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Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Life Sciences

University of Vermont

2011

Articles 1 - 3 of 3

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Historical Carbon Emissions And Uptake From The Agricultural Frontier Of The Brazilian Amazon, Gillian L. Galford, Jerry M. Melillo, David W. Kicklighter, John F. Mustard, Timothy W. Cronin, Carlos E.P. Cerri, Carlos C. Cerri Apr 2011

Historical Carbon Emissions And Uptake From The Agricultural Frontier Of The Brazilian Amazon, Gillian L. Galford, Jerry M. Melillo, David W. Kicklighter, John F. Mustard, Timothy W. Cronin, Carlos E.P. Cerri, Carlos C. Cerri

Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources Faculty Publications

Tropical ecosystems play a large and complex role in the global carbon cycle. Clearing of natural ecosystems for agriculture leads to large pulses of CO2 to the atmosphere from terrestrial biomass. Concurrently, the remaining intact ecosystems, especially tropical forests, may be sequestering a large amount of carbon from the atmosphere in response to global environmental changes including climate changes and an increase in atmospheric CO2 Here we use an approach that integrates census-based historical land use reconstructions, remote-sensing-based contemporary land use change analyses, and simulation modeling of terrestrial biogeochemistry to estimate the net carbon balance over the period 1901-2006 for …

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Cost-Effective Conservation: Calculating Biodiversity And Logging Trade-Offs In Southeast Asia, Brendan Fisher, David P. Edwards, Trond H. Larsen, Felicity A. Ansell, Wayne W. Hsu, Carter S. Roberts, David S. Wilcove Jan 2011

Cost-Effective Conservation: Calculating Biodiversity And Logging Trade-Offs In Southeast Asia, Brendan Fisher, David P. Edwards, Trond H. Larsen, Felicity A. Ansell, Wayne W. Hsu, Carter S. Roberts, David S. Wilcove

Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources Faculty Publications

The Sundaland Biodiversity Hotspot of Southeast Asia is widely regarded as one of the most imperiled biodiversity hotspots due to high degrees of endemism coupled with extensive logging and forest conversion to oil palm. The large financial returns to these activities have made it difficult to conserve much of the region's lowland primary forest, suggesting a large trade-off between economic interests and biodiversity conservation. Here, we provide an empirical examination of the magnitude of this trade-off in Borneo. By incorporating both financial values and biodiversity responses across logging regimes, we show that selectively logged forests represent a surprisingly low-cost option …

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Alternative Organic Fungicides For Apple Scab Management And Their Non-Target Effects, Morgan L. Cromwell, Lorraine P. Berkett, Heather M. Darby, Takamaru Ashikaga Jan 2011

Alternative Organic Fungicides For Apple Scab Management And Their Non-Target Effects, Morgan L. Cromwell, Lorraine P. Berkett, Heather M. Darby, Takamaru Ashikaga

College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Faculty Publications

A major challenge in organic apple production in humid production regions is the available fungicide options for apple scab [Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) Wint.] management. The standard sulfur/lime sulfur fungicide program can be injurious to the applicator, the apple ecosystem, and the apple tree itself. The objectives of this study were to compare the efficacy of three potential alternative fungicides [potassium bicarbonate (PB), neem oil (NO), and Bacillus subtilis (Bs)] with a standard organic sulfur/lime sulfur (SLS) fungicide program and a non-treated control (NTC) for management of apple scab and to evaluate potential non-target impacts on pest and beneficial arthropod populations. …

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