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Environmental Sciences

1981

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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Radionuclides In Dardanelle Lake In The Area Of The Nuclear I Facility: 1979-1981, D. M. Chittenden Ii Dec 1981

Radionuclides In Dardanelle Lake In The Area Of The Nuclear I Facility: 1979-1981, D. M. Chittenden Ii

Technical Reports

The variations of the concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs at four stations in Dardanelle Reservoir were analyzed as functions of two parameters: concentration of ionic species and the activity released, Ar, from the two 900 Mw reactors which use the reservoir as a source of cooling water. Multiple regression analyses were performed on the radionuclide concentrations using the two parameters as predictors. The analyses indicated that 90Sr is in a state of equilibrium between the solution and the suspended sediment. The position of the equilibrium was found to be quite sensitive to changes in the concentration of alkaline earth cations, …

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A Salt And Water Balance Model For A Silt Loam Soil Cropped To Rice And Soybean, J. T. Gilmour, J. A. Ferguson, B. R. Wells Dec 1981

A Salt And Water Balance Model For A Silt Loam Soil Cropped To Rice And Soybean, J. T. Gilmour, J. A. Ferguson, B. R. Wells

Technical Reports

A computer model was developed which described salt and water balances for a silt loam soil common to the Grand Praire physiographic region of Arkansas. A ten year period of weather data (1966-75) was used as input data for two divergent cases in regard to salt accumulation. Case one was a rice-soybean rotation with soybean irrigated, while case two was a rice-soybean-soybean rotation with soybean not irrigated. Salts considered were calcium, magnesium, sodium, sulfate and chloride as well as the precipitate, calcium carbonate. Where soybeans were not irrigated less evapotranspiration, more infiltration and less runoff were observed during the fallow …

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Volume 5, Number 12 (December 1981), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison Dec 1981

Volume 5, Number 12 (December 1981), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

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Monthly Planet, 1981, December, Jim Springer, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University Dec 1981

Monthly Planet, 1981, December, Jim Springer, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University

The Planet

No abstract provided.

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Water Current, Volume 13, No. 6, November/December 1981 Nov 1981

Water Current, Volume 13, No. 6, November/December 1981

Water Current Newsletter

Water Seminars Start in January
UNL Coordinates Three University Study of 1976-77 Drought Relief Program
1980 River Basin Proceedings Published
Water Planning Update
NWRC Staffer Now Fellow at UNL Great Plains Center
Research Review: Distribution of Nitrogen Under Native Range Cultivated Fields in the Nebraska Sandhills
Nebraska Could Add Muscle to Interstate Water Negotiations
Laws Prevent Use of Permit System in Nebraska's Sandhills
Fischbach Predicts Irrigation Scheduling Will Catch On
Comments Wanted on Newsletter Format

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John Muir Newsletter, November 1981, Holt-Atherton Pacific Center For Western Studies Nov 1981

John Muir Newsletter, November 1981, Holt-Atherton Pacific Center For Western Studies

Muir Center Newsletters, 1981-2015

Holt-Atherton Pacific Center for Western Studies *_~fc~_j«t-fc University of the Pacific Stockton, Calif 95211 VOLUME 1 .NOVEMBER 1981 NUMBER 5 EDITORIAL STAFF: RONALD H. LIMBAUGH. JANICE D. MAGDICH URGENT URGENT- .—-URGENT ■ URGENT 'We have just received word from the Coalition to Save our Documentary Heritage that Congress will act within the next few days on an appropriations bill(H.R. Ul2l) for the National Archives which includes an earmarked amount of "up to" three million dollars for the National Historical Publications and Records Commission, the funding agency for the John Muir Microform Project. Since each side has proposed separate legislation, a …

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Characterization Of La Verkin Springs Water And Methods For Its Reuse In Energy Development, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation Nov 1981

Characterization Of La Verkin Springs Water And Methods For Its Reuse In Energy Development, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation

Water

Analytical water data obtained from a 9-month test program at the LVS (LaVerkin Springs) site, which is located in Washington County, Southwestern Utah, were evaluated. Fresh water and the water after processing through various pretreatment steps and after ED (electrodialysis) desalting and by desalting processes was demonstrated by the LVS site test program. The relative merit of different methods of treatment, disposal, and reuse of LVS water were studied. The objectives of the study were to evaluate methods for preventing high salinity LVS water from entering the Virgin River and for utilizing the processed water in energy development. The disposal …

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Volume 5, Number 11 (November 1981), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison Nov 1981

Volume 5, Number 11 (November 1981), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

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Monthly Planet, 1981, November, Jim Springer, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University Nov 1981

Monthly Planet, 1981, November, Jim Springer, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University

The Planet

No abstract provided.

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The Probe, Issue 17 - November 1981 Nov 1981

The Probe, Issue 17 - November 1981

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE National Animal Damage Control Association November, 1981
It is now time to pay your dues.
Bats roosting in an attic can provide a free and easy way to keep a house warm in winter.
THE NO ANTIDOTE 1080
ORCHARD MOUSE CONTROL
The highly publicized "Adopt-a-Horse" program of the FRIENDS UF ANIMALS that was foisted on the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is undergoing reevaluation.
NADCA ANNUAL MEETING
ASTM SYMPOSIUM ANNOUNCEMENT
WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT ON PUBLIC LANDS
Cats won't chase birds at the bird feeder if you feed the birds lemon-scented bird seed.
The killing of the three-year old by …

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A Benefit Cost Analysis Of A Soil Erosion Control Program For The Northern Watershed Of Lake Chicot, Arkansas, C. Tim Osborn, Alan D. Mcqueen, Robert N. Shulstad Nov 1981

A Benefit Cost Analysis Of A Soil Erosion Control Program For The Northern Watershed Of Lake Chicot, Arkansas, C. Tim Osborn, Alan D. Mcqueen, Robert N. Shulstad

Technical Reports

Lake Chicot, a 5,025-acre oxbow lake created by the ancient meandering of the Mississippi River, is located near the town of Lake Village in Chicot County of southeastern Arkansas (Fig. 1). Today the lake is separated into a northern basin of 1,154 acres and a southern basin of 3,871 acres by a levee maintained by the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission (Fig. 2). The entire lake once offered excellent fishing and recreational benefits. But with channelization in the drainage basin and final closure of the Cypress Creek gap along the Mississippi River levee in 1920, drainage and flood waters from …

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Fifth Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop: Proceedings -- Frontmatter And Contents Oct 1981

Fifth Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop: Proceedings -- Frontmatter And Contents

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

WORKSHOP CHAIRPERSONS
Ron J. Johnson — Extension Wildlife Specialist, Department of Forestry, Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Robert M. Timm - - Extension Vertebrate Pest Specialist, Department of Forestry, Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Nebraska - Lincoln

POSTER SESSION CHAIRPERSON
Ronald M. Case — Professor, Department of Forestry, Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Nebraska - Lincoln

PANEL AND SESSION CHAIRPERSONS
William D. Fitzwater — Director, bioLOGIC Consultants, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Roger E. Gold — Coordinator, Environmental Programs, University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Walter E. Howard — Professor and Ecologist, Wildlife and Fisheries Biology, University of California, Davis …

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Efficacy And Costs Of Four Rodenticides For Controlling Columbian Ground Squirrels In Western Montana, Steven W. Albert, C. Raymond Record Oct 1981

Efficacy And Costs Of Four Rodenticides For Controlling Columbian Ground Squirrels In Western Montana, Steven W. Albert, C. Raymond Record

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Efficacy and costs of four rodenticides for the control of Columbian ground squirrels were compared in western Montana. Reductions in surface ground squirrel activity and costs per 100 burrows treated for the various treatments were: 1080 oat groats 99.6%-$3.11, gas cartridges 72.2%-$26.57, strychnine oats 64.2%-$3.06, zinc phosphide cabbage 60.9%-$8.48, zinc phosphide oats 41.3%-$3.15, and strychnine cabbage 14.4%-$9.58. Surface deaths associated with 1080 amounted to 2.35 ground squirrels per 100 burrows treated. Above ground death rates for the remaining treatments were negligible or nonexistent for both target and non-target species. One white-footed deer mouse was found dead on the strychnine cabbage …

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Bird-Vectored Diseases, P.M. Gough, J.W. Beyer Oct 1981

Bird-Vectored Diseases, P.M. Gough, J.W. Beyer

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Although property damage and losses can be inflicted by wild birds throughout the entire year, avian-vectored diseases of livestock are primarily a winter phenomenon in the Great Plains states. Reasons for this include the following: (1) During the winter season the birds congregate in flocks of sufficient size to be of epidemiologic significance. (2) There is a high degree of interaction between birds and livestock only when limited food induces the birds to forage among confined animals and when adverse weather forces the birds to seek shelter in housing units for livestock. (3) Colder temperatures increase the time of survival …

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Outwitting The House Sparrow [Passer Domesticus (Linnaeus)], William D. Fitzwater Oct 1981

Outwitting The House Sparrow [Passer Domesticus (Linnaeus)], William D. Fitzwater

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

With the decline of house sparrow populations during the first quarter of this century, control research attention shifted to other avian species so little new is available on either life history studies or management. Solutions to animal damage control problems are generally through (1) environmental controls, (2) protection of crops and/or sites, and (3) population reduction. In the case of sparrow problems, environmental controls are of limited application as the birds prefer the habitat modifications made by man. Protection of crops or sites relies on repellents which are generally ineffective against this particular species. The only viable population level controls …

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Ipm - An Overview, R.E. Gold Oct 1981

Ipm - An Overview, R.E. Gold

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a term that is widely used, but little understood. The Federal Interagency IPM Coordinating Committee adopted the description of IPM as "a systems approach to reduce pest damage to tolerable levels through a variety of techniques, including predators and parasites, genetically resistant hosts, natural environmental modifications and, when necessary and appropriate, chemical pesticides." Essentially, the ultimate goal of IPM programs is to reduce pest populations to "tolerable levels". This may be a departure from more traditional approaches to pest control that advocated the elimination or eradication of pest populations. Another postulate of IPM is that …

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Pyrotechnics For Bird Control, Geral L. Long Oct 1981

Pyrotechnics For Bird Control, Geral L. Long

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

It is a little disputed fact that each year birds cause damage through crop depredation, roosting activities, and bird/aircraft strike damage with occasionally associated loss of life . Stephen (1961) cites an article by Elkins (1957) which said ducks cause millions of dollars of loss to barley, oats, and wheat crops in Canadian prairies. Damage to ripening cereal grain crops in the western United States is one of the most widespread bird problems (DeGrazio 1964). Zajanc (1962) reports these losses are estimated at $15 million annually in three western states alone where blackbirds feed in fields of rice, corn, small …

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Future Of Pesticides In Vertebrate Pest Control, Rex E. Marsh Oct 1981

Future Of Pesticides In Vertebrate Pest Control, Rex E. Marsh

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The present state-of-the-art provides little information which would lead to the conclusions that animal damage control will take a new direction away from chemicals. Hence, vertebrate pesticides whether toxicants or repellents will remain essential components of integrated pest management programs. The future of vertebrate pesticides is far from being bright, but current developments offer some good reasons to remain optimistic. The various factors which influence the development of new vertebrate pesticides (principally rodenticides) are discussed along with projections of stable as well as changing trends. Speculation on the future of vertebrate pesticides may provide tentative directions for some and forecast …

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Opening Comments And Extension's Role In Nebraska, Leo E. Lucas Oct 1981

Opening Comments And Extension's Role In Nebraska, Leo E. Lucas

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

I would like to echo Dr. Massengale's comments in welcoming you to Nebraska. We are pleased to have you here. Nebraska is a major agricultural state. Ninety-seven percent of the land is privately owned and most of it is in agricultural production of one type or another. Nebraska ranks fifth in total receipt sales of Ag products. Nebraska ranks second in the nation in numbers of cattle on feed, fourth in cash receipts from all livestock marketing, first in production of great northern beans, popcorn and alfalfa meal, and fourth in corn production. Agriculture is important to the state's economy.

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L:Egal Problems Of Bird Damage Control - Protected Species And Practical Solutions, Ronald D. Ogden Oct 1981

L:Egal Problems Of Bird Damage Control - Protected Species And Practical Solutions, Ronald D. Ogden

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Legal problems in bird damage control can occur from two directions. First, most birds are protected by federal law; all birds are protected by some states and all birds can be protected by local governing agencies. Second, the method of control may be restricted by state or local governments. Some states require permits to use toxicants; shooting is prohibited in some areas by local government. The only practical solution is to know the federal and state regulations pertaining to each individual project and to check each time with local agencies for further restrictions. A federal permit is required to trap …

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Computers And Vertebrate Pest Control, Terrell P. Salmon, Dennis C. Stroud, Aileen Kennedy Oct 1981

Computers And Vertebrate Pest Control, Terrell P. Salmon, Dennis C. Stroud, Aileen Kennedy

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Computers are affordable and usable by most individuals involved in vertebrate pest control. Their value as a research tool for vertebrate pest population modeling has been proposed; however, few, if any, are being used for field operations. Despite their ecological limitations, simulating models have been developed that are useful in wildlife management, including wildlife pest problems. Improvement of these or similar models could answer questions such as population effects from a control program, proper timing of control, and the impact of control on non-target species. Vertebrate pest control information can also be stored, retrieved and disseminated via the computer. The …

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A Vertebrate Ipm Project In Nebraska, Robert M. Timm Oct 1981

A Vertebrate Ipm Project In Nebraska, Robert M. Timm

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

An Integrated Pest Management project in Nebraska is assisting farmers, particularly pork producers, in controlling damage caused by Norway rats, house mice, house sparrows, and starlings. This extension program also provides information on control of pocket gophers in alfalfa and on rangelands. Integrated control recommendations include rodent- and bird-proof construction, limitation of food and shelter, traps, and toxicants (rodenticides and avicides). The project is attempting to gather data on economic damage, including structural damage to confinement buildings, caused by these pests. This information will be used to assist producers in deciding when to initiate control.

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Fifth Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop, Robert M. Timm, Ron J. Johnson Oct 1981

Fifth Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop, Robert M. Timm, Ron J. Johnson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Proceedings
Fifth Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop
Contents

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Poster Session Abstracts Oct 1981

Poster Session Abstracts

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Poster Abstracts include:

● FURBEARER TRAPPER-HUNTER EDUCATION IN KANSAS
EDWARD K. BOGGESS and F. ROBERT HENDERSON, Cooperative Extension Service, Kansas State University

● A FLOW CHART FOR HOUSE MOUSE CONTROL
DARYL D. FISHER and ROBERT M. Timm, Department of Forestry, Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Nebraska–Lincoln

● BIRD DRAMAGE CONTROL AND DISPERSAL RECORDINGS
RON J. JOHNSON and ROBERT H. SCHMIDT, Department of Forestry, Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Nebraska–Lincoln

● GROUND SQUIRREL CONTROL IN NEWLY PLANTED GRAlN FIELDS
ANN E. KOLHLER and RON J. JOHNSON, Department of Forestry. Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Nebraska–Lincoln

● WOODPECKER DAMAGE TO HOUSES AND …

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Repellents For Deer And Rabbits, Edward K. Boggess Oct 1981

Repellents For Deer And Rabbits, Edward K. Boggess

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Rabbit and deer damage to newly planted trees is a serious problem in many areas of western Kansas and throughout much of the Great Plains. This problem is particularly serious in the establishment of new windbreak and shelterbelt plantings.

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U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service Coyote Control Research, Guy Connolly Oct 1981

U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service Coyote Control Research, Guy Connolly

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

This paper reviews recent research by the Denver Wildlife Research Center, Section of Predator Management Research, on chemical and lethal coyote control methods. Steel trap modifications, aerial shooting, den hunting, the M-44 (spring-loaded sodium cyanide ejector), toxic and nontoxic baits, the toxic collar, other livestock-borne toxicants, development of new toxicants, and aversive conditioning with lithium chloride are discussed. No new, lethal coyote control method has been implemented into practical use over the past decade, but toxic baits and den hunting were lost or banned from use in the Federal-Cooperative Animal Damage Control Program. One new technique, the toxic collar, may …

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A Review Of Prairie Dog Diet And Its Variability Among Animals And Colonies, Kathleen A. Fagerstone Oct 1981

A Review Of Prairie Dog Diet And Its Variability Among Animals And Colonies, Kathleen A. Fagerstone

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

After almost 70 years of decline, prairie dog numbers are increasing in many western states. As populations expand, it becomes increasingly important to clarify the degree of competition between prairie dogs and livestock. A review of studies on prairie dog food habits shows variable results. Prairie dogs frequently eat the same plant species as cattle and their activities may cause a decrease in grasses normally considered good livestock forage and an increase in forb cover. However, in some instances, prairie dogs may be beneficial to rangeland; plant species diversity and protein content of forage are often greater on prairie dog …

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Prairie Dog Dispersal In Wind Cave National Park: Possibilities For Control, Monte G. Garrett, William L. Franklin Oct 1981

Prairie Dog Dispersal In Wind Cave National Park: Possibilities For Control, Monte G. Garrett, William L. Franklin

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

A study was conducted in Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota, to collect basic information on black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) dispersal and to test alternative control techniques. Dispersal occurred during a limited time period in late spring, involved both male and female prairie dogs, and resulted in relatively short movements and poor survivorship. The use of artificial visual barriers to inhibit colony expansion was effective but difficult to apply. The use of diethylstilbestrol as a temporary anti-fertility agent was shown to be an easy and effective method to reduce prairie dog reproduction and decrease colony expansion.

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Bison Depredation On Grain Fields In Interior Alaska, Philip S. Gipson, Jay D. Mckendrick Oct 1981

Bison Depredation On Grain Fields In Interior Alaska, Philip S. Gipson, Jay D. Mckendrick

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The reported value of grain damaged by bison (Bison bison) may exceed $100,000 annually in the vicinity of Delta Junction, Alaska. This paper reviews the history and present status of bison and their relations to agriculture around Delta Junction. A number of management options are discussed that may reduce conflicts between bison enthusiasts and farmers.

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Controlling Problem Pocket Gophers And Moles, F. Robert Henderson Oct 1981

Controlling Problem Pocket Gophers And Moles, F. Robert Henderson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Two small mammals, pocket gophers and moles, spend most of their lives underground and can cause a lot of concern and frustration to people above ground. The pocket gopher and mole, while engaging in their daily activities, leave their telltale marks on lawns and gardens, on golf courses, parks, cemeteries, and on alfalfa fields and rangelands. Sometimes they damage irrigation canals and dikes and chew into underground cables. They can also create root damage to young trees.

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