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Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons

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Articles 1 - 10 of 10

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Mutation Selection On The Metabolic Pathway And The Effects On Protein Co-Evolution And The Rate Limiting Steps On The Tree Of Life, Katherine S. Porter Jul 2016

Mutation Selection On The Metabolic Pathway And The Effects On Protein Co-Evolution And The Rate Limiting Steps On The Tree Of Life, Katherine S. Porter

Mathematics Summer Fellows

Metabolic pathways are made of a series of reactions by enzymes at different speeds. These pathways include the rate limiting step, which is the slowest step that determines the rate of the overall reaction. To date, one study has examined the pathway of glycolysis and found no evidence of evolutionary stability of its rate limiting step. In addition, phylogenetic evidence has shown evolution in the pathway over time including gene duplication and positive selection within the pathway. This evidence suggests that there is coevolutionary selection on glycolysis. The evidence from this previous study is simulation-based. The Michaelis-Menten kinetics that describe …


Ciliate Codon Translator Program Manual, Quentin D. Altemose Jul 2016

Ciliate Codon Translator Program Manual, Quentin D. Altemose

Mathematics Summer Fellows

Understanding the evolutionary history of organisms allows us to better comprehend selective pressures and their effects on larger populations. In our study, we focused on analyzing the DNA of ciliate groups, which are single celled protozoans characterized by the presence of cilia on their outer membrane. We utilized the DNA of the organisms to analyze the changes in population genotype over time. We tested existing evolutionary models (designed to represent natural genetic variation over time in populations) against our data to identify the model with the best fit and likelihood. From the DNA and the evolutionary model with the highest …


Why Be So Critical? Nineteenth Century Mathematics And The Origins Of Analysis, Janet Heine Barnett Jul 2016

Why Be So Critical? Nineteenth Century Mathematics And The Origins Of Analysis, Janet Heine Barnett

Analysis

No abstract provided.


Henri Lebesgue And The Development Of The Integral Concept, Janet Heine Barnett Jul 2016

Henri Lebesgue And The Development Of The Integral Concept, Janet Heine Barnett

Analysis

No abstract provided.


The Failure Of The Euclidean Parallel Postulate And Distance In Hyperbolic Geometry, Jerry Lodder Jul 2016

The Failure Of The Euclidean Parallel Postulate And Distance In Hyperbolic Geometry, Jerry Lodder

Geometry

No abstract provided.


Richard Dedekind And The Creation Of An Ideal: Early Developments In Ring Theory, Janet Heine Barnett Jul 2016

Richard Dedekind And The Creation Of An Ideal: Early Developments In Ring Theory, Janet Heine Barnett

Abstract Algebra

No abstract provided.


The Cantor Set Before Cantor, Nicholas A. Scoville Apr 2016

The Cantor Set Before Cantor, Nicholas A. Scoville

Topology

A special construction used in both analysis and topology today is known as the Cantor set. Cantor used this set in a paper in the 1880s. Yet it appeared as early as 1875 in a paper by the Irish mathematician Henry John Stephen Smith (1826 - 1883). Smith, who is best known for the Smith normal form of a matrix, was a professor at Oxford who made great contributions in matrix theory and number theory. In this project, we will explore parts of a paper he wrote titled On the Integration of Discontinuous Functions.


Topology From Analysis, Nicholas A. Scoville Apr 2016

Topology From Analysis, Nicholas A. Scoville

Topology

Topology is often described as having no notion of distance, but a notion of nearness. How can such a thing be possible? Isn't this just a distinction without a difference? In this project, we will discover the notion of nearness without distance by studying the work of Georg Cantor and a problem he was investigating involving Fourier series. We will see that it is the relationship of points to each other, and not their distances per se, that is a proper view. We will see the roots of topology organically springing from analysis.


Connecting Connectedness, Nicholas A. Scoville Apr 2016

Connecting Connectedness, Nicholas A. Scoville

Topology

No abstract provided.


The Exigency Of The Euclidean Parallel Postulate And The Pythagorean Theorem, Jerry Lodder Apr 2016

The Exigency Of The Euclidean Parallel Postulate And The Pythagorean Theorem, Jerry Lodder

Geometry

No abstract provided.