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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Triggering Of Volcanic Activity By Large Earthquakes, Dulcinea M. Avouris
Triggering Of Volcanic Activity By Large Earthquakes, Dulcinea M. Avouris
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
Statistical analyses of temporal relationships between large earthquakes and volcanic eruptions suggest seismic waves may trigger eruptions even over great (>1000 km) distances, although the causative mechanism is not well constrained. In this study the relationship between large earthquakes and subtle changes in volcanic activity was investigated in order to gain greater insight into the relationship between dynamic stresses propagated by surface waves and volcanic response. Daily measurements from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), onboard the Aura satellite, provide constraints on volcanic sulfur-dioxide (SO2) emission rates as a measure of subtle changes in activity. Time series of …
Automation Of Shear-Wave Splitting Parameter Determination Of Local Earthquakes At Yellowstone : Application As Indicator Of Crustal Stress And Temporal Variation , Nicole D. Mcmahon
Automation Of Shear-Wave Splitting Parameter Determination Of Local Earthquakes At Yellowstone : Application As Indicator Of Crustal Stress And Temporal Variation , Nicole D. Mcmahon
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
Shear-wave splitting can be a useful technique for determining crustal stress fields in volcanic settings and temporal variations associated with activity. Splitting parameters were determined for a subset of local earthquakes recorded from 2000-2010 at Yellowstone. Analysis was automated using an unsupervised cluster analysis technique to determine optimum splitting parameters from 270 analysis windows for each event. Six stations clearly exhibit preferential fast polarization values sub-orthogonal to the direction of minimum horizontal compression. Yellowstone deformation results in a local crustal stress field differing from the regional field dominated by NE-SW extension, and fast directions reflect this difference rotating around the …
Dynamics And Kinematics Of Eruptive Activity At Fuego Volcano, Guatemala 2005-2009, John J. Lyons
Dynamics And Kinematics Of Eruptive Activity At Fuego Volcano, Guatemala 2005-2009, John J. Lyons
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
Volcanoes are the surficial expressions of complex pathways that vent magma and gasses generated deep in the Earth. Geophysical data record at least the partial history of magma and gas movement in the conduit and venting to the atmosphere. This work focuses on developing a more comprehensive understanding of explosive degassing at Fuego volcano, Guatemala through observations and analysis of geophysical data collected in 2005 – 2009. A pattern of eruptive activity was observed during 2005 – 2007 and quantified with seismic and infrasound, satellite thermal and gas measurements, and lava flow lengths. Eruptive styles are related to variable magma …