Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The New Shiny Penny? Regenerative Agriculture Beliefs And Practices Among Portland's Urban Agriculturalists, Melia Ann Chase

Dissertations and Theses

Regenerative agriculture (RA) is a set of farming and land management practices intended to support or enhance soil health and carbon sequestration potential of soils while producing food, fiber, or other agricultural products. It has received broad acclaim from scholars, corporations, and governmental bodies as a potential means of sequestering carbon and mitigating climate change impacts. It has also received critique and pushback for its vague definition, shifting metrics, and lack of acknowledgement of the Indigenous practices underlying the modern suite of regenerative practices. The purpose of this research is to investigate the beliefs Portland, Oregon urban agricultural practitioners hold …

Reorganizing School Lunch For A More Just And Sustainable Food System In The Us, Jennifer Gaddis, Amy K. Coplen

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Public school lunch programs in the United States are contested political terrains shaped by government agencies, civil society activists, and agri-food companies. The particular organization of these programs has consequences for public health, social justice, and ecological sustainability. This contribution draws on political economy, critical food studies, and feminist economics to analyze the US National School Lunch Program, one of the world's oldest and largest government-sponsored school lunch programs. It makes visible the social and environmental costs of the "heat-and-serve" economy, where widely used metrics consider only the speed and volume of service as productive work. This study demonstrates that …

Managing Herbicide Resistance: Listening To The Perspectives Of The Practitioners, Jill Schroeder, David Shaw, Michael Barrett, Harold Coble, Amy Asmus, Raymond Jussaume, David E. Ervin

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Transdisciplinary Weed Research: New Leverage On Challenging Weed Problems?, N. Jordan, M. Schut, S. Grahan, J. N. Barney, D. Z. Childs, S. Christensen, R. D. Cousens, A. S. Davis, H. Eizenberg, David E. Ervin, C. Fernández-Quintanilla, L. J. Harrison, M. A. Harsch, S. Heijting, M. Liebman, D. Loddo, S. B. Mirsky, M. Riemens, P. Neve, D. A. Peltzer, M. Renton, M. Williams, J. Recasens, M. Sønderskov

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Transdisciplinary weed research (TWR) is a promising path to more effective management of challenging weed problems. We define TWR as an integrated process of inquiry and action that addresses complex weed problems in the context of broader efforts to improve economic, environmental and social aspects of ecosystem sustainability. TWR seeks to integrate scholarly and practical knowledge across many stakeholder groups (e.g. scientists, private sector, farmers and extension officers) and levels (e.g. local, regional and landscape). Furthermore, TWR features democratic and iterative processes of decision-making and collective action that aims to align the interests, viewpoints and agendas of a wide range …

Herbicide Resistance: Challenges For Farmers And Implications For The Environment, George Frisvold, David E. Ervin

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Genetically modified, herbicide resistant (HR) crops offer not only improved weed control, but also the potential to reduce soil erosion and fossil fuel use and to allow substitution toward less toxic or persistent herbicides. The widespread adoption of HR crops, however, has reduced the diversity of weed control tactics and increased ecological selection pressure for weeds resistant to dominant herbicides. This has led to a dramatic rise of HR weeds in many cropping systems. Resistant weeds threaten the sustainability of HR crops, pose environmental risks from alternative weed control practices, are altering public and private R&D programs, and necessitate new …

Experiential Knowledge And Interdisciplinary Approaches To Address Herbicide Resistance: Insights From Theory And Practice, David Shaw, David E. Ervin

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The exponential increase in herbicide resistant weeds around the globe poses a “wicked problem” that resists solutions developed from disciplinary science (Ervin and Jussaume; Shaw). Traditonal voluntary education and technical assistance approaches have failed to stem the advance of resistance. Scholars and practitioners recognize that improved understanding of human behavior leading to more resistant weeds must provide the foundation of knowledge for innovating more effective approaches. Principles to negotiate progress on wicked problems stress interdisciplinary approaches that integrate frontier social and natural science concepts with stakeholder experiences to discover novel approaches (Sayer et al). Standard templates to address the problem …

Interview With Candace Russo, Linus Pauling Institute, 2013 (Audio), Candace Russo

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Interview of Candace Russo by Kevin Foster in Corvallis, Oregon on May 31st, 2013.

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Interview With Carter Latendresse, Catlin Gabel School, 2013 (Audio), Carter Latendresse

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Interview of Carter Latendresse by Carmen Vigil at Catlin Gabel School on May 30th, 2013.

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Interview With Vida Shore, Alameda Elementary, 2013 (Audio), Vida Shore

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Interview of Vida Shore by Brianna Demko at Alameda Elementary in NE Portland, Oregon on May 24th, 2013.

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Interview With Jaylen Schmitt, Alameda Elementary, 2013 (Audio), Jaylen Schmitt

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Interview of Jaylen Schmitt by Brianna Demko at Alameda Elementary School in NE Portland, Oregon on May 24th, 2013.

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Interview With Linda Colwell, Eat, Think, Grow, 2013 (Audio), Linda Colwell

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Interview of Linda Colwell by Loraine Decker on May 24th, 2013.

Interview With Maggie Michaels, Portland Public Schools, 2013 (Audio), Maggie Michaels

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Interview of Maggie Michaels by Carmen Vigil in NE Portland, Oregon on May 23rd, 2013.

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Interview With Richard "Brick" Street, Grant High School, 2013 (Audio), Richard Street

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Interview of Richard "Brick" Street by Ciji Dieringer at Grant High School in Portland, Oregon on May 22nd, 2013.

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Interview With Nicole Hoffmann, Abernathy School, 2013 (Audio), Nicole Hoffmann

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Interview of Nicole Hoffmann by Nichole Bull at Portland State University on May 21st, 2013.

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Interview With Susan Wiencke, Madison High School, 2013 (Audio), Susan Wiencke

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Interview of Susan Wiencke by Ciji Dieringer on May 15th, 2013.

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Interview With Justin Davidson, Candy Lane Elementary, 2013 (Audio), Justin Davidson

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Interview of Justin Davidson by Nicole Bull at Candy Lane Elementary in Milwaukie, Oregon on May 15th, 2013.

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Interview With Courtney Leeds, Candy Lane Elementary, 2013 (Audio), Courtney Leeds

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Interview of Courtney Leeds by Nicole Bull at Candy Lane Elementary in Portland, Oregon on May 15th, 2013.

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Interview With Kristine Garnero Obbink, Portland Public School, 2013 (Audio), Kristine Garnero Obbink

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Interview of Kristine Garnero Obbink by Loraine Decker at 705 N. Killingsworth St., Portland, Oregon on May 14th, 2013.

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Interview With Julie Corpron, Raleigh Park Elementary Garden, 2013 (Audio), Julie Corpron

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Interview of Julie Corpron by Margret Harburg May 14th, 2013.

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The Theory And Practice Of Genetically Engineered Crops And Agricultural Sustainability, David E. Ervin, Leland L. Glenna, Raymond Adelard Jussaume

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

The development of genetically engineered (GE) crops has focused predominantly on enhancing conventional pest control approaches. Scientific assessments show that these GE crops generally deliver significant economic and some environmental benefits over their conventional crop alternatives. However, emerging evidence indicates that current GE crops will not foster sustainable cropping systems unless the negative environmental and social feedback effects are properly addressed. Moreover, GE crop innovations that promote more sustainable agricultural systems will receive underinvestment by seed and chemical companies that must understandably focus on private returns for major crops. Opportunities to promote crops that convey multi-faceted benefits for the environment …

Interview With Weston Miller, Osu Extension Service, 2011 (Audio), Weston Miller

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Interview of Weston Miller by Jan Steinbock in Portland, Oregon on August 3rd, 2011.

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Interview With Michelle Markesteyn-Ratcliffe, Oda, 2011, Michelle Markesteyn-Ratcliffe

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Interview of Michelle Markesteyn-Ratcliffe by Megan Rice in Portland, Oregon on May 10th, 2011.

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Are Biotechnology And Sustainable Agriculture Compatible?, David E. Ervin, Leland L. Glenna, Raymond Adelard Jussaume

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Agricultural biotechnology has been largely opposed by advocates in the sustainable agriculture movement, despite claims by the technology’s proponents that it holds the promise to deliver both production (economic) and environmental benefits, two legs of the sustainability stool. We argue in this paper that participants in this polarized debate are talking past each other because assumptions about biotechnology and sustainability remain simplistic and poorly defined. Genetically engineered (GE) herbicide-resistant and insect-resistant crop varieties are the most visible current forms of agricultural biotechnology, and thus the form of biotechnology that many in the sustainability movement react to. However, these crops represent …

Food Delivery Footprint: Addressing Transportation, Packaging, And Waste In The Food Supply Chain, Madeleine E. Pullman, Robin Fenske, Wayne Wakeland

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Transportation of food accounts for a significant fraction of the carbon dioxide emissions believed to be adversely impacting climate and the environment. And this impact is increasing as food supply chains become longer and more complex, and food packaging requirements lead to increased waste. Many organizations such as hospitals and upper level education are becoming increasingly concerned about sustainability. In this study, college, university, and hospital food purchasing behavior were assessed using interviews, surveys, and modeling to evaluate the environmental implications of decisions regarding food transportation and packaging. Current purchasing practices, corresponding transportation modes, packaging, recycling, and waste removal were …

Interview With Susan Stelljes, Woodlawn Community Garden, 2010 (Audio), Susan Stelljes

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Interview of Susan Stellijess by Stephanie Mackey on March 6th, 2010.

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Interview With Sonja Andreas, Mccoy Gardens, 2010 (Audio), Sonja Andreas

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Interview of Sonja Andreas by Ian McCreary in Portland, Oregon on March 5, 2010.

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Interview With John Witte, Tenino Farms, 2010 (Audio), John Witte

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Interview of John Witte by Steve Rosin at Portland, Oregon on March 1st, 2010.

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Interview With Allejandro Tecum, Adelante Mujeres, 2010 (Audio), Allejandro Tecum

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Interview of Allejandro Tecum by Adam Villareal at Forest Grove, Oregon on February 25th, 2010.

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Interview With Darrell Sanders, Cully Community Garden, 2010 (Audio), Darrell Sanders

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Interview of Darrell Sanders by Jeremy Cohen in Portland, Oregon on February 20th, 2010.

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Genetically Engineering Crops For A Sustainable Agriculture, David E. Ervin, Rick Welsh

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The article examines the role of genetically engineered (GE) crops in fostering a more sustainable agriculture. An overview of the National Academy of Sciences metal study of the impacts of GE crops on farm sustainability in the U.S. is given. The two types of GE crops are discussed, one which produces its own insecticide called insect resistant (IR) crops and the other is engineered to resist particular herbicides. An explanation for sustainable agriculture is also presented.