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Articles 1 - 4 of 4
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Epibiotic Sponges On The Scallops Chlamys Hastata And Chlamys Rubida: Increased Survival In A High-Sediment Environment, Duncan O. Burns, Brian L. Bingham
Epibiotic Sponges On The Scallops Chlamys Hastata And Chlamys Rubida: Increased Survival In A High-Sediment Environment, Duncan O. Burns, Brian L. Bingham
Environmental Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications
The small free-swimming scallops, Chlamys hastata and Chlamys rubida, are frequently encrusted by the sponges Mycale adhaerens and Myxilla incrustans. It is unclear why this association exists. We hypothesized that living on scallop valves increases sponge survival by reducing the effects of sediment accumulation. Scallops were collected to measure correlations between sediment load and encrusting sponge mass. In the laboratory, the survival of sponges on living scallops and empty scallop valves was measured. Time-lapse video was used to quantify spontaneous swimming and clapping of C. hastata. In the field, both scallop size and sponge mass were significantly greater …
Reconstructing Salmon Abundance In Rivers: An Initial Dendrochronological Evaluation, James M. Helfield, Robert J. Naiman, Deanne C. Drake
Reconstructing Salmon Abundance In Rivers: An Initial Dendrochronological Evaluation, James M. Helfield, Robert J. Naiman, Deanne C. Drake
Environmental Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications
Decision-makers concerned with salmon or their stream habitats are faced with many persistent, difficult questions including: how large and variable were these populations before European settlement? Here, we examine the feasibility of reconstructing salmon abundance using links between marine nutrients carried upstream by Pacific salmon ( Oncorhynchus spp.) and growth of dominant riparian trees in two Alaskan systems. We employ standard dendrochronology methods and regression models to quantify relationships between annual tree-ring growth, salmon escapement, and the climate pattern that affects oceanic production of Northeast Pacific salmon stocks, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). We find that known, annual salmon escapement …
Effects Of Sponge Encrustation On The Swimming Behaviour, Energetics And Morphometry Of The Scallop Chlamys Hastata, Deborah Anne Donovan, Brian L. Bingham, Heather M. (Heather Maria) Farren, Rodolfo Gallardo, Veronica L. Vigilant
Effects Of Sponge Encrustation On The Swimming Behaviour, Energetics And Morphometry Of The Scallop Chlamys Hastata, Deborah Anne Donovan, Brian L. Bingham, Heather M. (Heather Maria) Farren, Rodolfo Gallardo, Veronica L. Vigilant
Environmental Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications
The effect of sponge encrustation on swimming ability of Chlamys hastata was determined by investigating swimming behaviour, scallop morphometry, and energy expended during swimming with and without commensal epibionts. Scallops swam significantly longer after sponge encrustation was removed from their shells, but no significant differences were detected in swimming elevation or distance. Scallops with sponge encrustation showed no adductor muscle hypertrophy or changes in shell morphometry compared to scallops without encrustation. However, C. hastatadid exhibit scaling relationships associated with maximizing swimming efficiency. Specifically, shell width and adductor muscle mass were positively allometric with shell height, while shell mass was …
Hurricane Mitch: Impacts On Mangrove Sediment Elevation Dynamics And Long-Term Mangrove Sustainability, Donald R. Cahoon, Philippe Hensel, John M. Rybczyk, Brian Christopher Perez
Hurricane Mitch: Impacts On Mangrove Sediment Elevation Dynamics And Long-Term Mangrove Sustainability, Donald R. Cahoon, Philippe Hensel, John M. Rybczyk, Brian Christopher Perez
Environmental Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications
Hurricane Mitch left three very different impacts on mangroves in the coastal zone of Central America. First, in the Caribbean, direct wind and flood-induced mangrove mortality was seen in the Bay Islands. Second, wave-induced erosion of beaches and subsequent sediment deposition buried mangrove forests of Punta de Manabique, Guatemala. Finally, along the Pacific coast, some mangroves of the Gulf of Fonseca were buried under up to 100 cm of sediments eroded from uplands and carried down slope by river flooding. Each of these three impacts left a different footprint on the mangrove communities, and these communities are expected to follow …