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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Using Genetics To Assess Differentiation Among Raccoons In An Area With Variable Rabies Status In Alabama, Shylo Johnson, Antoinette J. Piaggio, Melissa Neubaum, Mike Dunbar
Using Genetics To Assess Differentiation Among Raccoons In An Area With Variable Rabies Status In Alabama, Shylo Johnson, Antoinette J. Piaggio, Melissa Neubaum, Mike Dunbar
Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings
The western spread of raccoon rabies in Alabama has been slow and even appears to regress eastward periodically. While the disease has been present in the state for over 30 years, areas in northwest Alabama are devoid of raccoon rabies. This variation resulting in an enzootic area of raccoon rabies primarily in southeastern Alabama may be due to landscape features that hinder the movement of raccoons (i.e., gene flow) among different locations. We used 11 raccoon-specific microsatellite markers to obtain individual genotypes to examine gene flow among areas that were rabies free, enzootic with rabies, or had only sporadic reports …
Vole Problems, Management Options, And Research Needs In The United States, Gary W. Witmer, Nathan P. Snow, L. Humberg, T. Salmon
Vole Problems, Management Options, And Research Needs In The United States, Gary W. Witmer, Nathan P. Snow, L. Humberg, T. Salmon
Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings
Voles (Microtus spp.) are ubiquitous to the northern hemisphere. Numerous species occur in North America and several species cause significant damage of various types: food crops, livestock forage production (e.g., alfalfa), nursery trees, reforestation, orchards, rangeland forage, and damage to lawns, golf courses and ground cover. Much research has been conducted with voles and a number of management options have been developed, including habitat manipulation, rodenticides, traps, repellents, barriers, supplemental feeding, and increased natural predation. However, significant damage still occurs because voles are not easily managed. Voles are small and secretive, prolific, active year-round, able to exploit refugia, and …
Methodology To Estimate Cost Savings Associated With The Use Of Trap Monitor Systems By Wildlife Services, Karen Gebhardt, Stephanie A. Shwiff, Bruce Leland, Dusty Hatchett, Mike J. Bodenchuk
Methodology To Estimate Cost Savings Associated With The Use Of Trap Monitor Systems By Wildlife Services, Karen Gebhardt, Stephanie A. Shwiff, Bruce Leland, Dusty Hatchett, Mike J. Bodenchuk
Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings
Legislative changes to regulations surrounding the use of traps and other capture devices have unambiguously impacted the manner in which these devices can be used. In many cases the revisions to trapping legislation have resulted in shortened trap check intervals. This change has increased the costs of using capture devices and decreased the efficiency of Wildlife Services (WS) specialists working in the field. The use of trap monitors may result in cost savings and increased efficiency. Trap monitor systems function as a remote notification system that can identify trap status. These monitor systems can be used as an alternative to …
Trends In Summer Coyote And Wolf Predation On Sheep In Idaho During A Period Of Wolf Recovery, Alegra Galle, Mark Collinge, Richard Engeman
Trends In Summer Coyote And Wolf Predation On Sheep In Idaho During A Period Of Wolf Recovery, Alegra Galle, Mark Collinge, Richard Engeman
Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings
Before the reintroduction of gray wolves (Canis lupus) to Idaho in 1995–1996, the primary depredation problem for livestock producers in summer was coyote (Canis latrans) predation on sheep and lambs. Since the reintroduction and biological recovery of wolves in Idaho, wolf predation on livestock has become a bigger problem in some areas than coyote predation. We evaluated trends in predation on sheep by coyotes and wolves in Idaho during the summer months, when most sheep are grazed on United States Forest Service (USFS) grazing allotments and are most vulnerable to wolf predation. An analysis of the …
A Field-Test Of Rhodamine B As A Biomarker In Raccoons, Tricia Fry, Tara Baranowski, Brandi Hughey, Mike Dunbar
A Field-Test Of Rhodamine B As A Biomarker In Raccoons, Tricia Fry, Tara Baranowski, Brandi Hughey, Mike Dunbar
Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings
Rhodamine B is a dye that when ingested results in fluorescent bands in growing hair and whiskers of many mammals. Previous research at Wildlife Services’ (WS) National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) found that rhodamine B is a successful biomarker in raccoon whiskers and that raccoons do not have a taste aversion to the dye when it comprises ≤ 3% of a bait. Our study assessed the ease of bait distribution, whisker collection, and evaluation of the biomarker for potential use in the Oral Rabies Vaccination (ORV) program administered by the WS National Rabies Management Program (NRMP). In collaboration with WS …
Habitat And Bird Communities At Small Airports In The Midwestern Usa, Travis L. Devault, Jacob Kubel, Olin E. Rhodes Jr., Richard Dolbeer
Habitat And Bird Communities At Small Airports In The Midwestern Usa, Travis L. Devault, Jacob Kubel, Olin E. Rhodes Jr., Richard Dolbeer
Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings
Despite a substantial amount of information available on bird and other wildlife strikes at large international airports, relatively few researchers have considered bird hazards at smaller general aviation (GA) airports and airfields. However, small airports often are located in rural areas, and the potential for wildlife strikes may be significant, especially because airworthiness standards related to bird strikes are much less stringent for GA aircraft compared to commercial aircraft. In this study, we conducted habitat assessments (onsite land-cover evaluations and Geographic Information System analyses) and seasonal bird surveys (walking transects) over a period of 1 year at 10 small airports …
Human Dimensions Of Invasive Vertebrate Species Management, Gary W. Witmer, G. M. Keirn, N. Hawley, C. Martin, J. K. Reaser
Human Dimensions Of Invasive Vertebrate Species Management, Gary W. Witmer, G. M. Keirn, N. Hawley, C. Martin, J. K. Reaser
Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings
Invasive vertebrate species can cause substantial damage to natural resources, property, crops, livestock, and pose a disease hazard to humans, native wildlife and domestic animals. Numerous island species have become extinct or are threatened with extinction from invasive species. The high rate of invasive species introductions continues because of the large volumes of world trade and international travel. Humans are often responsible for introductions, but are also the key to their prevention, management, and eradication. However, many of the values and perceptions of invasive species vary among humans. Hence, the prevention and control of invasive vertebrates often requires adjusting human …
Evolving Bird Management Research At The Usda Wildlife Service’S National Wildlife Research Center, Mark Tobin
Evolving Bird Management Research At The Usda Wildlife Service’S National Wildlife Research Center, Mark Tobin
Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings
As the methods-development arm of the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Wildlife Services program, the National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) is charged with developing tools and information for protecting agriculture, human health and safety, and property from problems caused by wildlife, including birds. Increasingly the NWRC is being asked to provide basic ecological information on the population status of various bird species, and its role is expanding from a reactive one of providing management options to that of predicting long-term implications of various management actions. This paper describes several areas of research by NWRC scientists to address population-level questions in support …
An Overview Of The International Beaver Ecology And Management Workshop, Jimmy Taylor Ii, David Bergman, Dale L. Nolte
An Overview Of The International Beaver Ecology And Management Workshop, Jimmy Taylor Ii, David Bergman, Dale L. Nolte
Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings
On 9–12 October 2007, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services (WS) hosted the International Beaver Ecology and Management Workshop in Chandler, Arizona. The workshop was jointly sponsored by the Multi-City Sub-Regional Operations Group (SROG), Tres Rios Ecosystem Restoration and Flood Control Project and WS. The SROG management is comprised of representatives from the cities of Phoenix, Mesa, Glendale, Scottsdale, and Tempe. The workshop emphasized the management of beaver, their ecology, the part they play as a keystone species, and the issues they cause as an invasive species outside of the United States. The …
Black Bear Activity And Visitation Patterns At Human Food Sources In Utah, Dustin Ranglack, Kari Signor, Kevin Bunnell, John Shivik
Black Bear Activity And Visitation Patterns At Human Food Sources In Utah, Dustin Ranglack, Kari Signor, Kevin Bunnell, John Shivik
Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings
Bear activity and behaviors in areas of human use or proximity require research because of significant and potentially dangerous conflicts between humans and bears. Previous studies in areas of the country outside of Utah determined that black bears (Ursus americanus) tend to exhibit diurnal or crepuscular activity patterns. Activity patterns, however, may be influenced by humans, especially in urbanized landscapes or in areas such as campgrounds where anthropogenic food resources are available. Our study objectives were to determine bear activity schedules and changes in visitation patterns to regularly supplied anthropogenic food sites in the La Sal Mountains of …