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Life Sciences

Selected Works

2013

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Articles 1 - 30 of 199

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Environmental And Socio-Economic Considerations For Aquaculture In Jervis Bay, Nsw, Alyssa Joyce, Ana M. Rubio, Pia C. Winberg Dec 2013

Environmental And Socio-Economic Considerations For Aquaculture In Jervis Bay, Nsw, Alyssa Joyce, Ana M. Rubio, Pia C. Winberg

Dr Pia C Winberg

No abstract provided.

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Kinase Inhibitory, Haemolytic And Cytotoxic Activity Of Three Deep-Water Sponges From North Western Australia And Their Fatty Acid Composition, Ana Zivanovic, Natalie J. Pastro, Jane Fromont, Murray Thomson, Danielle Skropeta Nov 2013

Kinase Inhibitory, Haemolytic And Cytotoxic Activity Of Three Deep-Water Sponges From North Western Australia And Their Fatty Acid Composition, Ana Zivanovic, Natalie J. Pastro, Jane Fromont, Murray Thomson, Danielle Skropeta

Danielle Skropeta

The c-AMP dependent protein kinase (PKA) inhibition, haemolytic activity, and cytoxicity of 21 extracts obtained from North Western Australian sponges collected from depths of 84-135 m were investigated. Hexane extracts from Ircinia/Sarcotragus sp. and Geodia sp. displayed PKA inhibitory activities of 100 and 97% respectively (at 100 μg/mL), while aq. methanol extracts from Haliclona sp. exhibited potent haemolytic activity (75%) and hexane extracts from Geodia sp. were highly toxic (88%) to the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana. As the non-polar extracts gave the greatest PKA inhibition, these were further analysed by GC-MS and 29 fatty acids were identified in the highest …

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Deep-Sea Natural Products, Danielle Skropeta Nov 2013

Deep-Sea Natural Products, Danielle Skropeta

Danielle Skropeta

This review covers the 390 novel marine natural products described to date from deep-water (>50 m)marine fauna, with details on the source organism, its depth and country of origin, along with anyreported biological activity of the metabolites. Relevant synthetic studies on the deep-sea naturalproducts have also been included.

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Misidentification Of Tansy, Tanacetum Macrophyllum, As Yarrow, Achillea Grandifolia: A Health Risk Or Benefit?, Niko Radulovic, Polina Blagojevic, Danielle Skropeta, Aleksandra Zarubica, Bojan Zlatkovic, Radosav Palic´ Nov 2013

Misidentification Of Tansy, Tanacetum Macrophyllum, As Yarrow, Achillea Grandifolia: A Health Risk Or Benefit?, Niko Radulovic, Polina Blagojevic, Danielle Skropeta, Aleksandra Zarubica, Bojan Zlatkovic, Radosav Palic´

Danielle Skropeta

Tansy, Tanacetum macrophyllum (Waldst. & Kit.) Sch. Bip., is often misidentified by herb collectors as yarrow, Achillea grand folia Friv. With the former, cases of poisoning induced by its ingestion are well documented, but the latter is widely used for ethnopharmacological purposes. The aim of this study was to estimate, based on the volatile metabolite profiles of the two species, the potential health risk connected with their misidentification. GC and GC-MS analysis of the essential oils hydrodistilled using a Clevenger-type apparatus from A. grandifolia, T macrophyllum, and two plant samples (reputedly of A. grandifolia, but in fact mixtures of A. …

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Kinase Inhibitors From Marine Sponges, Danielle Skropeta, Natalie Pastro, Ana Zivanovic Nov 2013

Kinase Inhibitors From Marine Sponges, Danielle Skropeta, Natalie Pastro, Ana Zivanovic

Danielle Skropeta

Protein kinases play a critical role in cell regulation and their deregulation is a contributing factor in an increasing list of diseases including cancer. Marine sponges have yielded over 70 novel compounds to date that exhibit significant inhibitory activity towards a range of protein kinases. These compounds, which belong to diverse structural classes, are reviewed herein, and ordered based upon the kinase that they inhibit. Relevant synthetic studies on the marine natural product kinase inhibitors have also been included.

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Structures, Biological Activities And Phylogenetic Relationships Of Terpenoids From Marine Ciliates Of The Genus Euplotes, Graziano Guella, Danielle Skropeta, Graziano Di Giuseppe, Fernando Dini Nov 2013

Structures, Biological Activities And Phylogenetic Relationships Of Terpenoids From Marine Ciliates Of The Genus Euplotes, Graziano Guella, Danielle Skropeta, Graziano Di Giuseppe, Fernando Dini

Danielle Skropeta

In the last two decades, large scale axenic cell cultures of the marine species comprising the family Euplotidae have resulted in the isolation of several new classes of terpenoids with unprecedented carbon skeletons including the (i) euplotins, highly strained acetylated sesquiterpene hemiacetals; (ii) raikovenals, built on the bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane ring system; (iii) rarisetenolides and focardins containing an octahydroazulene moiety; and (iv) vannusals, with a unique C-30 backbone. Their complex structures have been elucidated through a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, molecular mechanics and quantum chemical calculations. Despite the limited number of biosynthetic experiments having been performed, the large …

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Average Mass Scan Of The Total Ion Chromatogram Versus Percentage Chemical Composition In Multivariate Statistical Comparison Of Complex Volatile Mixtures, Niko Radulovic, Polina Blagojevic, Danielle Skropeta Nov 2013

Average Mass Scan Of The Total Ion Chromatogram Versus Percentage Chemical Composition In Multivariate Statistical Comparison Of Complex Volatile Mixtures, Niko Radulovic, Polina Blagojevic, Danielle Skropeta

Danielle Skropeta

The analysis of complex volatile mixtures by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a time-consuming process. It involves separation and identification of the components based on their retention times and fragmentation patterns, followed by determination of their relative percentages from integration of their peak areas. Herein we show that multivariate statistical analysis of the relative abundances of the m/z values obtained from the average mass scans (AMS) of the complex mixture is a faster and potentially more reliable method of assessing these mixtures. To achieve this, 15 model complex mixtures, were prepared comprising varying amounts of 10 different constituents. The AMS …

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Synthesis And Anti-Leukaemic Activity Of Pyrrolo[3,2,1-Hi]Indole-1,2- Diones, Pyrrolo[3,2,1-Ij]Quinoline-1,2-Diones And Other Polycyclic Isatin Derivatives, Lidia Matesic, Julie M. Locke, Kara Vine, Marie Ranson, John B. Bremner, Danielle Skropeta Nov 2013

Synthesis And Anti-Leukaemic Activity Of Pyrrolo[3,2,1-Hi]Indole-1,2- Diones, Pyrrolo[3,2,1-Ij]Quinoline-1,2-Diones And Other Polycyclic Isatin Derivatives, Lidia Matesic, Julie M. Locke, Kara Vine, Marie Ranson, John B. Bremner, Danielle Skropeta

Danielle Skropeta

To further expand the structure–cytotoxic activity relationships of isatin derivatives and to reduce flexibility in substituent groups at nitrogen, 20 analogues incorporating a ring system between the N1 and C7 atoms of isatin were prepared using a variety of synthetic strategies. This yielded pyrroloindole-, pyrroloquinoline-, pyrroloacridine-, pyrrolophenanthridine- and benzopyrrolophenanthridine-based systems with embedded isatin moieties, the latter possessing a novel carbon skeleton. These compounds were subsequently assessed for their in vitro cytotoxicity against human U937 lymphoma cells, with the brominated pyrroloacridine dione 27 showing the most promising activity (IC50 3.01 μM) after 24 h.

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Fatty And Volatile Oils Of The Gypsywort Lycopus Europaeus L. And The Gaussian-Like Distribution Of Its Wax Alkanes, Niko Radulovic, Marija Denic, Zorica Stojanovic-Radic, Danielle Skropeta Nov 2013

Fatty And Volatile Oils Of The Gypsywort Lycopus Europaeus L. And The Gaussian-Like Distribution Of Its Wax Alkanes, Niko Radulovic, Marija Denic, Zorica Stojanovic-Radic, Danielle Skropeta

Danielle Skropeta

The detailed analyses of the volatile essential oil and lipid profiles of the aerial parts from the blooming and fruit-forming stages of both ripe and unripe fruit of Lycopus europaeus (Lamiaceae) are presented. Both of these profiles are distinguished by components with a restricted occurrence in the Plant Kingdom. These rare compounds include (E)-hotrienol in the volatiles, numerous unusual fatty acids (such as very long chain, odd-numbered and branched-chain) in the bound lipids and a high amount of iso- and anteiso-alkanes in the epicuticular waxes. Furthermore, a Gaussian-like distribution of the relative amounts of the epicuticular wax alkanes was observed. …

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Learning How To Be An Academic - The Story Of A New Academic In The Sciences, Danielle Skropeta Nov 2013

Learning How To Be An Academic - The Story Of A New Academic In The Sciences, Danielle Skropeta

Danielle Skropeta

No abstract provided.

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Solid-State And Solution-Phase Conformations Of Pseudoproline-Containing Dipeptides, James R. Cochrane, Nima Sayyadi, Danielle Skropeta, Peter Turner, Jack K. Clegg, Katrina A. Jolliffe Nov 2013

Solid-State And Solution-Phase Conformations Of Pseudoproline-Containing Dipeptides, James R. Cochrane, Nima Sayyadi, Danielle Skropeta, Peter Turner, Jack K. Clegg, Katrina A. Jolliffe

Danielle Skropeta

The conformations of 14 threonine-derived pseudoproline-containing dipeptides (including four d-allo-Thr derivatives) have been investigated by NMR. In solution, the major conformer observed for all dipeptides is that in which the amide bond between the pseudoproline and the preceding amino acid is cis. For dipeptides in which the N-terminus is protected, the ratio of cis- to trans-conformers does not depend significantly on the side chain of the N-terminal amino acid, or the stereochemistry of the Thr residue. However, for dipeptides bearing a free N-terminus, there are significant differences in the ratios of cis- to trans-conformers depending on the side chain present. …

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Real-Time Microbe Detection Based On Director Distortions Around Growing Immune Complexes In Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals, Sergij Shiyanovskii, T. Schneider, Ivan I. Smalyukh, T. Ishikawa, G. D. Niehaus, K. J. Doane, Christopher J. Woolverton, Oleg Lavrentovich Oct 2013

Real-Time Microbe Detection Based On Director Distortions Around Growing Immune Complexes In Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals, Sergij Shiyanovskii, T. Schneider, Ivan I. Smalyukh, T. Ishikawa, G. D. Niehaus, K. J. Doane, Christopher J. Woolverton, Oleg Lavrentovich

Christopher J. Woolverton

We describe director distortions in the nematic liquid crystal (LC) caused by a spherical particle with tangential surface orientation of the director and show that light transmittance through the distorted region is a steep function of the particle's size. The effect allows us to propose a real-time microbial sensor based on a nontoxic lyotropic chromonic LC (LCLC) that detects and amplifies the presence of immune complexes. A cassette is filled with LCLC, antibody, and antigen-bearing particles. Small and isolated particles cause no macroscopic distortions of the LCLC. Upon antibody-antigen binding, the growing immune complexes distort the director and cause detectable …

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Characterizing The Promiscuity Of Ligab, A Lignin Catabolite Degrading Extradiol Dioxygenase From Sphingomonas Paucimobilis Syk-6, Kevin P. Barry, Erika A. Taylor Sep 2013

Characterizing The Promiscuity Of Ligab, A Lignin Catabolite Degrading Extradiol Dioxygenase From Sphingomonas Paucimobilis Syk-6, Kevin P. Barry, Erika A. Taylor

Erika A. Taylor, Ph.D.

LigAB from Sphingomonas paucimobilis SYK-6 is the only structurally characterized dioxygenase of the largely uncharacterized superfamily of Type II extradiol dioxygenases (EDO). This enzyme catalyzes the oxidative ring-opening of protocatechuate (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid or PCA) in a pathway allowing the degradation of lignin derived aromatic compounds (LDACs). LigAB has also been shown to utilize two other LDACs from the same metabolic pathway as substrates, gallate, and 3-O-methyl gallate; however, kcat/KM had not been reported for any of these compounds. In order to assess the catalytic efficiency and get insights into the observed promiscuity of this enzyme, steady-state kinetic analyses were performed …

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Just Add Water: Colonisation, Water Governance, And The Australian Inland, Leah M. Gibbs Sep 2013

Just Add Water: Colonisation, Water Governance, And The Australian Inland, Leah M. Gibbs

Leah Maree Gibbs

Water has played a key role in the development of the Australian inland and the nation. For European colonists, the dry and variable landscape challenged ideas about nature imported from northern temperate regions. I argue first, that colonists brought with them ideas for ordering nature and tools for transforming landscapes that led to inappropriate and destructive water management and the silencing of local voices and knowledge systems. Secondly, colonial patterns of ordering and transforming landscapes are ongoing, but new ways of governing water, which challenge colonialism, are emerging. In the first section of the paper I discuss colonial relationships with …

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An Automated Land Subdivision Tool For Urban And Regional Planning: Concepts, Implementation And Testing, Rohan Wickramasuriya, Laurie A. Chisholm, Marjetta Puotinen, Nicholas Gill, Peter Klepeis Sep 2013

An Automated Land Subdivision Tool For Urban And Regional Planning: Concepts, Implementation And Testing, Rohan Wickramasuriya, Laurie A. Chisholm, Marjetta Puotinen, Nicholas Gill, Peter Klepeis

Rohan Wickramasuriya, Ph.D.

Simulation of the land subdivision process is useful in many applied and research areas. Planners use such tools to understand potential impacts of planning regulations prior to their implementation. While the credibility of both land-use change and urban growth models would be enhanced by integrating capabilities to simulate land subdivision, such research is lacking in the published literature. Of the few subdivision tools that exist, most are either not fully-automated or are unable to generate realistic subdivision layouts. This limits their applicability, particularly for high resolution land-use change models. In this paper, we present a fully-automated land subdivision tool that …

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Synthesis Of Reaction-Ready 6,6 '-Biindole And 6,6 '-Biisatin Via Palladium(Ii)-Catalysed Intramolecular C-H Functionalisation, Allan B. Gamble, Paul A. Keller Sep 2013

Synthesis Of Reaction-Ready 6,6 '-Biindole And 6,6 '-Biisatin Via Palladium(Ii)-Catalysed Intramolecular C-H Functionalisation, Allan B. Gamble, Paul A. Keller

Paul Keller

The first synthesis of a 6,6'-biindole and 6,6'-biisatin scaffold is reported with the penultimate step being the formation of the di-heterocyclic ring by Pd(II)-catalysed intramolecular C-H functionalisation and Sandmeyer cyclisation, respectively.

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The First Syntheses Of Enantiopure 2,2 '-Biindoline, Steven M. Wales, Anthony C. Willis, Paul A. Keller Sep 2013

The First Syntheses Of Enantiopure 2,2 '-Biindoline, Steven M. Wales, Anthony C. Willis, Paul A. Keller

Paul Keller

The first two syntheses of chiral 2,2'-biindoline are reported either in five steps from 2,2'-bioxirane, or three steps from 2,2'-biaziridine, both with exceptional enantiopurity

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Reductive Ring Opening Reactions Of Diphenyldihydrofullerenylpyrroles, William Hawkins, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne Sep 2013

Reductive Ring Opening Reactions Of Diphenyldihydrofullerenylpyrroles, William Hawkins, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne

Paul Keller

The reductive ring opening reaction conditions for the simple [60]fullerenyldihydropyrrole 1 have been optimized to include acetic acid in the reaction mixture to rapidly protonate the anionic intermediate. Under these conditions, the ring opened dihydrofullerene 2 was obtained in 68% yield. Under slightly modified conditions and at −78 °C, the reductive bis-ring opening of the tethered trans-4 isomer 3 provided the novel racemic bis-dihydrofullerenyl derivative 7.

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Revealing Indigenous Indonesian Traditional Medicine: Anti-Infective Agents, Paul A. Keller, Ari Satia Nugraha Sep 2013

Revealing Indigenous Indonesian Traditional Medicine: Anti-Infective Agents, Paul A. Keller, Ari Satia Nugraha

Paul Keller

Indonesia is rich in medicinal plants which the population has used traditionally from generation to generation for curing diseases. Our interest in the treatment of infectious diseases has lead to the investigation of traditional Indonesian treatments. In this review, we present a comprehensive review of ethnopharmacologically directed screening in Indonesian medicinal plants to search for new anti-viral, antimalarial, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal agents. Some potent drug leads have been isolated from Indonesian medicinal plants. Further research is still required for the lead development as well as the search for new bioactive compounds from the enormous medicinal plant resources.

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Binaphthyl-Anchored Antibacterial Tripeptide Derivatives With Hydrophobic C-Terminal Amino Acid Variations, John Bremner, Paul A. Keller, Stephen Pyne, Mark Robertson, Kandasamy Sakthivel, Kittiya Somphol, Dean Baylis, Jonathon A Coates, John Deadman, Dharshini Jeevarajah, David I. Rhodes Sep 2013

Binaphthyl-Anchored Antibacterial Tripeptide Derivatives With Hydrophobic C-Terminal Amino Acid Variations, John Bremner, Paul A. Keller, Stephen Pyne, Mark Robertson, Kandasamy Sakthivel, Kittiya Somphol, Dean Baylis, Jonathon A Coates, John Deadman, Dharshini Jeevarajah, David I. Rhodes

Paul Keller

The facile synthesis of seven new dicationic tripeptide benzyl ester derivatives, with hydrophobic group variations in the C-terminal amino acid component, is described. Moderate to good activity was seen against Gram-positive bacteria in vitro. One cyclohexyl-substituted compound 2c was tested more widely and showed good potency (MIC values ranging from 2–4 μg/mL) against antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococci (VRE, VSE), and against Staphylococcus epidermidis.

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Synthesis Of Novel N-Protected Hydrophobic Phenylalanines And Their Application In Potential Antibacterials, Timothy P. Boyle, J. B. Bremner, Jonathan A. Coates, John Deadman, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne, Kittiya Somphol Sep 2013

Synthesis Of Novel N-Protected Hydrophobic Phenylalanines And Their Application In Potential Antibacterials, Timothy P. Boyle, J. B. Bremner, Jonathan A. Coates, John Deadman, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne, Kittiya Somphol

Paul Keller

An efficient synthesis of two new N-acetyl-4’-arylphenylalanines is described together with their incorporation in to a number of cationic peptoid antibacterial agents, one of which had an MIC of 7.8 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus.

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Phytochemical And Biological Activity Studies Of The Bhutanese Medicinal Plant Corydalis Crispa, Phurpa Wangchuk, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne, Thanapat Sastraruji, Malai Taweechotipatr, Roonglawan Rattanajak, Aunchalee Tonsomboon, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan Sep 2013

Phytochemical And Biological Activity Studies Of The Bhutanese Medicinal Plant Corydalis Crispa, Phurpa Wangchuk, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne, Thanapat Sastraruji, Malai Taweechotipatr, Roonglawan Rattanajak, Aunchalee Tonsomboon, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan

Paul Keller

The chemical constituents and biological activities of Corydalis crispa (Fumariaceae) were investigated for the first time. The phytochemical study resulted in the isolation of nine known isoquinoline alkaloids: protopine (1), 13-oxoprotopine (2), 13-oxocryptopine (3), stylopine (4), coreximine (5), rheagenine (6), ochrobirine (7), sibiricine (8) and bicuculline (9), with complete NMR data for 2 and 3 provided here for the first time. Crude extracts exhibitedsignificant anti-inflammatory (p < 0.01) activity against TNF-alpha production in LPS activated THP-1 cells. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of compounds 2, 4 and 7 and the antiplasmodial activity of compound 5 against P. falciparum strains TM4/8.2 and K1CB1 …

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Antimalarial Alkaloids From A Bhutanese Traditional Medicinal Plant Corydalis Dubia, Phurpa Wangchuk, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne, Anthony C. Willis, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan Sep 2013

Antimalarial Alkaloids From A Bhutanese Traditional Medicinal Plant Corydalis Dubia, Phurpa Wangchuk, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne, Anthony C. Willis, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan

Paul Keller

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Corydalis dubia is used in Bhutanese traditional medicine as a febrifuge and for treating infections in the blood, liver and bile which correlate to the signs and symptoms of malarial and microbial infections. Aim of the study: To validate the ethnopharmacological uses of the plant and to discover potential new therapeutic drug leads. Materials and methods C. dubia was collected from Bhutan and the alkaloids were obtained using acid–base fractionation and separation by repeated column and preparative plate chromatography. The alkaloids were identified from analysis of their physiochemical and spectroscopic data and were tested for antiplasmodial, antimicrobial and …

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Structural Re-Assignment Of The Mono- And Bis-Addition Products From The Addition Reactions Of N-(Diphenylmethylene)Glycinate Esters To [60]Fullerene Under Bingel Conditions, Graham E Ball, Glenn Ashley Burley, Leila Chaker, William Hawkins, James Williams, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne Sep 2013

Structural Re-Assignment Of The Mono- And Bis-Addition Products From The Addition Reactions Of N-(Diphenylmethylene)Glycinate Esters To [60]Fullerene Under Bingel Conditions, Graham E Ball, Glenn Ashley Burley, Leila Chaker, William Hawkins, James Williams, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne

Paul Keller

The addition of N-(diphenylmethylene)glycinate esters (Ph2C=NCH2CO2R) to [60]fullerene under Bingel conditions gives [60]fullerenyldihydropyrroles and not methano[60]fullerenyl iminoesters [C60C(CO2R)(N=CPh2)] as previously reported. Unequivocal evidence for the structure of C60C(CO2Et)(N=CPh2) was provided by INADEQUATE NMR studies on 13C enriched material. New mechanistic details are proposed to account for the formation of [60]fullerenyldihydropyrroles and their reductive ring-opening reactions.

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Comparative Metabolism Of Phenanthro[3,4-B]Thiophene And Benzo[C]Phenanthrene, Jaquan M. Williams Aug 2013

Comparative Metabolism Of Phenanthro[3,4-B]Thiophene And Benzo[C]Phenanthrene, Jaquan M. Williams

Jaquan M Williams

ABSTRACT OF THESIS Comparative Metabolism of Phenanthro[3,4-b]Thiophene And Benzo[c]Phenanthrene Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their sulfur-heterocyclic analogs (thia-PAHs) are commonly occurring persistent environmental contaminants formed by incomplete combustion of organic matter. A number of thia-PAHs have shown significant mutagenic and carcinogenic activities. As noted with PAHs, these chemical contaminants also require metabolic activation in order to exhibit their mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. In the present study, a comparison of the metabolism of highly mutagenic phenanthro[3,4-b]thiophene (P[3,4-b]T) and its weakly mutagenic carbon analogue, benzo[c]phenanthrene (B[c]P), was investigated. Metabolism studies were conducted using liver microsomes from induced rats, un-induced rats, as well …

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Escherichia Coli Heptosyltransferase I: Investigation Of Protein Dynamics Of A Gt-B Structural Enzyme, Erika A. Taylor, Daniel J. Czyzyk, Shreya S. Sawant, Carlos A. Ramirez-Mondragon Aug 2013

Escherichia Coli Heptosyltransferase I: Investigation Of Protein Dynamics Of A Gt-B Structural Enzyme, Erika A. Taylor, Daniel J. Czyzyk, Shreya S. Sawant, Carlos A. Ramirez-Mondragon

Erika A. Taylor, Ph.D.

Heptosyltransferase I (HepI), the enzyme responsible for the transfer of l-glycero-d-manno-heptose to a 3-deoxy-α-d-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosonic acid (Kdo) of the growing core region of lipopolysaccharide, is a member of the GT-B structural class of enzymes. Crystal structures have revealed open and closed conformations of apo and ligand-bound GT-B enzymes, implying that large-scale protein conformational dynamics play a role in their reaction mechanism. Here we report transient kinetic analysis of conformational changes in HepI reported by intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence and present the first real-time evidence of a GT-B enzyme undergoing a substrate binding-induced transition from an open to closed state prior to catalysis.

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Mapping Science Subjects: A Ground Up Approach, Glennys A. O'Brien, Lorna Jarrett, Emily Rose Purser, Christine A. Brown Jul 2013

Mapping Science Subjects: A Ground Up Approach, Glennys A. O'Brien, Lorna Jarrett, Emily Rose Purser, Christine A. Brown

Emily R Purser

The need to clearly demonstrate the components and outcomes of a curriculum is a major factor in the drive for quality assurance manifest across the tertiary education sector. This project is a detailed gathering of commentary and data about the subjects offered in the Faculty of Science, UOW. The project aims to provide a means of tracking concept and skill development through curricula, to identify sharable resources and teaching practice, to clarify support needs and to provide a means for storing and maintaining an ongoing record of commentary and data about each subject. The investigative approach is a type of …

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Improvement In The Inland: Culture And Nature In The Australian Rangelands, Nicholas J. Gill, K. Anderson Jul 2013

Improvement In The Inland: Culture And Nature In The Australian Rangelands, Nicholas J. Gill, K. Anderson

Nicholas J Gill

Few practices were as intimately implicated in effecting the extension of British selves and surfaces to the colonies of Australia, as agricultural and pastoral pursuits. Said Governor Arthur Phillip, soon after the founding of New South Wales: 'There are few things more pleasing than the contemplation of order and useful arrangement on the land arising gradually out of tumult and confusion; and perhaps this satisfaction cannot anywhere be more fully enjoyed than where a settlement of civilised people is fixing itself upon a newly discovered and savage coast' (Phillips, 1789, p.122). Over the course of the subsequent century, the enactment …

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Aboriginal Pastoralism, Social Embeddedness And Cultural Continuity In Central Australia, Nicholas J. Gill Jul 2013

Aboriginal Pastoralism, Social Embeddedness And Cultural Continuity In Central Australia, Nicholas J. Gill

Nicholas J Gill

Aboriginal people are involved in pastoral enterprises throughout the inland and north of Australia. This has generated difficulties as landowners and policymakers struggled with conflicts between Aboriginal social structures and the demands of running commercial businesses. Problems often arose due to imposition of nonindigenous norms regarding land use. It has been suggested that pastoralism can generate social and cultural benefits for Aboriginal landowners, but these have not been investigated in any detail. Drawing on the concept of social embeddedness and fieldwork with Aboriginal pastoralists, this article identifies, describes, and ranks sociocultural benefits arising from Aboriginal pastoralism. Pastoralism fulfilled uniquely Aboriginal …

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Engaging With The (Un)Familiar: Field Teaching In A Multi-Campus Teaching Environment, Nicholas Gill, Michael Adams, Christine Eriksen Jul 2013

Engaging With The (Un)Familiar: Field Teaching In A Multi-Campus Teaching Environment, Nicholas Gill, Michael Adams, Christine Eriksen

Nicholas J Gill

Field trips have long been central to geography, but have been subject to assessment of the role of the 'field' in teaching. At the same time, academics face barriers to running field trips. Distance education and enhanced educational access for non-metropolitan students represented such an obstacle at an Australian university. These obstacles were taken as an opportunity to draw on the regional nature of the students and staff to enhance teaching goals, run critically informed field trips by and manage academic workloads. We evaluate the field trips by conducting surveys and interviews with students and tutors, and as an example …

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