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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Application Of The Tissue Residue Approach In Ecological Risk Assessment, Steven P. Bradbury, Keith G. Sappington, Todd S. Bridges, Russell J. Erickson, A. Jan Hendriks, Roman P. Lanno, James P. Meador, David R. Mount, Mike H. Salazar, Doug J. Spry
Application Of The Tissue Residue Approach In Ecological Risk Assessment, Steven P. Bradbury, Keith G. Sappington, Todd S. Bridges, Russell J. Erickson, A. Jan Hendriks, Roman P. Lanno, James P. Meador, David R. Mount, Mike H. Salazar, Doug J. Spry
Steven P. Bradbury
The objective of this work is to present a critical review of the application of the tissue residue approach (TRA) in ecological risk and/or impact assessment (ERA) of chemical stressors and environmental criteria development. A secondary goal is to develop a framework for integrating the TRA into ecological assessments along with traditional, exposure concentration-based assessment approaches. Although widely recognized for its toxicological appeal, the utility of the TRA in specific applications will depend on numerous factors, such as chemical properties, exposure characteristics, assessment type, availability of tissue residue-response data, and ability to quantify chemical exposure. Therefore, the decision to use …
Application Of Genomics To Regulatory Ecological Risk Assessments For Pesticides, Steven P. Bradbury, Sigmund J. Degitz, Robert A. Hoke, Richard Brennan, Lee Ferguson, Rebecca Klaper, Laszlo Orban, David Spurgeon, Susan Tilton
Application Of Genomics To Regulatory Ecological Risk Assessments For Pesticides, Steven P. Bradbury, Sigmund J. Degitz, Robert A. Hoke, Richard Brennan, Lee Ferguson, Rebecca Klaper, Laszlo Orban, David Spurgeon, Susan Tilton
Steven P. Bradbury
Substantial advances in human health and ecological risk assessment have been achieved by the risk assessment community; however, challenges remain, such as providing credible scientific information on a timely, efficient basis to support decisions for industrial chemicals and pesticides. Current risk assessment data generation requirements-including animal welfare concerns and the volume, appropriateness, and cost of required data-and the large number of chemicals requiring evaluation are a challenge confronting the chemical industry, national and international regulatory agencies, and associated stakeholders (Bradbury et al. 2004). The lack of hazard data for many chemicals and the need to improve the efficiency and quality …
Meeting The Scientific Needs Of Ecological Risk Assessment In A Regulatory Context, Steven P. Bradbury, Tom C. Feitel, Cornelis J. Van Leeuwen
Meeting The Scientific Needs Of Ecological Risk Assessment In A Regulatory Context, Steven P. Bradbury, Tom C. Feitel, Cornelis J. Van Leeuwen
Steven P. Bradbury
During the past decade, the field of ecological risk assessment has progressed considerably. Advances have come from such international bodies as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the World Health Organisation (WHO), the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO), and the European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals (ECETOC) (1–8). Risk assessments have played a critical role in the development of various regulations within the European Commission (EC) as well as in other parts of the world, including the United States, Canada, and Japan (9–17). But scientists and regulators are faced with three significant challenges: streamlining …
Overview Of Data And Conceptual Approaches For Derivation Of Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships For Ecotoxicological Effects Of Organic Chemicals, Steven P. Bradbury, Christine L. Russom, Gerald T. Ankley, T. Wayne Schultz, John D. Walker
Overview Of Data And Conceptual Approaches For Derivation Of Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships For Ecotoxicological Effects Of Organic Chemicals, Steven P. Bradbury, Christine L. Russom, Gerald T. Ankley, T. Wayne Schultz, John D. Walker
Steven P. Bradbury
The use of quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSARs) in assessing potential toxic effects of organic chemicals on aquatic organisms continues to evolve as computational efficiency and toxicological understanding advance. With the everincreasing production of new chemicals, and the need to optimize resources to assess thousands of existing chemicals in commerce, regulatory agencies have turned to QSARs as essential tools to help prioritize tiered risk assessments when empirical data are not available to evaluate toxicological effects. Progress in designing scientifically credible QSARs is intimately associated with the development of empirically derived databases of well-defined and quantified toxicity endpoints, which are based on …
Ecological Risk Assessment For Chemical Stressors: Challenges In Predictive Ecotoxicology Research, Steven P. Bradbury
Ecological Risk Assessment For Chemical Stressors: Challenges In Predictive Ecotoxicology Research, Steven P. Bradbury
Steven P. Bradbury
Environmental management decisions are increasingly based on the results of ecological risk assessments that require data and models to establish the likelihood of adverse ecological effects that may occur or are occurring as a result of exposure to one or more stressors .. Research to support ecological risk assessments for chemical stressors must include a predictive capability.. The great number of chemicals, species and habitats (exposure conditions) associated with prospective and retrospective management decisions precludes the use of empirical testing as the sole means to fill data gaps .. Therefore, strategic laboratory and field testing must be undertaken in the …