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Articles 1 - 30 of 64
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Role Of Environmental Analogs In Identifying Potentially Invasive Woody Plants In Iowa, Mark P. Widrlechner
The Role Of Environmental Analogs In Identifying Potentially Invasive Woody Plants In Iowa, Mark P. Widrlechner
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Americans cultivate a large and diverse range of introduced woody plants as important sources of food and forest products, as well as for urban horticulture, amenity and wildlife plantings, and windbreaks. A small number of these species have become serious pests, disrupting well-established native plant communities or functioning as range and agricultural weeds. More of these species are not serious pests today, but have escaped cultivation and serve as potential sources of future outbreaks. Two other sources of potentially invasive woody plants are found among species that are not or are only rarely cultivated, about which we often know little …
Invasive Species In Iowa: An Introduction, James J. Dinsmore, Neil P. Bernstein
Invasive Species In Iowa: An Introduction, James J. Dinsmore, Neil P. Bernstein
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Concern over the increasing spread of invasive species and the potential impacts of those species on native communities has been the subject of several books and hundreds of research papers in recent years. President Clinton's Executive Order on invasive species in February1999 raised national attention to this issue. Natural resource agencies have been plagued by an ever-increasing number of invasive species and now consider this issue the second most important problem (after habitat loss) in their fight to maintain some semblance of natural communities on this planet. One group of experts estimated that in the United States alone, invasives cost …
War On Weeds: Winning It For Natural Areas, Jerry E. Asher
War On Weeds: Winning It For Natural Areas, Jerry E. Asher
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
I am delighted to be here with you today to discuss the rapidly accelerating damage that invasive exotic plants are inflicting on natural areas in this country. This problem may seem overwhelming, but you need not despair because there are economical, realistic, and effective strategies available to meet this challenge.
There are two purposes to this presentation: to give you information you can use to convince others that invasive exotic plants are seriously harmful, and to suggest that we can win this war on invasive exotic plants if we engage enough of the right people.
An Overview And Management Plan Of Iowa's Non-Native, Invasive, Terrestrial Forbs, Deborah Q. Lewis, Richard O. Pope
An Overview And Management Plan Of Iowa's Non-Native, Invasive, Terrestrial Forbs, Deborah Q. Lewis, Richard O. Pope
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Non-native, invasive forb species have been a problem in Iowa since the earliest decades of Iowa's European settlement. The history of studies of Iowa's invasive plants began with L. H. Pammel, and these studies continue to present. Three tables cite the occurrence of many of these species in the state, with Table 1 listing 93 non-native forbs reported by Pammel, Table 2 citing ten invasive forbs of natural areas, and Table 3 adding 38 observed or potential aggressive species of Iowa's anthropogenic and natural areas.
There has been a divergence of interest and research in the management of invasive species …
Iowa's Non-Native Graminoids, Thomas R. Rosburg
Iowa's Non-Native Graminoids, Thomas R. Rosburg
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Iowa's non-native graminoids include 60 species of grasses and one species of bulrush. The exotic grass species comprise a large proportion (about 31%) of the total species richness of grasses in Iowa, which are second only to the Asteraceae in terms of total species. About half of the non-native graminoids (52%) occur sporadically and form sparse, non-invasive populations, while eighteen species (about 30%) are commonly encountered in large populations throughout the state. About 60% are annuals and a large majority (89%) has been introduced from either Europe or Asia. The C3 photosynthetic pathway is prevalent, occurring in approximately two-thirds of …
Eurasian Watermilfoil: Status And Management In Iowa, Gary S. Phillips
Eurasian Watermilfoil: Status And Management In Iowa, Gary S. Phillips
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
In 1993, Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) was discovered in Crystal Lake, Hancock County, Iowa. During the next three years, new infestations were discovered by the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) fisheries personnel in four Iowa lakes. In July 1996, a program was established by the IDNR to address the threat posed by Eurasian watermilfoil to Iowa's aquatic ecosystems. As part of the Eurasian Watermilfoil Program, statewide aquatic vegetation monitoring was begun to identify those lakes currently infested with Eurasian watermilfoil. Monitoring activities were conducted by IDNR field technicians during the summers of 1996 through 2000. During this time …
Non-Native Amphibians And Reptiles In Iowa, James L. Christiansen
Non-Native Amphibians And Reptiles In Iowa, James L. Christiansen
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Only a few species appear as introductions into Iowa in the last 30 years. The bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, was systematically introduced along with fish stocked from hatcheries in the 1930s and this species continues to spread in northern Iowa where it poses a hazard to smaller frogs. Turtles sold as pets, primarily map turtles (Graptemys pseudogeographica and G. geographica) and red-eared turtles (Trachemys scripta) continue to be found in scattered ponds, usually rural, throughout the state. The eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolma) has been reported in or on the edge of most major Iowa cities even though no breeding population …
Index For The Journal Of The Iowa Academy Of Science Volume 108 And Erratum
Index For The Journal Of The Iowa Academy Of Science Volume 108 And Erratum
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors
Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
Introduced Fungi: Some Cause Significant Plant Disease Problems, Lois H. Tiffany
Introduced Fungi: Some Cause Significant Plant Disease Problems, Lois H. Tiffany
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Species of the three groups of fungi characterized here on the basis of their energy source acquisition have differing potentials for becoming problem organisms following introduction as alien fungi new to Iowa. The decomposer group of fungi that obtain an energy supply by action of extracellular enzyme activity on dead plant tissues typically have perennial mycelium, are cosmopolitan in distribution, and are unlikely to become problems even if established. The second group, the mycorrhizal/lichen group are highly specific in their relationships. The mycorrhizal fungus group have a potential for being introduced as mycorrhiza already established with the roots of particular …
More Than A Century Of Change In The Ames, Iowa Flora (1859-2000), William R. Norris, Mark P. Widrlechner, Deborah Q. Lewis, Jimmie D. Thompson, Richard O. Pope
More Than A Century Of Change In The Ames, Iowa Flora (1859-2000), William R. Norris, Mark P. Widrlechner, Deborah Q. Lewis, Jimmie D. Thompson, Richard O. Pope
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
We compared two floras compiled in Ames, Iowa: (1) an "historic" flora based on two published floras (1871, 1890) and on 1450 herbarium voucher specimens of plants collected in Ames between 1859 and 1899, and (2) a "current" flora compiled by us during recent fieldwork (1990-2000). Our goals were to determine 1) long-term changes in composition (i.e., the proportion of native species) over time, 2) long-term changes in the abundance of individual plant species over time, and 3) the extent of gains and losses of native and non-native plant species. We found that the proportion of native species declined over …
Exotic And Invasive Woody Plant Species In Iowa, Donald R. Farrar
Exotic And Invasive Woody Plant Species In Iowa, Donald R. Farrar
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Seventy species and hybrids of exotic woody trees, shrubs, and vines have naturalized in Iowa. Nearly half of these species (31) have become invasive pests in parts of the state or have potential do so. Most of the seriously invasive species are spread by bird ingestion of whole fruits. Widespread dispersal by birds hinders eradication efforts and should be considered a trait indicative of potential invasiveness. The economic and ecological values of Iowa forests are seriously compromised by exotic invasive woody species, especially where forests recovering from cropland and pasture are dominated by exotic species. Thus, a simple measure of …
Forest Invasives In Iowa: Current Problems And Future Issues, John Walkowiak, John Haanstad
Forest Invasives In Iowa: Current Problems And Future Issues, John Walkowiak, John Haanstad
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Iowa's forest resources of primarily deciduous trees covers over 0.8 million hectares (2 million acres) of upland and floodplain sites too steep or too wet for traditional row crop agriculture. These limited natural forests along with urban trees and shelterbelts plantings of trees are critical for environmental and economic enhancement in the state. Although not yet established in the state, exotic insects, such as gypsy moth, Asian longhorned beetle, and pine shoot beetle, threaten native tree vitality. Established exotic diseases such as oak wilt and Dutch elm disease continue to plague the survival of Iowa's oak and elm resources, respectively. …
Cover - Table Of Contents
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
Purple Loosestrife: History, Management, And Biological Control In Iowa, Amy P. Wiebe, John J. Obrycki
Purple Loosestrife: History, Management, And Biological Control In Iowa, Amy P. Wiebe, John J. Obrycki
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) is an invasive plant species infesting wetlands in North America. Biodiversity and wetland habitat quality are reduced following purple loosestrife establishment. Several management tactics, including cultural, mechanical, and chemical controls, have had limited success in reducing the spread of purple loosestrife. Beginning in the 1990s, a biological control program has introduced several species of natural enemies from Europe that feed on purple loosestrife. Since 1994, Iowa State University has reared and released two species of beetles that feed on purple loosestrife, Galerucella calmariensis and G. pusilla. Biological control is one component of an integrated purple loosestrife …
Ecological Problems With Iowa's Invasive And Introduced Fishes, Neil P. Bernstein, John R. Olson
Ecological Problems With Iowa's Invasive And Introduced Fishes, Neil P. Bernstein, John R. Olson
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Since the time of European settlement, at least 59 non-indigenous fish species have been introduced, reached, or moved within Iowa waters. At least 28 nonnative fish species have been introduced into, or reported from Iowa waters since settlement. Of that number, 10 are established at this time through natural reproduction. In addition, many species of native fishes have been translocated within the state, and we provide documentation for 31 of these species. Two translocated species, gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) and yellow bass (Marone mississippiensis), have had adverse impacts on Iowa's aquatic ecosystems. While many introductions are thought to be benign, …
Invasive Birds In Iowa: Status, Problems, And Threats, James J. Dinsmore
Invasive Birds In Iowa: Status, Problems, And Threats, James J. Dinsmore
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
A total of 18 invasive bird species has been introduced into or have expanded their range to include Iowa. These include ten non-North American species, one North American species that has been displaced and now is established in Iowa, and seven native species that have been released to reestablish Iowa populations. Twelve of those are regularly occurring species in Iowa, and they comprise 3.0% (12 of 404) of the species known from Iowa and 5% (10 of 199) of Iowa's nesting avifauna. These percentages are similar to those found in neighboring states. Several more species are likely to become established …
History And Development Of The Eurasian Watermilfoil Program In Iowa, Gary S. Phillips
History And Development Of The Eurasian Watermilfoil Program In Iowa, Gary S. Phillips
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Following a concerted effort by citizens of the Iowa Great Lakes area to address the threat posed by Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) to waterbodies in Iowa, the Iowa Eurasian Watermilfoil Law was passed in 1996 by the Iowa legislature. Passage of this law led to the establishment of the Eurasian Watermilfoil Program in July 1996 to address the requirements specified by this legislation. Since establishment of the Eurasian Watermilfoil Program, numerous activities have been carried out to address the threat posed to aquatic ecosystems by Eurasian watermilfoil. These include public awareness and education, boat access monitoring, aquatic vegetation monitoring, …
Table Of Contents Volume 12, Number 3/4, Fall 2001, Risk Editorial Board
Table Of Contents Volume 12, Number 3/4, Fall 2001, Risk Editorial Board
RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)
Table of contents for the journal RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (ISSN: 1073-8673)
Public Reaction To Mandated Language For U.S. Drinking Water Quality Reports, Branden B. Johnson
Public Reaction To Mandated Language For U.S. Drinking Water Quality Reports, Branden B. Johnson
RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)
The author discusses results of a survey evaluating the mandated language for United States drinking water quality reports.
Review Of: Social Trust And The Management Of Risk (George Cvetkovich & Ragnar E. Loftstedt, Eds.), Mahua Roy Chowdhury
Review Of: Social Trust And The Management Of Risk (George Cvetkovich & Ragnar E. Loftstedt, Eds.), Mahua Roy Chowdhury
RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)
Review of the book: Social Trust and the Management of Risk (George Cvetkovich & Ragnar E. Löfstedt, eds., Earthscan Publications Ltd. 1999). Tables, Figures, and Boxes, Acronyms and Abbreviations, Forward, Preface, Introduction, References, Index. ISBN 1-85383-604-4 [196 pp. $25.00. Paperback, 120 Pentonville Road, London, NI 9JN UK].
Journalists' Views Of The Environment: Issues And Challenges, Bernadette West, Jane Lewis, Michael Greenberg
Journalists' Views Of The Environment: Issues And Challenges, Bernadette West, Jane Lewis, Michael Greenberg
RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)
In advocating the use of an environmental handbook for journalists, the authors report on a survey of reporters and editors regarding salient environmental issues in different regions of the United States and e emphasis placed on environmental reporting in newsrooms.
Review Of: Eckard Kämper, Decision Making Under Risk In Organisations: The Case Of German Waste Management, Jeremy S. Cleverly
Review Of: Eckard Kämper, Decision Making Under Risk In Organisations: The Case Of German Waste Management, Jeremy S. Cleverly
RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)
Review of the book: Eckard K-Kämper, Decision Making Under Risk in Organisations: The Case of German Waste Management (Ashgate Publishing Co. 2000). Preface, Acknowledgements, Bibliography. ISBN 0-7546-1434-4 [183 pp. $69.95. Hardbound, 131 Main Street, Burlington, VT 05401- 5600].
Trends. Cognitive Dissonance And Conflation Of Patriotism And Political Advocacy: On The Secrecy Of The Intelligence Budget, Ibpp Editor
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
This article discusses the views of the Federation of American Scientists (FAS) regarding the budgeting practices of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
Burning And Burying In Connecticut: Are Regional Solutions To Solid Waste Disposal Equitable?, Timothy Black, John A. Stewart
Burning And Burying In Connecticut: Are Regional Solutions To Solid Waste Disposal Equitable?, Timothy Black, John A. Stewart
New England Journal of Public Policy
To comply with federal legislation, states throughout the country are replacing old town dumps with a regional system for municipal solid waste disposal.This system includes trash-to-energy incinerators and ash landfills as well as recycling and reduction facilities. While these new types of facilities are expected to be environmentally safer, they have concentrated the disposal process of waste generated throughout the state in fewer locations. State leaders champion the use of newer, cleaner disposal methods, while local community groups complain that they have become the dumping grounds for the state. This is the first environmental equity study to examine whether these …
Table Of Contents Volume 12, Number 1/2, Spring 2001, Risk Editorial Board
Table Of Contents Volume 12, Number 1/2, Spring 2001, Risk Editorial Board
RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)
Table of contents for the journal RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (ISSN: 1073-8673)
Japanese, U.S Tourists: Hotel Selections, Minho Cho
Japanese, U.S Tourists: Hotel Selections, Minho Cho
Hospitality Review
The author reports the results of an exploratory study concerning the importance placed on attributes of hotel selection by Japanese and American guests and cultural differences between these two groups, which represent the largest market for Korean international tourist hotels. The findings suggest that Hofstede's (1960) four dimensions of cultural values can be used to help marketers better understand their guest's hotel selection criteria.
The Reasonable Man On Tour, Laurence D. Gore
The Reasonable Man On Tour, Laurence D. Gore
Hospitality Review
The "reasonable man" standard is one to which all rational persons should subscribe. The author relates the standard to the travel industry and the fate of travels.