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- Acoustic deterrence (1)
- Age structure (1)
- Agent-based model (1)
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- Body size decline (1)
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- Data assimilation (1)
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- Two-proportion Z-test (1)
Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A Statistical Analysis Of The Change In Age Distribution Of Spawning Hatchery Salmon, Rachel Macaulay, Emily Barrett, Grace Penunuri, Eli E. Goldwyn
A Statistical Analysis Of The Change In Age Distribution Of Spawning Hatchery Salmon, Rachel Macaulay, Emily Barrett, Grace Penunuri, Eli E. Goldwyn
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
Declines in salmon sizes have been reported primarily as a result of younger maturation rates. This change in age distribution poses serious threats to salmon-dependent peoples and ecological systems. We perform a statistical analysis to examine the change in age structure of spawning Alaskan chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha using 30 years of hatchery data. To highlight the impacts of this change, we investigate the average number of fry/smolt that each age of spawning chum/Chinook salmon produce. Our findings demonstrate an increase in younger hatchery salmon populations returning to spawn, and fewer amounts of fry produced …
Mathematically Modeling Prey-Catching Behavior Of The Tomato Frog, Conrad Tyler, Sarah Marzen, Jenna Monroy
Mathematically Modeling Prey-Catching Behavior Of The Tomato Frog, Conrad Tyler, Sarah Marzen, Jenna Monroy
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
Many microhylid frog species, such as the tomato frog, Dyscophus sp., have demonstrated the ability to aim their tongues independently of head and jaw movements. However, a trade-off between tongue-aiming and head-only aiming exists in which the former allows for crypsis but lacks speed whereas the latter is faster but less accurate and more noticeable to prey. For frogs that can move their tongues independently of their heads, under what circumstances will they utilize each strategy, and why? We derive a model, dependent on factors relevant for prey-catching, for the probability the frog will turn its head (and not …
Empirical Fitting Of Periodically Repeating Environmental Data, Pavel Bělík, Andrew Hotchkiss, Brandon Perez, John Zobitz
Empirical Fitting Of Periodically Repeating Environmental Data, Pavel Bělík, Andrew Hotchkiss, Brandon Perez, John Zobitz
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
We extend and generalize an approach to conduct fitting models of periodically repeating data. Our method first detrends the data from a baseline function and then fits the data to a periodic (trigonometric, polynomial, or piecewise linear) function. The polynomial and piecewise linear functions are developed from assumptions of continuity and differentiability across each time period. We apply this approach to different datasets in the environmental sciences in addition to a synthetic dataset. Overall the polynomial and piecewise linear approaches developed here performed as good (or better) compared to the trigonometric approach when evaluated using statistical measures (R2 …
Predicting Tumor Response To Radiotherapy Based On Estimation Of Non-Treatment Parameters, Yutian Huang, Allison L. Lewis
Predicting Tumor Response To Radiotherapy Based On Estimation Of Non-Treatment Parameters, Yutian Huang, Allison L. Lewis
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
Though clinicians can now collect detailed information about a variety of tumor characteristics as a tumor evolves, it remains difficult to predict the efficacy of a given treatment prior to administration. Additionally, the process of data collection may be invasive and expensive. Thus, the creation of a framework for predicting patient response to treatment using only information collected prior to the start of treatment could be invaluable. In this study, we employ ordinary differential equation models for tumor growth and utilize synthetic data from a cellular automaton model for calibration. We investigate which parameters have the most influence upon treatment …
Analysis Of An Agent-Based Model For Predicting The Behavior Of Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys Nobilis) Under The Influence Of Acoustic Deterrence, Craig Garzella, Joseph Gaudy, Karl R. B. Schmitt, Arezu Mansuri
Analysis Of An Agent-Based Model For Predicting The Behavior Of Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys Nobilis) Under The Influence Of Acoustic Deterrence, Craig Garzella, Joseph Gaudy, Karl R. B. Schmitt, Arezu Mansuri
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
Bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) are an invasive, voracious, highly fecund species threatening the ecological integrity of the Great Lakes. This agent-based model and analysis explore bighead carp behavior in response to acoustic deterrence in an effort to discover properties that increase likelihood of deterrence system failure. Results indicate the most significant (p < 0.05) influences on barrier failure are the quantity of detritus and plankton behind the barrier, total number of bighead carp successfully deterred by the barrier, and number of native fishes freely moving throughout the simulation. Quantity of resources behind the barrier influence bighead carp to penetrate when populations are resource deprived. When native fish populations are low, an accumulation of phytoplankton can occur, increasing the likelihood of an algal bloom occurrence. Findings of this simulation suggest successful implementation with proper maintenance of an acoustic deterrence system has potential of abating the threat of bighead carp on ecological integrity of the Great Lakes.
Modeling Mayfly Nymph Length Distribution And Population Dynamics Across A Gradient Of Stream Temperatures And Stream Types, Jeremy Anthony, Jennifer Baccam, Imanuel Bier, Emily Gregg, Leif Halverson, Ryan Mulcahy, Emmanuel Okanla, Samira A. Osman, Adam R. Pancoast, Kevin C. Schultz, Alex Sushko, Jennifer Vorarath, Yia Vue, Austin Wagner, Emily Gaenzle Schilling, John M. Zobitz
Modeling Mayfly Nymph Length Distribution And Population Dynamics Across A Gradient Of Stream Temperatures And Stream Types, Jeremy Anthony, Jennifer Baccam, Imanuel Bier, Emily Gregg, Leif Halverson, Ryan Mulcahy, Emmanuel Okanla, Samira A. Osman, Adam R. Pancoast, Kevin C. Schultz, Alex Sushko, Jennifer Vorarath, Yia Vue, Austin Wagner, Emily Gaenzle Schilling, John M. Zobitz
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
We analyze a process-based temperature model for the length distribution and population over time of mayfly nymphs. Model parameters are estimated using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo parameter estimation method utilizing length distribution data at five different stream sites. Two different models (a standard exponential model and a modified Weibull model) of mayfly mortality are evaluated, where in both cases mayfly length growth is a function of stream temperature. Based on model-data comparisons to the modeled length distribution and the Bayesian Information Criterion, we found that approaches that length distribution data can reliably estimate 2–3 model parameters. Future model development …