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The Two-Faced Nature Of Small Heat Shock Proteins: Amyloid Assembly And The Inhibition Of Fibril Formation. Relevance To Disease States, Heath W. Ecroyd, S Meehan, John A. Carver
The Two-Faced Nature Of Small Heat Shock Proteins: Amyloid Assembly And The Inhibition Of Fibril Formation. Relevance To Disease States, Heath W. Ecroyd, S Meehan, John A. Carver
Heath Ecroyd
The ability of small heat-shock proteins (sHsps) such as alphaB-crystallin to inhibit the amorphous (disordered) aggregation of varied target proteins in a chaperone-like manner has been well described. The mechanistic details of this action are not understood. Amyloid fibril formation is an alternative off-folding pathway that leads to highly ordered beta-sheet-containing aggregates. Amyloid fibril formation is associated with a broad range of protein conformational diseases such as Alzhiemer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's and sHsp expression is elevated in the protein deposits that are characteristic of these disease states. The ability of sHsps to prevent fibril formation has been less well characterised. …
Carbanions: Formation, Structure And Thermochemistry, Stephen J. Blanksby, John H. Bowie
Carbanions: Formation, Structure And Thermochemistry, Stephen J. Blanksby, John H. Bowie
Stephen Blanksby
This chapter deals with even-electron carbanions: their formation, structure and thermochemical properties in the gas phase. There are a number of excellent reviews already available on the chemistry of carbanions: these discuss in the main, reactivity and anion molecule chemistry.1-4 In this chapter we focus primarily on the formation, structure and thermochemistry of simple hydrocarbon anions while other chapters in this encyclopaedia cover the broader aspects of carbanion chemistry (see Volume 1, “Strained Ring and Highly Basic Carbanions” and this volume, Reactions of Organic Molecules with Organic Ions: “Reactions of Anions with Carbonyl Centres: C–C Bond Forming Reactions”, and Unimolecular …