Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (12)
- Biogeochemistry (2)
- Environmental Science (2)
- Limnology (2)
- Algae (1)
-
- Arthropod (1)
- Atlantic (1)
- Biofilms (1)
- Biology (1)
- Braided river (1)
- Cambrian (1)
- Carbon tetrachloride (1)
- Channel belt (1)
- Chemical weathering (1)
- Chlorinated ethenes (1)
- Chlorinated methanes (1)
- Chlorinated pollutants (1)
- Community dynamics (1)
- Contact angle (1)
- Cross set (1)
- Degradation (1)
- Denitrification (1)
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering (1)
- Dinitroanisole (1)
- Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province (1)
- Ecology (1)
- Ecosystem service (1)
- Enemy release (1)
- Engineering (1)
- Environmental sciences (1)
Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Interpretation Of A Seismic Reflection Survey And Geophysical Well Logs In Jay County, Indiana: Orientation And Composition Of A Carbonate Layer Below The Mount Simon Sandstone, Md Saiful Alam
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
In August 2017, a dynamite-sourced 2D seismic reflection survey was conducted along a gravel road northwest of Portland, Indiana. The main focus of the survey was to determine the orientation of a lithologic unit previously identified by Welder (2014) on a similar 2D seismic reflection survey in the same area. Drillers logs of two wells within this area identified a limestone layer below the Mt. Simon Sandstone, and a similar limestone layer was identified in a well drilled in Clark County, Ohio. As the focus of this study, this limestone layer will be informally named the `Votaw limestone'. The seismic …
River Biofilm Structure And Function In A Resource Landscape Modified By Agriculture: Implications For Primary Consumers, Hannah M. Fazekas
River Biofilm Structure And Function In A Resource Landscape Modified By Agriculture: Implications For Primary Consumers, Hannah M. Fazekas
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Anthropogenic alterations to nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus bioavailability have increased the flux of these resources into the biosphere and altered stream ecosystem function. Streams modify the transport of these resources to receiving ecosystems through uptake, transformation, and mineralization. Understanding how streams process carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus can provide insight about how stream ecosystems function in landscapes where human modification is inescapable. I investigated how land use in agricultural regions affect resource availability to primary producers and consumers and the subsequent impact on stream processes. I surveyed headwater streams in three Lake Erie watersheds to determine spatiotemporal nutrient limitation of attached …
Modeling Of Soil Formation On The Basis Of Chemical Weathering: Applications From Percolation Theory, Fang Yu
Modeling Of Soil Formation On The Basis Of Chemical Weathering: Applications From Percolation Theory, Fang Yu
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
The concept of soil formation has been studied since the beginning of 19th century. However, until recently, there has been little concrete progress on developing an analytical result to relate soil depth or quality to measurable variables that represent the five soil-forming factors including time, parent material, topography, climate, and organisms. It has become increasingly clear that soil formation rates are closely related to chemical weathering rates. In this dissertation, we propose a theoretical approach to model soil formation process within the theoretical framework of percolation theory, which has been shown to successfully predict solute transport in heterogeneous media. From …
Power Scaling Of The Mainland Shoreline Of The Contiguous United States, Erik S. Vasko
Power Scaling Of The Mainland Shoreline Of The Contiguous United States, Erik S. Vasko
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Previous fractal analyses of shoreline roughness have measured the fractal dimension of long segments of shoreline, e.g. Mandelbrot (1983) quantified the shoreline of the west coast of Britain and Feder (1988) quantified the shoreline of Norway. Consequently, changes in roughness along short segments are not captured by the analysis. In this study, the fractal dimension of the mainland shoreline of the contiguous United States has been measured in 125, 250, and 375 km segments using the box-counting method. The box counting method is based on the equation N = c x b where N is number of occupied boxes, C …
Evaluating Sediments As An Ecosystem Service In Western Lake Erie Through Quantification Of Nitrogen Cycling Pathways, Ashlynn Rose Boedecker
Evaluating Sediments As An Ecosystem Service In Western Lake Erie Through Quantification Of Nitrogen Cycling Pathways, Ashlynn Rose Boedecker
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Lake Erie experiences annual cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (HABs), comprised mostly of non-nitrogen-fixing Microcystis, due to excess nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs (eutrophication). Lake Erie's watershed is mostly agricultural, and fertilizers, manure, and drainage practices contribute to high nutrient loads. This study aimed to clarify the role of Lake Erie sediments in either exacerbating or mitigating conditions that fuel HABs via recycling and/or removal, respectively, of excess N and P. Sediment-water interface N dynamics were evaluated in low HAB (2016, dry) and high HAB (2017, wet spring and early summer) years. Intact sediment cores and overlying water were collected …
Wetting Properties Of Structured Interfaces Composed Of Surface-Attached Spherical Nanoparticles, Bishal Bhattarai
Wetting Properties Of Structured Interfaces Composed Of Surface-Attached Spherical Nanoparticles, Bishal Bhattarai
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
In this thesis, the effects of the external pressure and surface energy on stability and wetting transition at nanotextured interfaces are studied using molecular dynamics and continuum simulations. The surface roughness of the composite interface is modeled via an array of spherical nanoparticles with controlled wettability. It was found that in the absence of external pressure, the liquid interface is flat and its location relative to the solid substrate is determined by the radius of the particle and the local contact angle. With increasing pressure on the liquid film, its interface becomes more curved and the three-phase contact line is …
Geochemical And Microbiological Controls On Mercury Methylation In Natural Waters, Alison M. Agather
Geochemical And Microbiological Controls On Mercury Methylation In Natural Waters, Alison M. Agather
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant toxic to humans and wildlife. Monomethylmercury (MMHg) is a bioavailable compound that bioaccumulates and biomagnifies in food webs. Humans are primarily exposed to MMHg from seafood consumption (Sunderland 2007), and high quantities of the neurotoxin lead to reduced neurocognitive functioning in adults and the children of exposed mothers (Cohen et al. 2005, Yokoo et al. 2003). Negative effects from MMHg accumulation on the health of humans and wildlife requires a more complete understanding of the chemistry and microbiology driving Hg methylation in both marine and freshwater systems. This work focuses on water column distribution, …
Multitrophic Impacts Of An Emerging Invasive Plant, Elizabeth J. Roberson
Multitrophic Impacts Of An Emerging Invasive Plant, Elizabeth J. Roberson
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
The invasion of novel habitats by non-native plant species is a worldwide problem with serious economical and ecological implications. Broad biotic and abiotic filters contribute to the overall invasibility of non-native species. Invasive plants have the ability to rapidly establish themselves and outcompete their native counterparts as result of their relationship with herbivorous arthropods. Because invasive plants displace native plants, reduce overall plant diversity, and alter vegetation structure, this can have cascading effects on insect herbivores, particularly those that rely on one or a few food plants, and arthropod predators. The genus Euonymus (Celastraceae) is comprised of 130 species. Euonymus …
Lead In Tap Water From The City Of Dayton, Ohio, Kayla Marie Haman
Lead In Tap Water From The City Of Dayton, Ohio, Kayla Marie Haman
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Lead (Pb) in public tap water is a national health concern and is the main pathway of human exposure to Pb. The City of Dayton has verified Pb pipelines and homes with Pb plumbing; thus, residents are at risk to Pb leaching into their tap water. I sampled water from 130 residential and 24 public water taps and measured Pb and copper (Cu). Five percent of samples exceeded the action level for Pb (> 15 [micro]g/L) and none exceeded the action level for Cu. The City of Dayton's lead pipeline map identifies potential Pb exposure from Pb distribution pipes. However, …
Geophysical Exploration Of The Upper Crust Underlying North-Central Indiana: New Insight Into The Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province, Michael Ray Green
Geophysical Exploration Of The Upper Crust Underlying North-Central Indiana: New Insight Into The Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province, Michael Ray Green
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
This study analyzes ten 2D seismic lines donated by CountryMark together with potential field data to examine the upper crustal structure near Wabash, Indiana. These seismic profiles reveal significant relief of the Precambrian Unconformity and prominent upper crustal reflections. The Precambrian Unconformity interpreted from the unmigrated stacked seismic sections is characterized by undulations and bowtie artifacts. Zero offset seismic models constructed using profiles of the exposed Precambrian Unconformity across the Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province outcrops of the St. Francois Mountains feature the same seismic expression. The upper crust below the Precambrian Unconformity on the Countrymark seismic sections is also characterized by …
Sedimentary Architecture And Paleochannel Dimensions Of The Lamotte Sandstone Of Southeastern Missouri, Jamilyn Ann Moore
Sedimentary Architecture And Paleochannel Dimensions Of The Lamotte Sandstone Of Southeastern Missouri, Jamilyn Ann Moore
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
This study focused on outcrops of the Lamotte Sandstone (Cambrian) within Hawn State Park near Farmington, Missouri. The goal was to estimate the channel depth, channel width, and channel belt width for rivers that deposited this portion of the Lamotte Ss. Sedimentary characteristics (grain size, bedding type and thickness, and unit bar and compound bar boundaries) were mapped within three outcrops on photomosaics and within graphic sedimentary logs (totaling 14 m vertically). The change in sedimentary characteristics from the lowest to the highest deposits studied suggest the formation and filling of a major channel within the braided channel belt. The …
Abiotic Reduction Transformations Of Recalcitrant Chlorinated Methanes, Chlorinated Ethanes, And 2,4-Dinitroanisole By Reduced Iron Oxides At Bench-Scale, Adam C. Burdsall
Abiotic Reduction Transformations Of Recalcitrant Chlorinated Methanes, Chlorinated Ethanes, And 2,4-Dinitroanisole By Reduced Iron Oxides At Bench-Scale, Adam C. Burdsall
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Sites contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons are frequent and widespread, and with the rising use of insensitive high explosive (IHE) compounds, more widespread contamination is inevitable. In the cases of both classes of organic contaminants, natural attenuation is a critical component of our understanding of the environmental fate of these compounds. This dissertation is intended to expand the knowledge of potential abiotic natural attenuation mechanisms and, in the case of the study of chlorinated hydrocarbons, to examine degradation under variable pH conditions in the hopes of helping to develop minimally invasive remediation techniques. The results indicated that precipitated hydrolyzed Fe(II) species …
Degradation Of Select Chlorinated Hydrocarbons By (I) Sulfide-Treated Hydrous Ferric Oxide (Hfo) And (Ii) Hydroxyl Radicals Produced In The Dark By Oxygenation Of Sodium Dithionite-Reduced Hfo, Dhurba Raj Pandey
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
A previous work demonstrated that sulfide-treated iron oxides (goethite, hematite, and magnetite) may not show reductive pathways with carbon tetrachloride (CT) as observed with lab-precipitated iron sulfide. We examined the kinetics and products of reaction of sulfide-treated hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) towards select chlorinated hydrocarbons in batch reactors with HFO: HS- molar ratio of 1:1.5 at pH 7. CT, 1,1,2-trichlroethane (1,1,2-TeCA), 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane (1,1,1,2-TeCA) and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (1,1,2,2-TeCA) showed faster kinetics whereas chloroform (CF) showed slower kinetics. Trichloroethene (TCE) degradation was observed at three pHs: 7, 8 and 10; the loss in the reactors were not much different from controls at pH …