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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Food Selectivity Of Bluegill And Green Sunfish Fry, Aaron Barkoh
Food Selectivity Of Bluegill And Green Sunfish Fry, Aaron Barkoh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Four genera of zooplankton and cladoceran egg cases, collected from a municipal sewage lagoon, were made available as food to green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) and bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) fry, to examine their food selectivity. Green sunfish and bluegill fry ranged in size from 8.5-11.0 mm and 8.0-10.5 mm at stocking and were reared for 31 and 30 days, respectively. The gut contents of 1488 green sunfish and 1440 bluegill fry, representing day and night samples were examined. Diet composition was evaluated using the linear food selection index. Both green sunfish and bluegill fry selected for Cvclops vernalis and consistently selected …
Factors Affecting Water Quality And Microinvertebrate Distribution Within A Small Black Hills Stream, Henry G. Drewes
Factors Affecting Water Quality And Microinvertebrate Distribution Within A Small Black Hills Stream, Henry G. Drewes
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A comparative evaluation of the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna was conducted concurrently with a physiochemical investigation on Slate Creek, Pennington County, South Dakota in the Black Hills. Water quality differences between years and among stations were detected in Slate Creek from both physiochemical and macroinvertebrate evaluations. The primary sources of disturbance to the Slate Creek study site during the sampling period were landscaping activities within the Deerfield Park Resort development and livestock activity. Increased runoff and elevated stream flows in 1982 were responsible for the variation in water quality between years. Water quality differences among stations indicated significantly (P < 0.05) higher turbidity and temperature immediately below the development site in 1981 and 1982. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher fecal coliform bacteria counts were observed at station 5 for both years, resulting from increased livestock activity. Phosphates and nitrates were highest at stations 4 and 5 but were not significantly (P > 0.05) different …
Intensive Culture Of Largemouth Bass And Walleye Fry In Experimental Systems, Gerald A. Wickstrom
Intensive Culture Of Largemouth Bass And Walleye Fry In Experimental Systems, Gerald A. Wickstrom
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Six genera of invertebrates were made available to largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fry for 25 days. Brachionus spp. was selected for during both day and night (1100 and 2300 h) for the first seven days. Cyclops vemalis was selected on days 1 - 14; it was selected for more during the day for days 1 - 7. Daphnia pulex and D. magna were selected for during days 15 - 25. As the fry grew during the study they ate significantly (P < 0.05) larger D. pulex and D. magna. Moina brachiata was not selected for; it was eaten throughout the study in approximately the same proportion as available. Diaptomus spp. And Ceanestheriella setosa were not eaten. The fry increased in mean length from 6.5 mm on day 1 to 29.8 mm on day 25 of the study. Mean daily length increase was 0.93 mm. Newly hatched walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) fry were intensively cultured on a diet of live zooplankton under three conditions for 48 days. The fry were reared in tanks under constant illumination (375 lux), in tanks under reduced illumination (105 lux), and in tanks which contained visual interceptors (400 lux). Mean survival of walleyes was 14.0% in tanks under constant illumination, 11.6% in tanks under reduced illumination, and 4.7% in tanks which contained visual interceptors. Mean unaccountable mortality of walleyes was 21.8% in constant illumination tanks, 35.7% in reduced illumination tanks, and 27.4% in tanks with visual interceptors. The fry increased in mean length from 8.6 mm at the start of the study to 36.3 mm (0.76 mm/day) in constant illumination tanks, 36.6 mm (0.76 mm/day) in reduced illumination tanks, and 33.7 mm (0.70 mm/day) in tanks with visual interceptors after 48 days of intensive culture.
An Economic Valuation Of South Dakota Wetlands As A Recreation Resource For Resident Hunters, Craig W. Johnson
An Economic Valuation Of South Dakota Wetlands As A Recreation Resource For Resident Hunters, Craig W. Johnson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In spite of efforts to conserve wetlands, intensified agriculture, water projects, and urban development annually diminish the quantity and quality of wetland resources (Weller 1981). Leitch and Danielson (1979) noted that when the discounted value of the returns to drainage exceed drainage costs there is an economic incentive to drain. If present drainage rates continue, Weller (1981) estimated that most wetlands will disappear by the year 2140. Research has only recently focused attention on the need to estimate the public value of wetland benefits and the social costs of drainage (Leitch and Danielson 1979). The disparity between private and social …
Brood-Rearing Period Cover Use By Wild Turkey Hens In Southcentral South Dakota, Kevin Francis Mccabe
Brood-Rearing Period Cover Use By Wild Turkey Hens In Southcentral South Dakota, Kevin Francis Mccabe
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Brood-rearing period cover use by wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) hens with broods and those without, in Gregory County, South Dakota, was determined in order to formulate management suggestions for grassland/riparian woodland habitat. Two hens with broods and 12 hens without broods were studies through telemetry and direct observations form 5 July through 2 August and 3 August through 17 August of 1982 and 1982. Vegetational data were collected in 1983. Hens with broods selected for the grass/forb-dominated understory and 52% open canopy of south-facing savannah woodlands while their broods were less than 4 weeks of age. After 4 weeks, broods …
Use Of Eastern South Dakota Shelterbelts By Nesting Birds Of Prey, Scott E. Norelius
Use Of Eastern South Dakota Shelterbelts By Nesting Birds Of Prey, Scott E. Norelius
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study was conducted in 1979 and 1980 to determine abundance, productivity, food habits, and ranges of raptors utilizing shelterbelts were in a 78 km² Brookings County study area. The shelterbelts were heterogeneous stands of trees and shrubsplanted in linear rows. Major tree species included elm (Ulmus spp.), green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), cottonwood (Populus deltoids), Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia), and eastern red cedar (Juniperus scopulorum). Major shrub species included honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica) and lilac (Syringa vulgaris). Ninety-eight raptors were observed on the study area over the 2 breeding seasons investigated (1979-1980). Species observed were the American kestrel (Falco sparverius), Swainson’s …
Angler Harvest Survey Of Lake Francis Case, South Dakota, Lawrence M. Miller
Angler Harvest Survey Of Lake Francis Case, South Dakota, Lawrence M. Miller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
An angler harvest survey, consisting of two independent surveys, was conducted on Lake Francis Case, South Dakota, from May through October 1981, and April through October 1982. An aerial angler count was used to estimate angle pressure, and an angler interview survey was used to estimate catch rate. In 1981, a section of Lake Francis Case in the vicinity of the Gregory County Pump Storage Project (Zone 2) was surveyed. IN 1982, the survey was expanded to include the entire reservoir (additional Zones 1 and 3). Estimated fishing pressure for Zone 2 in 1981 was 188,631 angler-hours and in 1982 …
Small Mammals In Prairie Wetlands: Habitat Use And The Effects Of Wetland Modifications, Grey W. Pendleton
Small Mammals In Prairie Wetlands: Habitat Use And The Effects Of Wetland Modifications, Grey W. Pendleton
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Although well documented for other habitat types, small mammal habitat use patterns in prairie wetlands are poorly understood. The distribution of the mammal fauna of South Dakota is also not well known. Because of the lack of information in these areas, evaluation of the impacts of wetland modifications on the resident mammal community is not possible. The objectives of this study were (1) to document the species composition and abundance of small mammal communities inhabiting prairie wetland basins, (2) to determine the effects of small scale habitat modification on small mammals, (3) and to explain local species distribution patterns using …
Rainbow Trout Cage Culture And Benthic Production In East-Central South Dakota Dugouts, Glenn David Schuler
Rainbow Trout Cage Culture And Benthic Production In East-Central South Dakota Dugouts, Glenn David Schuler
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Forty-five cages, encompassing 1.0 m3 of water, distributed between three dugout ponds, were stocked with rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fingerlings to determine the feasibility of raising annual fish crops. Growth rates were compared between feeding rate (0, 3, and 5% body weight/day [bwt/day]) and stocking rate (35, 52, and 70 fish/cage). Growth was significantly (P ≤0.05) greater at feeding rates of 3 and 5% bwt/day than 0% bwt/day. The fish fed 0% bwt/day decreased in mean weight by 0.7 g; the weight gain for the 3 and 5% bwt/day feeding rates were 47.2 and 45.2g, respectively. Significant differences (P ≤ …
Abundance, Biomass, And Diversity Of Aquatic Invertebrates In Level Ditches And Adjacent Natural Emergent Marsh In An Eastern South Dakota Wetland, Michael R. Broschart
Abundance, Biomass, And Diversity Of Aquatic Invertebrates In Level Ditches And Adjacent Natural Emergent Marsh In An Eastern South Dakota Wetland, Michael R. Broschart
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The aquatic invertebrate communities of level ditches and adjacent natural emergent marsh in a South Dakota prairie wetland were sampled during the summer of 1982. Collections were made in both the water column and the bottom substrates. Forty-five taxa were collected. Analysis of variance indicated that a significantly greater mean number of taxa and a larger mean number of all macroinvertebrates were present in level ditches than in the natural emergent marsh. No differences were detected for mean biomass of all macroinvertebrate taxa collectively. Several taxa had a greater mean number and biomass in the level ditches than in the …