concerns. The total global primary coal production as of 2012 was 8.7 billion tons. Of that, 1.1 billion tons of coal was mined in the US, which accounts for 41% of the domestic electricity production. Spontaneous coal combustion, although dependent on coal rank, is a naturally occurring phenomenon that often causes damage to industrial and commercial facilities and freight, reduces the caloric value of coal, can release noxious gases and particulate matter, and increases CO2 pollution levels …


N3lo Approximate Results For Top-Quark Differential Cross Sections And Forward-Backward Asymmetry, Nikolaos Kidonakis May 2015

N3lo Approximate Results For Top-Quark Differential Cross Sections And Forward-Backward Asymmetry, Nikolaos Kidonakis

Faculty and Research Publications

I present a calculation of approximate N3LO corrections from NNLL soft-gluon resummation for differential distributions in top-antitop pair production in hadronic collisions. Soft-gluon corrections are the dominant contribution to top-quark production and closely approximate exact results through NNLO. I show aN3LO results for the total tt¯ cross section, the top-quark pT and rapidity distributions, and the top-quark forward-backward asymmetry. The higher-order corrections are significant and they reduce theoretical uncertainties.


Theoretical Results For Electroweak-Boson And Single-Top Production, Nikolaos Kidonakis May 2015

Theoretical Results For Electroweak-Boson And Single-Top Production, Nikolaos Kidonakis

Faculty and Research Publications

I present results from recent high-order calculations for the production of electroweak bosons and top quarks. In particular, I discuss W and Z boson production at large transverse momentum, single-top production, and FCNC top production. Theoretical predictions which include higherorder soft-gluon corrections are presented for total cross sections and differential distributions at the LHC.


Analysis And Comparison Of The Photodecomposition Reaction Of Methanol On Ceo2 Impregnated Tio2 Surfaces Versus Bare Tio2 Surfaces, Christopher A. Estes May 2015

Analysis And Comparison Of The Photodecomposition Reaction Of Methanol On Ceo2 Impregnated Tio2 Surfaces Versus Bare Tio2 Surfaces, Christopher A. Estes

Master of Science in Chemical Sciences Theses

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been well-studied primarily due to its unique photocatalytic activity. Different preparation techniques have been developed to increase its photocatalytic activity by various means, including simply increasing the surface area, changing the makeup of the framework, and modifying the surface with a dopant. This study focuses on the effect cerium oxide (CeO2) has on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 by depositing CeO2 on the TiO2 surface. Methanol is used as a probe reactant for these experiments due to its wide use in heterogeneous catalysis research and the limited products that …


Crystal Nucleation Of Palladium-Doped Lithium Disilicate Glass, Gregory Humble Apr 2015

Crystal Nucleation Of Palladium-Doped Lithium Disilicate Glass, Gregory Humble

Symposium of Student Scholars

The effect of concentration of palladium particles on crystal nucleation was investigated for lithium disilicate glass. The heterogeneous nucleation rate for 470°C and 480°C were calculated for a concentration of 0.001% palladium by weight. The DTA method of measuring nucleation and crystallization was used in this calculation.


Measurement Of The Direct Cp Asymmetry In ¯B→Xs+Dγ Decays With A Lepton Tag, L. Pesántez Et Al Apr 2015

Measurement Of The Direct Cp Asymmetry In ¯B→Xs+Dγ Decays With A Lepton Tag, L. Pesántez Et Al

Faculty and Research Publications

We report the measurement of the direct CP asymmetry in the radiative ¯B→Xs+dγ decay using a data sample of (772±11)×106 B¯B pairs collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. The CP asymmetry is measured as a function of the photon energy threshold. For E∗γ≥2.1  GeV, where E∗γ is the photon energy in the center-of-mass frame, we obtain ACP(¯B→Xs+dγ)=(2.2±3.9±0.9)%, consistent with the standard model prediction.


2015 - The Twentieth Annual Symposium Of Student Scholars Apr 2015

2015 - The Twentieth Annual Symposium Of Student Scholars

Symposium of Student Scholars Program Books

The full program book from the Twentieth Annual Symposium of Student Scholars, held on April 16, 2015. Includes abstracts from the presentations and posters.


The Ptolemaic System: A Detailed Synopsis, John Cramer Dr. Apr 2015

The Ptolemaic System: A Detailed Synopsis, John Cramer Dr.

Oglethorpe Journal of Undergraduate Research

The Ptolemaic System, constructed by Claudius Ptolemeus (the Latin form of his name), was the most influential of all Earth centered cosmological systems. His ingenious and creative work is primarily recorded in his book The Mathematical Systematic Treatise which the Arabs characterized as “the greatest” and, in so doing, gave the book its most used name, Almagest.


The Copernican System: A Detailed Synopsis, John Cramer Dr. Apr 2015

The Copernican System: A Detailed Synopsis, John Cramer Dr.

Oglethorpe Journal of Undergraduate Research

Dissatisfied with the problems of the geocentric system inherited from Claudius Ptolemy, Nicholas Copernicus began the change from geocentrism to heliocentrism. His eponymous system was expounded first in the Commentariolus (written about 1508 and circulated privately in manuscript form) and then more fully and finally in his book, De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Orbs) published as he lay dying in 1543.


The Top Quark Forward-Backward Asymmetry At Approximate N3lo, Nikolaos Kidonakis Apr 2015

The Top Quark Forward-Backward Asymmetry At Approximate N3lo, Nikolaos Kidonakis

Faculty and Research Publications

I calculate the top quark forward-backward asymmetry at the Tevatron in both the laboratory frame and the tt¯ rest frame. I show that soft-gluon corrections are the dominant contribution to the asymmetry and closely approximate exact results through next-tonext-to-leading order (NNLO). I present a calculation of the asymmetry including approximate next-to-next-to-next-to-leading-order (N3LO) soft-gluon contributions from next-tonext-to-leading-logarithm (NNLL) resummation as well as electroweak corrections. Thus approximate N3LO (aN3LO) results are obtained, which significantly enhance and improve previous NNLO results. The theoretical aN3LO result for the top quark forward-backward asymmetry at the Tevatron in the laboratory frame is (6.8±0.3)%, and in the …