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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Additions To The Late Tertiary Floras Of The Pacific Northwest, George F. Beck
Additions To The Late Tertiary Floras Of The Pacific Northwest, George F. Beck
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The purpose of this paper and those which will follow, is to present new types of flora found in several older leaf localities of the Pacific Northwest. A study will also be made of a number of new localities as yet not reported upon in the literature. The present paper refers to several new species found at the Bull Quarry, Ellensburg, and the Brickyard locality, Spokane, Washington. Both sites have been studied and reported upon in the past, as noted in attached bibliography.
Washington Petrified Forests-Ginkgo Exotic Forest, George F. Beck
Washington Petrified Forests-Ginkgo Exotic Forest, George F. Beck
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Seven years ago we began our study of the Ginkgo Petrified Forest in Central Washington. This is in reality a series of forests occurring at various horizons in the Yakima ( and Wenas?) basalts throughout a vertical range of some 2,000 feet, and in a belt 150 miles long, and 50 miles wide, centering at Vantage on the Columbia River.
Determination Of Fossil Woods (Basswood In Ellensburg Formation), George F. Beck
Determination Of Fossil Woods (Basswood In Ellensburg Formation), George F. Beck
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From time to time isolated, rounded pebbles of petrified wood have been encountered in the Ellensburg gravels that overlie the Columbia Basalts in Central Washington. Recently a sufficient number of these specimens were collected to justify a study of the petrified woods of this above-named formation.
Determining Fossil Woods (Western Conifers), George F. Beck
Determining Fossil Woods (Western Conifers), George F. Beck
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In this paper we come to consider the problem of the coniferous woods. One cannot always recognize with certainty that a given wood is a conifer, yet in ninety percent of the specimens recognition is simple.
Determination Of Fossil Woods (Part V-Beech-Sycamore-Alder), George F. Beck
Determination Of Fossil Woods (Part V-Beech-Sycamore-Alder), George F. Beck
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The group of woods considered in this paper are only superficially alike—no implication that they are closely related is intended. The beginner will almost certainly confuse the compound rays of these various woods with their annual rings.
Determination Of Fossil Woods (Part Iv-Walnut-Hickory-Persimmon), George F. Beck
Determination Of Fossil Woods (Part Iv-Walnut-Hickory-Persimmon), George F. Beck
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These three woods undoubtedly ranged over Western America in Tertiary and were well represented in the Ginkgo series of forest during Miocene. Fossil walnut wood is the more abundant of the three species, while hickory is not common.
Determination Of Fossil Woods (Part Iii-The Elms), George F. Beck
Determination Of Fossil Woods (Part Iii-The Elms), George F. Beck
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The elms are among the best known and most beloved trees found native to America. Like the redwood they belong to that large group of trees which in preglacial days grew generally over the northern hemisphere.
Determination Of Fossil Woods (Part Ii-The Oaks), George F. Beck
Determination Of Fossil Woods (Part Ii-The Oaks), George F. Beck
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The oaks, unlike the sacred ginkgo or temple tree, are thriving throughout the northern hemisphere today. Not only is the oak an entirely familiar and abundant element in existing landscapes, but its history goes back into the centuries and ages. Its leaves and woods are generously represented in fossil forests as far back as the early Tertiary and closely allied forms penetrate as far back as the Cretaceous.
Wood Occurring In The Ginkgo And Associated Petrified Forest (No. 1-The Gingko), George F. Beck
Wood Occurring In The Ginkgo And Associated Petrified Forest (No. 1-The Gingko), George F. Beck
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The most interesting single fossil tree, but at the same time the most difficult to determine in the Ginkgo Petrified Forest (Washington), is the tree after which this unusual petrified forest takes its name. The ginkgo is not only the world's oldest and most remarkable living tree, but it has long been regarded as holding the most striking fossil record of any living thing, plant or animal.
Grinding Thin Sections For Determining Petrified Woods, George F. Beck
Grinding Thin Sections For Determining Petrified Woods, George F. Beck
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The collector and student of petrified woods cannot long be satisfied to merely place these colorful and interesting specimens in the cabinet with the mere label, "petrified wood." Frequently determining the types of wood which once thrived in a given area is of importance to give a clue to climatic conditions of past geological ages. The collector should at least be qualified to recognize the more common woods and distinguish one family of trees from another.