Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

A Quest For A Custom-Made Mesenchymal Stem Cell In The Treatment Of Inflammatory Diseases, Jodi F. Evans Ph.D., Natalie Fernandez, Caroline Winters, Maria Barandica, Abi Ocava, Michael Delsignore, Kristina Coppola

Faculty Works: Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Studies

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent cells that can differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes. These cells are widely studied in tissue regeneration and for their therapeutic effects in inflammatory disease. MSC interact with cells of the innate and adaptive immunity to promote or suppress the inflammatory response. MSC from the bone marrow (D1 MSC) decrease inflammatory responses by lowering macrophage (Mᶲ) secretion of soluble factors such as nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). Aorta-derived MSC (mAo MSC) support the macrophage inflammatory response by contributing to NO secretion and enhancing secretion of TNFα by Mᶲ. Previous …

Acth Enhances Lipid Accumulation In Bone-Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Undergoing Adipogenesis, Jodi F. Evans Ph.D., Thomas Rhodes, Michelle Pazienza

Faculty Works: Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Studies

ACTH is a major hormone of the stress axis or hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. It is derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) the precursor to the melanocortin family of peptides. POMC produces the biologically active melanocortin peptides via a series of enzymatic steps in a tissue-specific manner, yielding the melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSHs), corticotrophin (ACTH) and β-endorphin. The melanocortin system plays an imperative role in energy expenditure, insulin release and insulin sensitivity. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells circulate in the blood stream and as progenitor cells have the potential to differentiate into many cell types such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. Here we …

Mouse Aorta-Derived Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells Contribute To And Enhance The Immune Response Of Macrophage Cells Under Inflammatory Conditions, Jodi F. Evans Ph.D., Veronica Salvador, Sheela George, Cristina Trevino-Gutierrez, Catherine Nunez

Faculty Works: Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Studies

Abstract

Introduction: Mesenchymal progenitor cells interact with immune cells and modulate inflammatory responses. The cellular characteristics required for this modulation are under fervent investigation. Upon interaction with macrophage cells, they can contribute to or suppress an inflammatory response. Current studies have focused on mesenchymal progenitors derived from bone marrow, adipose, and placenta. However, the arterial wall contains many mesenchymal progenitor cells, which during vascular disease progression have the potential to interact with macrophage cells. To examine the consequence of vascular-tissue progenitor cell-macrophage cell interactions in an inflammatory environment, we used a recently established mesenchymal progenitor cell line derived from the …

Does Stress Make You Fat?, Jodi F. Evans Ph.D., Thomas Rhodes, Michelle Pazienza, Catherine Nunez

Faculty Works: Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Studies

ACTH is a major hormone of the stress axis or hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. It is derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) the precursor to the melanocortin family of peptides. POMC produces the biologically active melanocortin peptides via a series of enzymatic steps in a tissue-specific manner, yielding the melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSHs), corticotrophin (ACTH) and β-endorphin. The melanocortin system plays an imperative role in energy expenditure, insulin release and insulin sensitivity. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells circulate in the blood stream and as progenitor cells have the potential to differentiate into many cell types such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. Here we …

High Glucose Enhances The Proliferation Effects Of Stress Hormones In Mesenchymal Stem Cell Cultures, Jodi F. Evans Ph.D., Nancy Abrego, Louis Ragolia

Faculty Works: Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Studies

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are the progenitor cells to connective tissue cells, epithelial cells, and smooth muscle cells. These cells are currently being investigated as a cellular source for tissue regeneration and repair. The systemic and local tissue environment may have significant influence on the success of such efforts. We hypothesized that elevated glucose and exposure to stress hormones would influence the proliferation of MSC. MSC from the bone marrow of Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were grown under both low glucose (5 mM) and high glucose (20 nM) conditions in the presence and absence of the synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, and adrenocorticotropin …

Stress Axis Hormones Induce Triglyceride Filled Nodule Formation In Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells, Jodi F. Evans Ph.D., Michelle Vigliotti, Pamela Tello

Faculty Works: Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Studies

Homeostatic stress, such as that which occurs in diabetes, is associated with increased risk for the development of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic plaques of the artery wall are associated with both lipid accumulation and fibrous and/or calcified tissue accumulation. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) which are capable of differentiating into adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteoblasts. MSC of the bone marrow are pushed toward the chondrogenic and adipogenic phenotypes in the presence of the stress hormones glucocorticoid and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH). This led us to hypothesize that the proliferative VSMC of the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) diabetic rat, when exposed …