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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Elevation-Dependent Warming In Mountain Regions Of The World, Mountain Research Institute, Nicolas Pepin, Raymond S. Bradley
Elevation-Dependent Warming In Mountain Regions Of The World, Mountain Research Institute, Nicolas Pepin, Raymond S. Bradley
Raymond S Bradley
"There is growing evidence that the rate of warming is amplified with elevation, such that high-mountain environments experience more rapid changes in temperature than environments at lower elevations. Elevation-dependent warming (EDW) can accelerate the rate of change in mountain ecosystems, cryospheric systems, hydrological regimes and biodiversity. Here we review important mechanisms that contribute towards EDW: snow albedo and surface-based feedbacks; water vapour changes and latent heat release; surface water vapour and radiative flux changes; surface heat loss and temperature change; and aerosols. All lead to enhanced warming with elevation (or at a critical elevation), and it is believed that combinations …
Winter Climate Extremes Over The Northeastern United States And Southeastern Canada And Teleconnections With Large-Scale Modes Of Climate Variability, Liang Ning, Raymond S. Bradley
Winter Climate Extremes Over The Northeastern United States And Southeastern Canada And Teleconnections With Large-Scale Modes Of Climate Variability, Liang Ning, Raymond S. Bradley
Raymond S Bradley
The relationship between winter climate extremes across the northeastern United States and adjacent parts of Canada and some important modes of climate variability are examined to determine how these circulation patterns are related to extreme events. Linear correlations between 15 extreme climate indices related to winter daily precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature, and three dominant large-scale patterns of climate variability [the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Pacific–North American (PNA) pattern, and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)] were analyzed for the period 1950–99. The mechanisms behind these teleconnections are analyzed by applying composite analysis to the geopotential height, sea level pressure (SLP), moisture …