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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Proximity Of Water Affects Grazing Distribution And Soil Nutrient Cycling, J R. Gerrish, P R. Peterson, F A. Martz
Proximity Of Water Affects Grazing Distribution And Soil Nutrient Cycling, J R. Gerrish, P R. Peterson, F A. Martz
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
A three-year study was conducted to quantify the effects of travel distance to water on pasture utilization rate and soil nutrient gradients. A 64 ha unit was divided into 16 4 ha pastures having maximum travel distances ranging from 250 to 450 m. Temporal utilization rate (UR) and soil nutrient levels were determined at 30 m intervals beginning at the water source. Temporal UR significantly declined beyond 250 m in all pastures having travel distances exceeding 250 m while pastures with less than 250 m travel distance were uniformly grazed. Increased nutrient level gradients beginning within 60 m of water …
Integrated Dairy Waste Management, Water Quality And Crop Utilization System, D R. Ivers, P D. Clayton, R H. Beck, G W. Randall, L J. Greub, M A. Schmitt, W F. Wedin
Integrated Dairy Waste Management, Water Quality And Crop Utilization System, D R. Ivers, P D. Clayton, R H. Beck, G W. Randall, L J. Greub, M A. Schmitt, W F. Wedin
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Livestock-crop farmers have very limited opportunities to efficiently utilize manure in an environmentally safe manner during the cropgrowing season. In this study, dairy manure slurry was surfaceapplied over a two year period on reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.), a perennial grass cover (living filter) at one location each in Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. Public and private (University and Cenex/Land O’Lakes) research and development capabilities were coupled to request and receive funding from a nationally-mandated program on water quality (United States Department of Agriculture). The primary objective was to study factors which impinge upon acceptable ground water quality using a …
Benefits Of Applying Cow Slurry In Bands Beneath Grass Canopies, S Bittman, C G. Kowalenko, O Schmidt, D E. Hunt
Benefits Of Applying Cow Slurry In Bands Beneath Grass Canopies, S Bittman, C G. Kowalenko, O Schmidt, D E. Hunt
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Efficient methods of application may enable dairy producers to use slurry manure as aoereplacement for inorganic nitrogen on grassland. This study compares the effect of slurry applied in bands beneath the grass canopy (drag-shoe) with a broadcast of slurry on top of the canopy (splash-plate), and with fertilizer nitrogen on yield of grass. Trials were conducted in spring, summer and fall of 1995 on established tall fescue in south-coastal B.C. Slurry manure was applied by drag-shoe or splash-plate at 50 and 100 kg ha-1 (nominally), at start of grass regrowth or 7-8 days later. A range of rates of NH4NO3 …
Effect Of Animal Manure On Forage Yield And Quality Of Pangolagrass And Soil Fertility, Fu‐Hsing Hsu, Kuoyuan Hong, C. H. Hsieh
Effect Of Animal Manure On Forage Yield And Quality Of Pangolagrass And Soil Fertility, Fu‐Hsing Hsu, Kuoyuan Hong, C. H. Hsieh
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Animal wastes may cause environmental pollution. Lu & Hsu (2004) reported that N utilisation in the manure by pangolagrass was 10-28%. Objectives of this study were to determine the effect of animal manure on forage yield and quality of pangolagrass and soil fertility.
Supplementation Of Cattle With Rock Phosphate And Urea Treated Straw To Improve Manure Quality And Crop Yields In The Sahel Zone Of Senegal, Maimouna Cissé, M. N’Diaye, C. M. N'Dione
Supplementation Of Cattle With Rock Phosphate And Urea Treated Straw To Improve Manure Quality And Crop Yields In The Sahel Zone Of Senegal, Maimouna Cissé, M. N’Diaye, C. M. N'Dione
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Mineral deficiencies are a major constraint in improving animal production and crop yield in the Sahel zone (Cissé et al., 1996). Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) are two major food and cash crops in this zone. The purpose of this study was to assess effects of supplementing grazing cattle with rock phosphate and nitrogen enriched diets on animal performances, and the effects of the application of their manure on crop yield in a pearl millet-groundnut rotational system located in N Senegal.
Supplementation Of Cattle With Rock Phosphate And Urea Treated Straw To Improve Manure Quality And Crop Yields In The Sahel Zone Of Senegal, Maimouna Cissé, M. N’Diaye, C. M. N’Dione
Supplementation Of Cattle With Rock Phosphate And Urea Treated Straw To Improve Manure Quality And Crop Yields In The Sahel Zone Of Senegal, Maimouna Cissé, M. N’Diaye, C. M. N’Dione
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Mineral deficiencies are a major constraint in improving animal production and crop yield in the Sahel zone (Cissé et al., 1996). Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea,) are two major food and cash crops in this zone. The purpose of this study was to assess effects of supplementing grazing cattle with rock phosphate and nitrogen enriched diets on animal performances, and the effects of the application of their manure on crop yield in a pearl millet-groundnut rotational system located in N Senegal.
Diet Effects On Dairy Manure Nitrogen Excretion And Cycling, J. M. Powell, T. H. Misselbrook
Diet Effects On Dairy Manure Nitrogen Excretion And Cycling, J. M. Powell, T. H. Misselbrook
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The amount and forms of (nitrogen) N excreted by ruminant livestock and post excretion manure N cycling are highly influenced by what is fed. For example, the relative amount of urinary N, faecal endogenous N of microbial and gut origin, and faecal undigested feed N is affected by how much dietary fibre and secondary compounds (e.g., tannins, polyphneolics) are consumed. Each manure N component has a different propensity for loss; for example via ammonia (NH3) volatilisation (Misselbrook et al., 2004), leaching, and cycles differently in the soil-plant continuum (Powell, 2003). We evaluated dairy diet effects on amount and forms …
Multi-Year Application Of Dairy Slurry On Grassland: Effects On Crop, Soil Biota, Soil Nutrients, And N2O Emission, Shabtai Bittman, C. G. Kowalenko, D. E. Hunt, N. Patni, J. Paul, D. Raworth, J. Hountin, T. A. Forge, C. M. Monreal, O. Schmidt
Multi-Year Application Of Dairy Slurry On Grassland: Effects On Crop, Soil Biota, Soil Nutrients, And N2O Emission, Shabtai Bittman, C. G. Kowalenko, D. E. Hunt, N. Patni, J. Paul, D. Raworth, J. Hountin, T. A. Forge, C. M. Monreal, O. Schmidt
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The long-term effects of using manure as the principal nutrient source in intensive crop production systems are not well known. This paper reports on the effects of multi-year application of fertilizer or dairy slurry on a tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) sward. Slurry sustained greater grass yield than chemical fertilizer. Unlike fertilizer, slurry supplied 70 to 120 kg N/ha one year after application but little after one year; 4-years of manure applications built up the stable organic matter pool in the soil. Manure-N was less prone to leaching but more prone to N2O emissions than fertilizer-N. Manured …
Improvement Of Manure Quality And Crop Yields By Cattle Supplementation, Maimouna Cissé, M. Diaye, C. M. Dione
Improvement Of Manure Quality And Crop Yields By Cattle Supplementation, Maimouna Cissé, M. Diaye, C. M. Dione
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Residue Effects Of Animal Manures On Forage Production And Soil Fertility After Receiving Longterm Of Manure Application, Fu‐Hsing Hsu, Kuoyuan Hong, Chihsin Lu
Residue Effects Of Animal Manures On Forage Production And Soil Fertility After Receiving Longterm Of Manure Application, Fu‐Hsing Hsu, Kuoyuan Hong, Chihsin Lu
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Fertilisation Strategies For Sown Organic Pasture In The Mediterranean Mountains Of Northeast Portugal, J. M. Pires, M. Rodrigues, M. Arrobas, J. Pires, N. Moreira
Fertilisation Strategies For Sown Organic Pasture In The Mediterranean Mountains Of Northeast Portugal, J. M. Pires, M. Rodrigues, M. Arrobas, J. Pires, N. Moreira
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
The Significance Of Nomadic Pastoralism For Sustaining Soil Fertility In Northern Karnataka, India, Athani B., Gopikrishna, N. Kuruba
The Significance Of Nomadic Pastoralism For Sustaining Soil Fertility In Northern Karnataka, India, Athani B., Gopikrishna, N. Kuruba
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Pastoralist groups in India, including the Raika of Rajasthan, Pullikulum cattle breeders in Tamil Nadu, and groups such as the Dhangar, Kuruba and Kuruma of the Deccan Plateau realize a major proportion of their income from penning their herds and flocks on farmers’ fields. Focusing on shepherds from Northern Karnataka, this paper makes a first attempt at calculating the impact of penning on livelihoods, soil fertility and the national economy.
Yield And N Recovery By Grass Species In Response To Long Term Applications Of Manure And Mineral Fertilizer In A Cool Maritime Climate, Shabtai Bittman, Derek Hunt
Yield And N Recovery By Grass Species In Response To Long Term Applications Of Manure And Mineral Fertilizer In A Cool Maritime Climate, Shabtai Bittman, Derek Hunt
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Liquid manure is an important source of nutrients on many modern dairy farms. Nitrogen (N) use efficiency of slurry is usually less than chemical fertilizer, but the difference is less when tested in trials lasting at least 7 years than in short term trials (Schröder et al., 2007). The efficiency of slurry manure N can be improved by minimizing loss of ammonia after application using low emission applicators. In grass stands where injection is impractical, mitigation methods often involve spreading the slurry in narrow bands directly on the soil surface. Losses of N as ammonia, nitrous oxide and leaching have …
Biological Lignocellulose Solubilization: Comparative Evaluation Of Biocatalysts And Enhancement Via Cotreatment, Julie M. D. Paye, Anna Guseva, Sarah K. Hammer, Erica Gjersing
Biological Lignocellulose Solubilization: Comparative Evaluation Of Biocatalysts And Enhancement Via Cotreatment, Julie M. D. Paye, Anna Guseva, Sarah K. Hammer, Erica Gjersing
Dartmouth Scholarship
Feedstock recalcitrance is the most important barrier impeding cost-effective production of cellulosic biofuels. Pioneer commercial cellulosic ethanol facilities employ thermochemical pretreatment and addition of fungal cellulase, reflecting the main research emphasis in the field. However, it has been suggested that it may be possible to process cellulosic biomass without thermochemical pretreatment using thermophilic, cellulolytic bacteria. To further explore this idea, we examine the ability of various biocatalysts to solubilize autoclaved but otherwise unpretreated cellulosic biomass under controlled but not industrial conditions.
Liquid Swine Manure Application Timing And Instincttm Impacts On Net Soil Nitrogen Mineralization And Corn Yield, Min Xu
Open Access Theses
Nitrogen (N) is one of the most expensive variable input costs for corn production. Optimized manure management is essential to ensure maximum crop N utilization and to reduce the risk of N loss. A field study was conducted in central Indiana from 2011-2013 to assess liquid swine ( Sus scrofa L.) manure N availability when applied at different times or co-applied with InstinctTM , a microencapsulated form of nitrapyrin. Soil inorganic N contents, soil N mineralization, corn yield, grain N content, whole plant N concentrations of corn at the V6 growth stage, and ear leaf N concentrations of corn at …