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- Optics (5)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 91
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Acoustically Levitated Whispering-Gallery Mode Microlasers, H. M. Reynoso-De La Cruz, E. D. Hernández-Campos, E. Ortiz-Ricardo, A. Martínez-Borquez, I. Rosas-Román, V. Contreras, G. Ramos-Ortiz, B. Mendoza-Santoyo, Cecilia Zurita-Lopez, R. Castro-Beltrán
Acoustically Levitated Whispering-Gallery Mode Microlasers, H. M. Reynoso-De La Cruz, E. D. Hernández-Campos, E. Ortiz-Ricardo, A. Martínez-Borquez, I. Rosas-Román, V. Contreras, G. Ramos-Ortiz, B. Mendoza-Santoyo, Cecilia Zurita-Lopez, R. Castro-Beltrán
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Acoustic levitation has become a crucial technique for contactless manipulation in several fields, particularly in biological applications. However, its application in the photonics field remains largely unexplored. In this study, we implement an affordable and innovative phased-array levitator that enables stable trapping in the air of micrometer dye-doped droplets, thereby enabling the creation of microlasers. For the first time, this paper presents a detailed performance of the levitated microlaser cavity, supported by theoretical analysis concerning the hybrid technology based on the combination of whispering-gallery modes and acoustic fields. The pressure field distribution inside the acoustic cavity is numerically solved and …
Adaptive Plasmonic Metasurfaces For Radiative Cooling And Passive Thermoregulation, Azadeh Didari-Bader, Nooshin M. Estakhri, Nasim Mohammadi Estrakhri
Adaptive Plasmonic Metasurfaces For Radiative Cooling And Passive Thermoregulation, Azadeh Didari-Bader, Nooshin M. Estakhri, Nasim Mohammadi Estrakhri
Engineering Faculty Articles and Research
In this work, we investigate a class of planar photonic structures operating as passive thermoregulators. The radiative cooling process is adjusted through the incorporation of a phase change material (Vanadium Dioxide, VO2) in conjunction with a layer of transparent conductive oxide (Aluminum-doped Zinc Oxide, AZO). VO2 is known to undergo a phase transition from the “dielectric” phase to the “plasmonic” or “metallic” phase at a critical temperature close to 68°C. In addition, AZO shows plasmonic properties at the long-wave infrared spectrum, which, combined with VO2, provides a rich platform to achieve low reflections across the …
Utilizing Inverse Design To Create Plasmonic Waveguide Devices, Michael Efseaff, Kyle Wynne, Mark C. Harrison
Utilizing Inverse Design To Create Plasmonic Waveguide Devices, Michael Efseaff, Kyle Wynne, Mark C. Harrison
Engineering Faculty Articles and Research
In modern communications networks, data is transmitted over long distances using optical fibers. At nodes in the network, the data is converted to an electrical signal to be processed, and then converted back into an optical signal to be sent over fiber optics. This process results in higher power consumption and adds to transmission time. However, by processing the data optically, we can begin to alleviate these issues and surpass systems which rely on electronics. One promising approach for this is plasmonic devices. Plasmonic waveguide devices have smaller footprints than silicon photonics for more compact photonic integrated circuits, although they …
Atom-Specific Probing Of Electron Dynamics In An Atomic Adsorbate By Time-Resolved X-Ray Spectroscopy, Simon Schreck, Elias Diesen, Martina Dell'angela, Chang Liu, Matthew Weston, Flavio Capotondi, Hirohito Ogasawara, Jerry Larue, Roberto Costantini, Martin Beye, Piter S. Miedema, Joakim Halldin Stenlid, Jörgen Gladh, Boyang Liu, Hsin-Yi Wang, Fivos Perakis, Filippo Cavalca, Sergey Koroidov, Peter Amann, Emanuele Pedersoli, Denys Naumenko, Ivaylo Nikolov, Lorenzo Raimondi, Frank Abild-Pedersen, Tony F. Heinz, Johannes Voss, Alan C. Luntz, Anders Nilsson
Atom-Specific Probing Of Electron Dynamics In An Atomic Adsorbate By Time-Resolved X-Ray Spectroscopy, Simon Schreck, Elias Diesen, Martina Dell'angela, Chang Liu, Matthew Weston, Flavio Capotondi, Hirohito Ogasawara, Jerry Larue, Roberto Costantini, Martin Beye, Piter S. Miedema, Joakim Halldin Stenlid, Jörgen Gladh, Boyang Liu, Hsin-Yi Wang, Fivos Perakis, Filippo Cavalca, Sergey Koroidov, Peter Amann, Emanuele Pedersoli, Denys Naumenko, Ivaylo Nikolov, Lorenzo Raimondi, Frank Abild-Pedersen, Tony F. Heinz, Johannes Voss, Alan C. Luntz, Anders Nilsson
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
The electronic excitation occurring on adsorbates at ultrafast timescales from optical lasers that initiate surface chemical reactions is still an open question. Here, we report the ultrafast temporal evolution of x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) of a simple well-known adsorbate prototype system, namely carbon (C) atoms adsorbed on a nickel [Ni(100)] surface, following intense laser optical pumping at 400 nm. We observe ultrafast (∼100 fs) changes in both XAS and XES showing clear signatures of the formation of a hot electron-hole pair distribution on the adsorbate. This is followed by slower changes on a few picoseconds …
Three Wave Mixing In Epsilon-Near-Zero Plasmonic Waveguides For Signal Regeneration, Nicholas Mirchandani, Mark C. Harrison
Three Wave Mixing In Epsilon-Near-Zero Plasmonic Waveguides For Signal Regeneration, Nicholas Mirchandani, Mark C. Harrison
Engineering Faculty Articles and Research
Vast improvements in communications technology are possible if the conversion of digital information from optical to electric and back can be removed. Plasmonic devices offer one solution due to optical computing’s potential for increased bandwidth, which would enable increased throughput and enhanced security. Plasmonic devices have small footprints and interface with electronics easily, but these potential improvements are offset by the large device footprints of conventional signal regeneration schemes, since surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are incredibly lossy. As such, there is a need for novel regeneration schemes. The continuous, uniform, and unambiguous digital information encoding method is phase-shift-keying (PSK), so …
Fabricating Nanophotonic Devices Using Nanofabrication Techniques, Scott Cummings
Fabricating Nanophotonic Devices Using Nanofabrication Techniques, Scott Cummings
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
Nanofabrication processes are widely used to make the integrated circuits and computer chips that are ubiquitous in today’s technology. These fabrication processes can also be applied to the creation of nanophotonic devices. The ways in which we apply these fabrication techniques in the field of photonics is often constrained by the technologies used for electronics manufacturing which presents an interesting engineering challenge. These limitations include availability and cost of certain fabrication equipment and techniques required to create state-of-the-art nanophotonic devices. Through work with the University of California Irvine nano-fabrication cleanroom, we designed and fabricated various integrated photonic components including grating …
Designing A Reactor Chamber For Hot Electron Chemistry On Bimetallic Plasmonic Nanoparticles, Bryn Merrill, Bingjie Zhang, Jerry Larue
Designing A Reactor Chamber For Hot Electron Chemistry On Bimetallic Plasmonic Nanoparticles, Bryn Merrill, Bingjie Zhang, Jerry Larue
SURF Posters and Papers
Catalysis provides pathways for efficient and selective chemical reactions by lowering the energy barriers for desired products. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) show excellent promise as plasmonic catalysts. Plasmonic materials have localized surface plasmon resonances, oscillations of the electron bath at the surface of a nanoparticle, that generate energetically intense electric fields which rapidly decay into energetically excited electrons. The excited electrons have the potential to destabilize atoms strongly bound to the catalysts through occupation of antibonding orbitals. Tuning the antibonding orbitals to make them accessible for occupancy by electrons is achieved by coating the AuNP in a thin layer of another …
Integrated Photonic Device, Brittney Kuhn
Integrated Photonic Device, Brittney Kuhn
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
In computer mediated communication networks, information is typically encoded optically to transmit signals over long distances. At a network node, the optical signal is transformed into the electrical domain, processed electronically, and transformed back to an optical state to reach its destination. Transitioning between optical and electrical encoding of the signal is a potential security weak point, especially for quantum communication links. If information can remain in one state as it travels through the network, then security breaches can be detected and dealt with more easily. Furthermore, keeping the information in one state can reduce power consumption in the network. …
Weak Value Amplification For Nonunitary Evolution, Wei-Tao Liu, Julián Martínez-Rincón, John C. Howell
Weak Value Amplification For Nonunitary Evolution, Wei-Tao Liu, Julián Martínez-Rincón, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We discuss interferometric parameter estimation of the amplitude, instead of the phase, via weak value amplification. The considered weak interaction introduces modulation on the amplitude of the wave function; therefore, the two-party state experiences a nonunitary evolution. With the same pre- and postselection states as those of original weak value amplification, a much larger anomalous amplification factor can be attained. The shift in the intensity profile at the dark port and the signal-to-noise ratio for the parameter of interest get further amplified by the weak value, compared to phase-based weak value amplification. Although the nonunitary evolution introduces loss, more information …
Compressive Direct Imaging Of A Billion-Dimensional Optical Phase Space, Samuel H. Knarr, Daniel J. Lum, James Schneeloch, John C. Howell
Compressive Direct Imaging Of A Billion-Dimensional Optical Phase Space, Samuel H. Knarr, Daniel J. Lum, James Schneeloch, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
Optical phase spaces represent fields of any spatial coherence and are typically measured through phase-retrieval methods involving a computational inversion, optical interference, or a resolution-limiting lenslet array. Recently, a weak-values technique demonstrated that a beam's Dirac phase space is proportional to the measurable complex weak value, regardless of coherence. These direct measurements require raster scanning through all position-polarization couplings, limiting their dimensionality to less than 100 000 [C. Bamber and J. S. Lundeen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 070405 (2014)]. We circumvent these limitations using compressive sensing, a numerical protocol that allows us to undersample, yet efficiently measure, high-dimensional phase spaces. …
Short-Wave Infrared Compressive Imaging Of Single Photons, Thomas Gerrits, Daniel J. Lum, Varun B. Verma, John C. Howell, Richard P. Mirin, Sae Woo Nam
Short-Wave Infrared Compressive Imaging Of Single Photons, Thomas Gerrits, Daniel J. Lum, Varun B. Verma, John C. Howell, Richard P. Mirin, Sae Woo Nam
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We present a short-wave infrared (SWIR) single photon camera based on a single superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD) and compressive imaging. We show SWIR single photon imaging at a megapixel resolution with a low signal-to-background ratio around 0.6, show SWIR video acquisition at 20 frames per second and 64x64 pixel video resolution, and demonstrate sub-nanosecond resolution time-of-flight imaging. All scenes were sampled by detecting only a small number of photons for each compressive sampling matrix. In principle, our technique can be used for imaging faint objects in the mid-IR regime.
Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave Lidar Compressive Depth-Mapping, Daniel J. Lum, Samuel H. Knarr, John C. Howell
Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave Lidar Compressive Depth-Mapping, Daniel J. Lum, Samuel H. Knarr, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We present an inexpensive architecture for converting a frequency-modulated continuous-wave LiDAR system into a compressive-sensing based depth-mapping camera. Instead of raster scanning to obtain depth-maps, compressive sensing is used to significantly reduce the number of measurements. Ideally, our approach requires two difference detectors. Due to the large flux entering the detectors, the signal amplification from heterodyne detection, and the effects of background subtraction from compressive sensing, the system can obtain higher signal-to-noise ratios over detector-array based schemes while scanning a scene faster than is possible through raster-scanning. Moreover, by efficiently storing only 2m data points from m < n measurements of an n pixel scene, we can easily extract depths by solving only two linear equations with efficient convex-optimization methods.
Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave Compressive Depth Mapping, Daniel J. Lum, Samuel H. Knarr, John C. Howell
Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave Compressive Depth Mapping, Daniel J. Lum, Samuel H. Knarr, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We present an inexpensive architecture for converting a frequency-modulated continuous-wave LiDAR system into a compressive-sensing based depth-mapping camera. Instead of raster scanning to obtain depth-maps, compressive sensing is used to significantly reduce the number of measurements. Ideally, our approach requires two difference detectors. Due to the large flux entering the detectors, the signal amplification from heterodyne detection, and the effects of background subtraction from compressive sensing, the system can obtain higher signal-to-noise ratios over detector-array based schemes while scanning a scene faster than is possible through raster-scanning. Moreover, by efficiently storing only 2m data points from m < n measurements of an n pixel scene, we can easily extract depths by solving only two linear equations with efficient convex-optimization methods.
Ultrasensitive Inverse Weak-Value Tilt Meter, Julián Martínez-Rincón, Christopher A. Mullarkey, Gerardo I. Viza, Wei-Tao Liu, John C. Howell
Ultrasensitive Inverse Weak-Value Tilt Meter, Julián Martínez-Rincón, Christopher A. Mullarkey, Gerardo I. Viza, Wei-Tao Liu, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We present an interferometric technique for measuring ultrasmall tilts. The information of a tilt in one of the mirrors of a modified Sagnac interferometer is carried by the phase difference between the counter-propagating laser beams. Using a small misalignment of the interferometer, orthogonal to the plane of the tilt, a bimodal (or two-fringe) pattern is induced in the beam’s transverse power distribution. By tracking the mean of such a distribution, using a split detector, a sensitive measurement of the phase is performed. With 1.2 mW of continuous-wave laser power, the technique has a shot noise limited sensitivity of 56 frad/Hz−−−√ …
Practical Advantages Of Almost-Balanced-Weak-Value Metrological Techniques, Julián Martínez-Rincón, Zekai Chen, John C. Howell
Practical Advantages Of Almost-Balanced-Weak-Value Metrological Techniques, Julián Martínez-Rincón, Zekai Chen, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
Precision measurements of ultrasmall linear velocities of one of the mirrors in a Michelson interferometer are performed using two different weak-value techniques. We show that the technique of almost-balanced weak values (ABWV) offers practical advantages over the technique of weak-value amplification, resulting in larger signal-to-noise ratios and the possibility of longer integration times due to robustness to slow drifts. As an example of the performance of the ABWV protocol we report a velocity sensitivity of 60 fm/s after 40 h of integration time. The sensitivity of the Doppler shift due to the moving mirror is 150 nHz.
Slow Light In Flight Imaging, Kali Wilson, Bethany Little, Genevieve Gariepy, Robert Henderson, John C. Howell, Daniele Faccio
Slow Light In Flight Imaging, Kali Wilson, Bethany Little, Genevieve Gariepy, Robert Henderson, John C. Howell, Daniele Faccio
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
Slow-light media are of interest in the context of quantum computing and enhanced measurement of quantum effects, with particular emphasis on using slow light with single photons. We use light-in-flight imaging with a single-photon avalanche diode camera array to image in situ pulse propagation through a slow-light medium consisting of heated rubidium vapor. Light-in-flight imaging of slow-light propagation enables direct visualization of a series of physical effects, including simultaneous observation of spatial pulse compression and temporal pulse dispersion. Additionally, the single-photon nature of the camera allows for observation of the group velocity of single photons with measured single-photon fractional delays …
Complementary Weak-Value Amplification With Concatenated Postselections, Gerardo I. Viza, Julián Martínez-Rincón, Wei-Tao Liu, John C. Howell
Complementary Weak-Value Amplification With Concatenated Postselections, Gerardo I. Viza, Julián Martínez-Rincón, Wei-Tao Liu, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We measure a transverse momentum kick in a Sagnac interferometer using weak-value amplification with two postselections. The first postselection is controlled by a polarization-dependent phase mismatch between both paths of the interferometer, and the second postselection is controlled by a polarizer at the exit port. By monitoring the dark port of the interferometer, we study the complementary amplification of the concatenated postselections, where the polarization extinction ratio is greater than the contrast of the spatial interference. In this case, we find an improvement in the amplification of the signal of interest by introducing a second postselection to the system.
Quantum Enigma Machine: Experimentally Demonstrating Quantum Data Locking, Daniel J. Lum, John C. Howell, M. S. Allman, Thomas Gerrits, Varun B. Verma, Sae Woo Nam, Cosmo Lupo, Seth Lloyd
Quantum Enigma Machine: Experimentally Demonstrating Quantum Data Locking, Daniel J. Lum, John C. Howell, M. S. Allman, Thomas Gerrits, Varun B. Verma, Sae Woo Nam, Cosmo Lupo, Seth Lloyd
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
Shannon proved in 1949 that information-theoretic-secure encryption is possible if the encryption key is used only once, is random, and is at least as long as the message itself. Notwithstanding, when information is encoded in a quantum system, the phenomenon of quantum data locking allows one to encrypt a message with a shorter key and still provide information-theoretic security. We present one of the first feasible experimental demonstrations of quantum data locking for direct communication and propose a scheme for a quantum enigma machine that encrypts 6 bits per photon (containing messages, new encryption keys, and forward error correction bits) …
Weak-Value Amplification Of The Fast-Light Effect In Rubidium Vapor, Mohammad Mirhosseini, Gerardo I. Viza, Omar S. Magaña-Loaiza, Mehul Malik, John C. Howell, Robert W. Boyd
Weak-Value Amplification Of The Fast-Light Effect In Rubidium Vapor, Mohammad Mirhosseini, Gerardo I. Viza, Omar S. Magaña-Loaiza, Mehul Malik, John C. Howell, Robert W. Boyd
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We use weak-value amplification to enhance the polarization-sensitive fast-light effect from induced Raman absorption in hot rubidium vapor. We experimentally demonstrate that projecting the output signal into an appropriate polarization state enables a pulse advancement of 4.2μs, which is more than 15 times larger than that naturally caused by dispersion. More significantly, we show that combining weak-value amplification with the dispersive response of an atomic system provides a clear advantage in terms of the maximum pulse advance achievable for a given value of loss. This technique has potential applications for designing novel quantum-information-processing gates and optical buffers for telecommunication systems.
Cross-Phase Modulation Enhancement Via A Resonating Cavity: Semiclassical Description, Julián Martínez-Rincón, John C. Howell
Cross-Phase Modulation Enhancement Via A Resonating Cavity: Semiclassical Description, Julián Martínez-Rincón, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We evaluate the advantages of performing cross-phase modulation (XPM) on a very-far-off-resonance atomic system. We consider a ladder system with a weak (few-photon level) control coherent field imparting a conditional nonlinear phase shift on a probe beam. We find that by coupling to an optical resonator, the optimal XPM is enhanced proportional to the finesse of the resonator by a factor of ��/4��. We present a semiclassical description of the system and show that the phenomenon is optimal in the self-defined condition of off-resonance effective cooperativity equal to one.
Digital Integral Cloaking, Joseph S. Choi, John C. Howell
Digital Integral Cloaking, Joseph S. Choi, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
Toward the goal of achieving broadband and omnidirectional invisibility, we propose a method for practical invisibility cloaking. We call this “digital cloaking,” where space, angle, spectrum, and phase are discretized. Experimentally, we demonstrate a two-dimensional (2D) planar, ray optics, digital cloak by using lenticular lenses, similar to “integral imaging” for three-dimensional (3D) displays. Theoretically, this can be extended to a good approximation of an “ideal” 3D cloak. With continuing improvements in commercial digital technology, the resolution limitations of a digital cloak can be minimized.
Compressively Characterizing High-Dimensional Entangled States With Complementary, Random Filtering, Gregory A. Howland, Samuel H. Knarr, James Schneeloch, Daniel J. Lum, John C. Howell
Compressively Characterizing High-Dimensional Entangled States With Complementary, Random Filtering, Gregory A. Howland, Samuel H. Knarr, James Schneeloch, Daniel J. Lum, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
The resources needed to conventionally characterize a quantum system are overwhelmingly large for high-dimensional systems. This obstacle may be overcome by abandoning traditional cornerstones of quantum measurement, such as general quantum states, strong projective measurement, and assumption-free characterization. Following this reasoning, we demonstrate an efficient technique for characterizing high-dimensional, spatial entanglement with one set of measurements. We recover sharp distributions with local, random filtering of the same ensemble in momentum followed by position—something the uncertainty principle forbids for projective measurements. Exploiting the expectation that entangled signals are highly correlated, we use fewer than 5000 measurements to characterize a 65,536-dimensional state. …
Quantum And Classical Optics–Emerging Links, Joseph H. Eberly, Xiao-Feng Qian, Asma Al Qasimi, Hazrat Ali, M. A. Alonso, R Gutiérrez-Cuevas, Bethany Little, John C. Howell, Tanya Malhotra, A. N. Vamivakas
Quantum And Classical Optics–Emerging Links, Joseph H. Eberly, Xiao-Feng Qian, Asma Al Qasimi, Hazrat Ali, M. A. Alonso, R Gutiérrez-Cuevas, Bethany Little, John C. Howell, Tanya Malhotra, A. N. Vamivakas
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
Quantum optics and classical optics are linked in ways that are becoming apparent as a result of numerous recent detailed examinations of the relationships that elementary notions of optics have with each other. These elementary notions include interference, polarization, coherence, complementarity and entanglement. All of them are present in both quantum and classical optics. They have historic origins, and at least partly for this reason not all of them have quantitative definitions that are universally accepted. This makes further investigation into their engagement in optics very desirable. We pay particular attention to effects that arise from the mere co-existence of …
Introduction To The Transverse Spatial Correlations In Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion Through The Biphoton Birth Zone, James Schneeloch, John C. Howell
Introduction To The Transverse Spatial Correlations In Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion Through The Biphoton Birth Zone, James Schneeloch, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
As a tutorial to the spatial aspects of spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC), we present a detailed first-principles derivation of the transverse correlation width of photon pairs in degenerate collinear SPDC. This width defines the size of a biphoton birth zone, the region where the signal and idler photons are likely to be found when conditioning on the position of the destroyed pump photon. Along the way, we discuss the quantum-optical calculation of the amplitude for the SPDC process, as well as its simplified form for nearly collinear degenerate phase matching. Following this, we show how this biphoton amplitude can be …
Can Anomalous Amplification Be Attained Without Postselection?, Julián Martínez-Rincón, Wei-Tao Liu, Gerardo I. Viza, John C. Howell
Can Anomalous Amplification Be Attained Without Postselection?, Julián Martínez-Rincón, Wei-Tao Liu, Gerardo I. Viza, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We present a parameter estimation technique based on performing joint measurements of a weak interaction away from the weak-value-amplification approximation. Two detectors are used to collect full statistics of the correlations between two weakly entangled degrees of freedom. Without discarding of data, the protocol resembles the anomalous amplification of an imaginary-weak-value-like response. The amplification is induced in the difference signal of both detectors allowing robustness to different sources of technical noise, and offering in addition the advantages of balanced signals for precision metrology. All of the Fisher information about the parameter of interest is collected. A tunable phase controls the …
Position-Momentum Bell Nonlocality With Entangled Photon Pairs, James Schneeloch, Samuel H. Knarr, Daniel J. Lum, John C. Howell
Position-Momentum Bell Nonlocality With Entangled Photon Pairs, James Schneeloch, Samuel H. Knarr, Daniel J. Lum, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
Witnessing continuous-variable Bell nonlocality is a challenging endeavor, but Bell himself showed how one might demonstrate this nonlocality. Although Bell nearly showed a violation using the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality with sign-binned position-momentum statistics of entangled pairs of particles measured at different times, his demonstration is subject to approximations not realizable in a laboratory setting. Moreover, he does not give a quantitative estimation of the maximum achievable violation for the wave function he considers. In this article, we show how his strategy can be reimagined using the transverse positions and momenta of entangled photon pairs measured at different propagation distances, and …
Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution With Generalized Two-Mode Schrödinger Cat States, Curtis J. Broadbent, Kevin Marshall, Christian Weedbrook, John C. Howell
Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution With Generalized Two-Mode Schrödinger Cat States, Curtis J. Broadbent, Kevin Marshall, Christian Weedbrook, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We show how weak nonlinearities can be used in a device-independent quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol using generalized two-mode Schrödinger cat states. The QKD protocol is therefore shown to be secure against collective attacks and for some coherent attacks. We derive analytical formulas for the optimal values of the Bell parameter, the quantum bit error rate, and the device-independent secret key rate in the noiseless lossy bosonic channel. Additionally, we give the filters and measurements which achieve these optimal values. We find that, over any distance in this channel, the quantum bit error rate is identically zero, in principle, and …
Fast Hadamard Transforms For Compressive Sensing Of Joint Systems: Measurement Of A 3.2 Million-Dimensional Bi-Photon Probability Distribution, Daniel J. Lum, Samuel H. Knarr, John C. Howell
Fast Hadamard Transforms For Compressive Sensing Of Joint Systems: Measurement Of A 3.2 Million-Dimensional Bi-Photon Probability Distribution, Daniel J. Lum, Samuel H. Knarr, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We demonstrate how to efficiently implement extremely high-dimensional compressive imaging of a bi-photon probability distribution. Our method uses fast-Hadamard-transform Kronecker-based compressive sensing to acquire the joint space distribution. We list, in detail, the operations necessary to enable fast-transform-based matrix-vector operations in the joint space to reconstruct a 16.8 million-dimensional image in less than 10 minutes. Within a subspace of that image exists a 3.2 million-dimensional bi-photon probability distribution. In addition, we demonstrate how the marginal distributions can aid in the accuracy of joint space distribution reconstructions.
Experimentally Quantifying The Advantages Of Weak-Value-Based Metrology, Gerardo I. Viza, Julián Martínez-Rincón, Gabriel B. Alves, Andrew N. Jordan, John C. Howell
Experimentally Quantifying The Advantages Of Weak-Value-Based Metrology, Gerardo I. Viza, Julián Martínez-Rincón, Gabriel B. Alves, Andrew N. Jordan, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We experimentally investigate the relative advantages of implementing weak-value-based metrology versus standard methods. While the techniques outlined herein apply more generally, we measure small optical beam deflections both using a Sagnac interferometer with a monitored dark port (the weak-value-based technique), and by focusing the entire beam to a split detector (the standard technique). By introducing controlled external transverse detector modulations and transverse beam deflection momentum modulations, we quantify the mitigation of these sources in the weak-value-based experiment versus the standard focusing experiment. The experiments are compared using a combination of deterministic and stochastic methods. In all cases, the weak-value technique …
Shifting The Quantum-Classical Boundary: Theory And Experiment For Statistically Classical Optical Fields, Xiao-Feng Qian, Bethany Little, John C. Howell, Joseph H. Eberly
Shifting The Quantum-Classical Boundary: Theory And Experiment For Statistically Classical Optical Fields, Xiao-Feng Qian, Bethany Little, John C. Howell, Joseph H. Eberly
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
The growing recognition that entanglement is not exclusively a quantum property, and does not even originate with Schrödinger’s famous remark about it [Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 31, 555 (1935)], prompts the examination of its role in marking the quantum-classical boundary. We have done this by subjecting correlations of classical optical fields to new Bell-analysis experiments and report here values of the Bell parameter greater than ℬ=2.54. This is many standard deviations outside the limit ℬ=2 established by the Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt Bell inequality [Phys. Rev. Lett. 23, 880 (1969)], in agreement with our theoretical classical prediction, and not far from the Tsirelson …