Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Effects Of Evapotranspiration Upon Recharge Using The Stable Isotopes Of Oxygen And Hydrogen In The Carbonate Aquifers Of The Cumberland Plateau In Southeast Kentucky, Lee J. Florea

Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.

In this brief manuscript, we consider the variation of the stable isotopes of oxygen, δ18O, and hydrogen, δ2H, in samples collected during 2010 and 2011 from precipitation and shallow groundwater along the Cumberland Plateau of southeast Kentucky. These data from the 1,900-ha Redmond Creek karst aquifer lend insight into the source and timing of recharge to shallow groundwater in the epigenic karst of the U.S midcontinent. Specifically, we find that only 43% of precipitation remains as potential recharge after accounting for evapotranspiration, and 85% of this potential recharge occurs during only four two-week sampling periods. The isotopic composition of precipitation …

Insight Into Volatile Behavior At Nyamuragira Volcano (D.R. Congo, Africa) Through Olivine-Hosted Melt Inclusions, Elisabet M. Head, Alison M. Shaw, Paul J. Wallace, Kenneth W. W. Sims, Simon A. Carn

Elisabet Head

[1] We present new olivine-hosted melt inclusion volatile (H20, C02, S, Cl, F) and major element data from five historic eruptions ofNyamuragira volcano (1912, 1938, 1948, 1986, 2006). Host-olivine Mg#'s range from 71 to 84, with the exception of the 1912 sample (Mg# = 90}.lnclusion compositions extend from alkali basalts to basanite-tephritcs. Our results indicate inclusion entrapment over depths ranging from 3 to 5 km, which agree with independent estimates of magma storage depths (3-7 km) based on geophysical methods. Melt compositions derived from the 1986 and 2006 Nyamuragira tephra samples best represent pre-eruptive volatile compositions because these samples contain …

Application Of A Cave Inventory System To Stimulate Development Of Management Strategies: The Case Of West-Central Florida, Usa, Leslie North

Leslie North

Thermal Fluid And Fault Interactions At The Intersection Of Two Faults, Agua Caliente, California, Rebekah Wood, James Evans

Rebekah Wood

Agua Caliente Springs lies at a unique intersection between the NNW-trending Elsinore fault and the 40° northeast-dipping, likely inactive West Salton detachment fault; it provides an opportunity to study damage zone geometry, fault behavior in crystalline rocks, a left-stepover, microseismicity, and the influence of thermal fluids on rock deformation. The Elsinore fault bounds the northwestern flank of the Tierra Blanca Mountains with strike-slip and normal motion; the detachment fault wraps around the northernmost portion of the mountains. Damage along the Elsinore ranges in thickness from a narrow slip plane to > 100 m along the eastern flank of the Tierra Blanca …

Thermal Fluid And Fault Interactions At The Intersection Of Two Faults, Agua Caliente, California, Rebekah Wood, James P. Evans

Rebekah Wood

No abstract provided.

Bedrock Geology Of The East Brookfield 7.5 Min. Quadrangle (Ebq), South-Central Massachusetts: Structural And Petrologic Evidence For The Nature Of Regional Deformation And Kinematics Of The Southern Central Maine Zone, Thomas Bradley Walker

Thomas Bradley Walker

Across-strike shortening from Maine to Connecticut is the most conspicuous orogen-scale feature of the New England Appalachians. Mapping (1:24000) and structural analysis in the EBQ and adjacent quads demonstrate that shortening in the southern Central Maine zone was accommodated by orogen-parallel elongation and orogen-normal flattening and thrusting. Map units are Rangeley Fm. (Sil-Bt-Grt schist and gneiss, Bt-Pl±Grt granofels; thin marble layers); Paxton Fm. (Bt-Pl±Grt granofels; calc-silicate granofels; Bt-Sil-Grt schist); tonalitic Bt orthogneiss (Bt-Pl-Qtz±Grt); migmatitic felsic and mafic gneisses and amphibolite; and leucopegmatites (10-m-scale thickness). Foliations (primarily compositional layering, leucosomes in the plane of flattening, Bt SPO, flattened quartz and feldspar …

Soil Development And Glacial History, West Fork Of Beaver Creek, Uinta Mountains, Utah, Daniel C. Douglass, David M. Mickelson

Daniel Douglass

The dominant mechanisms of soil formation on a sequence of Smiths Fork, Blacks Fork, and Pre–Blacks Fork moraines in West Fork of Beaver Creek, Uinta Mountains, Utah, (equivalent to Pinedale, Bull Lake, and Pre–Bull Lake moraines of the Wind River Range, respectively) are clay translocation (argilluviation), increasing soil redness (rubification), and the accumulation of organic matter (melanization) and silt-sized particles. The quantity of clay-sized particles and degree of soil redness increase with soil age, but clay accumulation may plateau in the oldest soils. In contrast, the quantity of accumulated organic matter and abundance of silt-sized particles do not appear to …

A Picture Is Worth 972 Words: The Old, Red Barn, Chris Laingen

Chris Laingen

No abstract provided.

Historic And Contemporary Trends Of The Conservation Reserve Program And Ring-Necked Pheasants In South Dakota, Chris Laingen

Chris Laingen

Over the past century, the interactions between agricultural land use and government cropland retirement programs have affected pheasant population change. Two government land retirement programs that returned croplands to grasslands, Soil Bank in the 1960s and the current Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), help to illustrate these connections. From 2007 to 2010, South Dakota lost 41% of its CRP lands and experienced an 18% decline in pheasants per mile. However, because of where CRP expirations have occurred and where pheasant populations are found , some regional variability is seen. Western South Dakota (Region 1) had an 80% increase in pheasants per …

Adding Another Notch To America’S Corn Belt, Chris Laingen

Chris Laingen

No abstract provided.

The Use Of A Karstic Cave System In A Study Of Active Tectonics: Fault Movements Recorded At Driny Cave, Malé Karpaty Mts (Slovakia), Miloš Briestenský, Josef Stemberk, Jozef Michalík, Pavel Bella, Matt D. Rowberry

Matt D Rowberry

This paper reports on a study of active tectonics undertaken in the intracratonic setting of central Europe in the junction zone between Eastern Alps and Western Carpathians. The study site is focused on the karstic system of Driny Cave in the Malé Karpaty Mts, Slovakia. A range of geological, geomorphological, and in situ displacement data are presented. From previous geological mapping and our slickenside analyses, it is clear that the cave system has developed along significant fault structures. Further geomorphological investigations pointed towards ongoing faulting and block movements. For example, a number of slope failures can be seen on the …

Identifying The Stream Erosion Potential Of Cave Levels In Carter Cave State Resort Park, Kentucky, Usa, Eric Peterson, Brianne Jacoby, Toby Dogwiler

Eric Wade Peterson

Cave levels, passages found at similar elevations and formed during the same constant stream base level event, reveal information about paleoclimates and karst geomorphology. The investigation presented here examines how Stream Power Index (SPI) relates to cave levels. The study area, Carter Caves State Resort Park (CCSRP), is a fluviokarst system in northeastern Kentucky containing multiple cave levels. SPI deter-mines the erosive power overland flow based on the assumption that flow accumulation and slope are proportional to potential for sediment entrainment. Part of this digital terrain analysis requires the creation of a flow accumulation raster from a digital elevation model …

Quantitative Characterization Of Glacier State And Dynamics In South Asia And Validation In Alaska Using Repeat Aster Multispectral And Terrain Information., Umesh Haritashya

Umesh Haritashya

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Total Amount $682,808. Role: Collaborator. Project duration: January 1, 2011 – December 31, 2013.

Using Gis To Identify Cave Levels And Discern The Speleogenesis Of The Carter Caves Karst Area, Kentucky, Lara Harlan, Eric Wade Peterson, Toby J. Dogwiler

Eric Wade Peterson

Temporal Stability Of Cave Sediments, Kevin Hughes, Eric Wade Peterson

Eric Wade Peterson