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Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Medicine and Health Sciences

2015

Resilient Communities

Articles 1 - 7 of 7

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Impacts Of Community-Based Natural Resource Management On Wealth, Food Security And Child Health In Tanzania, Sharon Pailler, Robin Naidoo, Neil D. Burgess, Olivia E. Freeman, Brendan Fisher Jul 2015

Impacts Of Community-Based Natural Resource Management On Wealth, Food Security And Child Health In Tanzania, Sharon Pailler, Robin Naidoo, Neil D. Burgess, Olivia E. Freeman, Brendan Fisher

Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources Faculty Publications

Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) is a major global strategy for enhancing conservation outcomes while also seeking to improve rural livelihoods; however, little evidence of socioeconomic outcomes exists. We present a national-level analysis that empirically estimates socioeconomic impacts of CBNRM across Tanzania, while systematically controlling for potential sources of bias. Specifically, we apply a difference-indifferences model to national-scale, cross-sectional data to estimate the impact of three different CBNRM governance regimes on wealth, food security and child health, considering differential impacts of CBNRM on wealthy and poor populations. We also explore whether or not longer-standing CBNRM efforts provide more benefits than …

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Robustness Of Spatial Micronetworks, Thomas C. Mcandrew, Christopher M. Danforth, James P. Bagrow Apr 2015

Robustness Of Spatial Micronetworks, Thomas C. Mcandrew, Christopher M. Danforth, James P. Bagrow

College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Faculty Publications

Power lines, roadways, pipelines, and other physical infrastructure are critical to modern society. These structures may be viewed as spatial networks where geographic distances play a role in the functionality and construction cost of links. Traditionally, studies of network robustness have primarily considered the connectedness of large, random networks. Yet for spatial infrastructure, physical distances must also play a role in network robustness. Understanding the robustness of small spatial networks is particularly important with the increasing interest in microgrids, i.e., small-area distributed power grids that are well suited to using renewable energy resources. We study the random failures of links …

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Mainstreaming Early Warning Systems In Development And Planning Processes: Multilevel Implementation Of Sendai Framework In Indus And Sahel, Asim Zia, Courtney Hammond Wagner Jan 2015

Mainstreaming Early Warning Systems In Development And Planning Processes: Multilevel Implementation Of Sendai Framework In Indus And Sahel, Asim Zia, Courtney Hammond Wagner

College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Faculty Publications

The third UN World Congress on Disaster Risk Reduction, held in Sendai, Japan in March 2015, agreed on a new framework to guide disaster risk reduction policy and practice for the next 15 years. The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 (SFDRR) leaves important implementation issues unspecified and potentially creates both problems and opportunities for complex, multilevel governance systems in coping with hazards and disastrous events. Early warning systems (EWS), if built into the mainstream of planning for development and disaster relief and recovery, could present a significant opportunity to realize many SFDRR goals. We explore the complexities of …

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Are Conservation Organizations Configured For Effective Adaptation To Global Change?, Paul R. Armsworth, Eric R. Larson, Stephen T. Jackson, Dov F. Sax, Paul Simonin, Bernd Blossey, Nancy Green, Mary L. Klein, Liza Lester, Taylor H. Ricketts, Michael C. Runge, M. Rebecca Shaw Jan 2015

Are Conservation Organizations Configured For Effective Adaptation To Global Change?, Paul R. Armsworth, Eric R. Larson, Stephen T. Jackson, Dov F. Sax, Paul Simonin, Bernd Blossey, Nancy Green, Mary L. Klein, Liza Lester, Taylor H. Ricketts, Michael C. Runge, M. Rebecca Shaw

Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources Faculty Publications

© The Ecological Society of America. Conservation organizations must adapt to respond to the ecological impacts of global change. Numerous changes to conservation actions (eg facilitated ecological transitions, managed relocations, or increased corridor development) have been recommended, but some institutional restructuring within organizations may also be needed. Here we discuss the capacity of conservation organizations to adapt to changing environmental conditions, focusing primarily on public agencies and nonprofits active in land protection and management in the US. After first reviewing how these organizations anticipate and detect impacts affecting target species and ecosystems, we then discuss whether they are sufficiently flexible …

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Social Entrepreneurship And Social Business: Retrospective And Prospective Research, Edgard Barki, Graziella Comini, Ann Cunliffe, Stuart Hart, Sudhanshu Rai Jan 2015

Social Entrepreneurship And Social Business: Retrospective And Prospective Research, Edgard Barki, Graziella Comini, Ann Cunliffe, Stuart Hart, Sudhanshu Rai

Grossman School of Business Faculty Publications

Social Entrepreneurship and Social Business (SE/SB), inclusive business, businesses with social impact and a higher purpose are becoming increasingly important both in academia and the business world (Sassmannshausen & Volkmann, 2013). Since the influential article by Dees (1998), many different perspectives about social entrepreneurship and social business have been discussed in academia. On the management side, these types of businesses have also proliferated in the last decades. Yunus with his work leading Grameen Bank has inspired many other entrepreneurs and organizations to create a new kind of business more embedded with a social purpose. The main purpose of the Social …

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Pleistocene Relative Sea Levels In The Chesapeake Bay Region And Their Implications For The Next Century, Benjamin D. Dejong, Paul R. Bierman, Wayne L. Newell, Tammy M. Rittenour, Shannon A. Mahan, Greg Balco, Dylan H. Rood Jan 2015

Pleistocene Relative Sea Levels In The Chesapeake Bay Region And Their Implications For The Next Century, Benjamin D. Dejong, Paul R. Bierman, Wayne L. Newell, Tammy M. Rittenour, Shannon A. Mahan, Greg Balco, Dylan H. Rood

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Today, relative sea-level rise (3.4 mm/yr) is faster in the Chesapeake Bay region than any other location on the Atlantic coast of North America, and twice the global average eustatic rate (1.7 mm/yr). Dated interglacial deposits suggest that relative sea levels in the Chesapeake Bay region deviate from global trends over a range of timescales. Glacio-isostatic adjustment of the land surface from loading and unloading of continental ice is likely responsible for these deviations, but our understanding of the scale and timeframe over which isostatic response operates in this region remains incomplete because dated sea-level proxies are mostly limited to …

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A Protocol For Eliciting Nonmaterial Values Through A Cultural Ecosystem Services Frame, Rachelle K. Gould, Sarah C. Klain, Nicole M. Ardoin, Terre Satterfield, Ulalia Woodside, Neil Hannahs, Gretchen C. Daily, Kai M. Chan Jan 2015

A Protocol For Eliciting Nonmaterial Values Through A Cultural Ecosystem Services Frame, Rachelle K. Gould, Sarah C. Klain, Nicole M. Ardoin, Terre Satterfield, Ulalia Woodside, Neil Hannahs, Gretchen C. Daily, Kai M. Chan

Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources Faculty Publications

Conservation Biology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology. Stakeholders' nonmaterial desires, needs, and values often critically influence the success of conservation projects. These considerations are challenging to articulate and characterize, resulting in their limited uptake in management and policy. We devised an interview protocol designed to enhance understanding of cultural ecosystem services (CES). The protocol begins with discussion of ecosystem-related activities (e.g., recreation, hunting) and management and then addresses CES, prompting for values encompassing concepts identified in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) and explored in other CES research. We piloted the protocol in Hawaii …

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