Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Laser Intensity Scaling Through Stimulated Scattering In Optical Fibers, Timothy H. Russell

Theses and Dissertations

The influence of stimulated scattering on laser intensity in fiber optic waveguides is examined. Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in long, multimode optical waveguides is found to generate a Stokes beam that propagates in the fiber LP01 mode. Additionally, the same process is found to combine multiple laser beams into a single spatially coherent source. Limitations in beam cleanup and combining are also investigated to identify ways to overcome them. The last portion of the dissertation theoretically examines suppression of stimulated Raman scattering in fibers to eliminate the restriction this imposes on the power of a fiber laser or amplifier. The …

Techniques For The Regeneration Of Wideband Speech From Narrowband Speech, Jason A. Fuemmeler, Russell C. Hardie, William R. Gardner

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper addresses the problem of reconstructing wideband speech signals from observed narrowband speech signals. The goal of this work is to improve the perceived quality of speech signals which have been transmitted through narrowband channels or degraded during acquisition. We describe a system, based on linear predictive coding, for estimating wideband speech from narrowband. This system employs both previously identified and novel techniques. Experimental results are provided in order to illustrate the system’s ability to improve speech quality. Both objective and subjective criteria are used to evaluate the quality of the processed speech signals.

Research Progress On Proton Exchange Membranes Of Fuel Cells, Jing-Rong Yu, Dan-Min Xing, Fu-Qiang Liu, Jian-Guo Liu, Bao-Lian Yi

Journal of Electrochemistry

The proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC) use proton exchange membranes(PEM) as their electrolytes. The performance of the PEMFC is strongly dependent on the characteristics of the PEM. In this paper, the requirements of the PEM utilized in the PEMFC were analyzed. The per_fluorinated, partially fluorinated and non_fluorinated PEM were introduced respectively. The structures, preparation, properties of the various types of PEM and their applications in the PEMFC were also discussed in detail.

An Investigation Of Structural Properties Of Li-Al-Mixed Doped Spinels Materials Li_(1+X) Al_Ymn_(2-Y)O_4, Zi-Shan Zheng, Zi-Long Tang, Zhong-Tai Zhang, Wan-Ci Sheng

Journal of Electrochemistry

Al and Li elements were co_doped into host spinel lithium manganese oxide by a simple and economical preparation technology . There was an investigation of the influence of doped Al contents on the initial capacity and cycling performance of the materials. The investigation of the XRD patterns, the analysis of the SEM micrographs and the determination of IR spectroscopy showed that the particles of dopant materials are fine, narrowly distributed and well crystallized, and the bonds Mn_O are stronger than these of undoped materials. The resulted materials have a high initial capacity of 119 mAh/g and good cycling characterization. The …

The Influence Of Synthesis Conditions On The Electrochemical Properties Of Spinel Limn_2o_4, Jun Feng Xu, Zhi Yu Jiang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical properties of spine LiMn 2O 4 synthesized via a solid state reaction were investigated. Electrolysis MnO 2(EMD), Li 2CO 3,LiOH and LiNO 3 were used as the initial materials. It was found that the electrochemical properties of LiMn 2O 4 were strongly influenced by the synthesis conditions. The LiMn 2O 4 samples prepared via the reaction of EMD and LiNO 3 showed the best properties for a lithium ion intercalation reaction. The procedure includes two steps: pretreatment at 280 ℃ for 6 hours to initiate the permeation of melting LiNO 3 into the micropores of EMD particles, followed …

Adsorption And Oxidation Of Methanol On Pt And Sb, S Modified Pt Electrodes Using Cyclic Voltammetry And Eqcm, Guo-Liang Chen, Sheng-Pei Chen, Heng Lin, Xing-Hong Zheng, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

The processes of adsorption and oxidation of methanol on Pt, Pt/Sb ad and Pt/S ad electrodes were studied by using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical quartz crystal microba_lance (EQCM). The results demonstrated that the oxidation of methanol depends strongly on oxidation states of electrode surface. Sb adatoms on Pt surface can adsorb oxygen at relatively low potentials, and exhibit catalytic effects for methanol oxidation. In contrast to Pt electrodes, the oxidation peak potential of methanol in this case negatively shifted to about 130 mV. In a contrary, the oxidation of S adatoms consumes oxygen species of Pt electrode surface. As a …

Electrosynthesis Of A New Electroactive Poly(2,2'-Diaminophenyloxydisulfide), Yu Zhi Su, Yan Wen Rao, Ye Yang, Mei-Bing Chen, Yin Ling Qiu, Yong-Hua Zhang, Ke Cheng Gong

Journal of Electrochemistry

A new electroactive poly(2,2' diaminophenyloxydisulfide) (PDAPD) was successfully synthesized from acetonitrile(AN)/tetrahydrofuran(THF)solutions containing the supporting electrolyte(LiClO 4)and the various kinds of acids(HCl,CF 3COOH,CCl 3COOH) on Pt electrode by consecutive cyclic voltammiry. The effects of the concentrations of supporting electrolyte(LiClO 4) and acid(HCl,CF 3COOH,CCl 3COOH) on electrodepositon of PDAPD film were investigated. The best experimental conditions for electrosynthesis of a highly electroactive conducting polymer film are that the concentrations are 0.1 mol/L and between 0.05 mol/L～0.5 mol/L,respectively for LiClO 4 and HCl.

The Research Of Organic Electrolyte Solutions For Li-Ion Batteries, Quang Chao Zhuang, Shan Wu, Wen Yuan Liu, Zhao-Da Lu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The characteristics of organic electrolyte solutions and its influences on the ion conductivity are summarized. The chemistry and electrochemistry of organic electrolyte solutions and characteristics of ordinary organic solvents are introduced. Progresses in studies of organic electrolyte solutions such as electrolyte salts, organic solvents, additives in recent years are reviewed, current situation of the studies of organic electrolyte solutions were also discussed.

The Investigation Of Prepare Condition For Micropores Membranes From Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride), Xu-Mei Ren, Feng Wu, Ying Bai, Hang-Jun Li, Xue Jie Huang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The micropores membranes from Poly (vinylidene fluoride) were prepared by the phase inversion process. The effects of the casting solution composition, exposure time prior to coagulation and temperature of the coagulation bath on properties of prepared membranes were investigated. For all prepared membranes an asymmetric structure, sometimes without a dense skin layer, was observed.

Studies On The Properties Of The Anodic Films Formed On Lead- Lanthanum And Lead-Samarium Alloys In Sulfuric Acid Solution, Hou Tian Liu, Chun Xuao Yang, Hai Heng Liang, Jiong Yang, Wei-Fang Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

AC voltammetry,linear sweep voltammetry,and cyclic voltammetry were applied to study the anodic corrosion of Pb,Pb 1.0at%La and Pb 1.0at%Sm electrodes in 4.5 mol·dm -3 H 2SO 4 solution (25 ℃).The experiment results show that samarium can inhibit the anodic corrosion of lead and decrease the impedance of anodic Pb(Ⅱ) film. Lanthanum can also decrease the impedance of the anodic Pb(Ⅱ)film, but the effect is smaller.

Current Oscillations In The System Of Carbon Steel/Phosphoric Acid/Platinum, Shao-Yuan Shi, Jin-Ping Wu, Jing Liu, An Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The periodic,aperiodic,chaotic and mixed_mode oscillations can occur in the process of the anodic electrodissolution of carbon steel in the solution of dilute phosphoric acid. More plentiful dynamic behaviors can be found in this system compared with the system of Fe/H 3PO 4/Pt.

Characterization And Electrochemical Investigation Of Boron-Doped Mesocarbon Microbeads Anode Materials For Lithium-Ion Battery, Mao-Hui Chen, Guo-Tao Wu, Guang-Ming Zhu, Jin-Kua You, Zu-Geng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The anodic performances of boron doped and undoped mesocarbon microbeads(MCMBs) were comparatively studied and the structures were characterized by XPS,SEM,XRD and electrochemical measurements. It was found that boron doping samples greatly increased the degree of graphitization and the crystallite size,leading to quite different morphology. Electrochemical discharge/charge cycle tests indicate that lithium intercalation occurred at a little higher potential for the boron doped MCMBs, being attended by greater irreversible capacity loss.

Real-Time Travel Time Estimation Using Macroscopic Traffic Flow Models, Pushkin Kachroo, Kaan Ozbay, Antoine G. Hobeika

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

This paper presents the estimation of travel time on highways based on macroscopic modelling. The focus is on real-time values as compared to average or static values. The macroscopic models are used for distributed and time/space lumped settings and corresponding travel time estimation functions and algorithms are developed. The implications of these algorithms for the implementation of various incident management and traffic control strategies are also discussed.

Microcavity Surface Emitting Laser, Stewart Feld, John P. Loehr, James A. Lott

AFIT Patents

A three-dimensional waveguiding structure for a microcavity surface-emitting laser is described in which native aluminum oxide layers provide control of intracavity waveguiding and the laser optical mode structure of the emitted beam. Microcavity lasers described herein account for the blueshift of the emission wavelength as the laser lateral dimensions are reduced to or below the emission wavelength.

Feedback Correction Of Angular Error In Grating Readout, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Sundaram Ramachandran

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Angular and wavelength READ beam errors in holographic interconnection systems are often a recurrent problem. Several strategies have been proposed to minimize or eliminate such READOUT misalignments.

Some years ago, Chatterjee and co-workers proposed a method involving READ beam wavelength tuning to correct output angular errors. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of using an acousto-optic (A-O) Bragg cell with optoelectronic feedback to dynamically correct the scattered beam for deviations in the incidence direction of the READ beam of a hologram. The concept here is based on an acoustic frequency feedback strategy used recently by Balakshy and Kazaryan for …

Globally Convergent Approximate Dynamic Programming Applied To An Autolander, J.J. Murray, Richard Saeks, C.J. Cox, George G. Lendaris

Systems Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

A globally convergent nonlinear Approximate Dynamic Programming algorithm is described, and an implementation of the algorithm in the linear case is developed. The resultant linear Approximate Dynamic Programming algorithm is illustrated via the design of an autolander for the NASA X-43 research aircraft, without a priori knowledge of the X-43's flight dynamics.

The Effect Of Preparation Condition On The Photoelectrochemical Performance Of Both The Pani Film And Tio_2-Pani Composite Film On Au, Huai-Guo Huang, Hong-Ping Zhang, Zhi-Xin Zheng, Yan-Yan Xi, Ling-Ling Wu, Zhong-Hua Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

Both the PANI(polyaniline) film and TiO 2_PANI composite film on the PATP(p_aminothiophenol)/Au substrate were obtained under different preparation condition by electrochemical methods, and their photoelectrochemical performances were also studied.The results showed that the photoelectrochemical performances of the films depend deeply on the comditions of preparation.The self_assembling of PATP favors the adhesion of PANI.The partially_oxidized PANI has a greater photoelectrochemical response than that of the reduced PANI and oxidized PANI.There is an optimum of film thickness for the photoelectrochemical performance of PANI film.Heat treating is in favor of the photoelectrochemical performance of TiO 2,but decreases the photocurrent response of PANI film.There …

New Progress In Studies Of Lithium Nickel Oxide As Positive Electrode Materials Of Lithium Ion Batteris, Han-San Liu, Yong Yang, Zhong-Ru Zhang, Zu-Geng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

Lithium nickel oxide as the positive electrode of lithium ion batteries has aroused more and more interests.This paper reviews the recent reserches on synthesis and element_substitution of LiNiO 2 cathode material,and summarizes the intrinsical relationship between properties and sturcture of the material.The developments of new synthesis methods and mutil_substitution of the material are expecting to be studied in the future research.

Electrochemistry Characteristic Of Carbon Steel Under Biofilm And Sulfide Film, Ze-Hua Dong, Xing-Peng Guo, Jia-Shen Zheng, Li-Ming Xu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Wire Beam Electrode (WBE) made of Q235 carbon steel was applied to study the heterogeneous corrosion beneath biofilm formed by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) in culture and sulfide film in solution with 1% NaCl and 300 mg/L S 2- . The potential,galvanic density mapping,as well as polarization curve and Electrochemical Impedance Spectrum (EIS) were measured to predict the localized corrosion under biofilm and sulfide film.As a result,the mapping showed the potential fluctuation on the WBE surface decreased over time due to the conductivity of the biofilm and sulfide film.Therefore,the potential mapping could not be a criterion of localized corrosion under …

Performance Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell With Co/H_2 Fuel, Hong-Mei Yu, Zhong-Jun Hou, Bao-Lian Yi, Ke-Wan Bi, Jing-Xin Zhang, Zhi-Yin Lin, Ming Han

Journal of Electrochemistry

Fuel of proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) mostly comes from reformate contains CO which will poison the fuel cell electrocatalyst.The effect of CO on the performance of PEMFC was studied in this paper.The results of the experiment show that when CO is fed in PEMFC,the cell voltage will be decreased violently,then it will become steady with some vibration.The poison will become more serious with higher CO content and weaker at higher temperature.The adsorption of CO on the electrocatalyst is reversible. The PtRu electrocatalyst is more suitable for the electrocatalysis of CO/H 2 than Pt electrocatalyst.

Performance Of A Direct Methanol Fuel Cell, Zhao-Bin Wei, Jian-Guo Liu, Ya-Guang Jiao, Wei-Jiang Zhou, Wen-Zhen Li, Li-Kang Chen, Qin Xin, Bao-Lian Yi

Journal of Electrochemistry

A direct methanol fuel cell with 9cm 2 active area consists of Pt_Ru/C anode,Pt/C cathode and Nafion 115 membrane.The effect of operating conditions:methanol solution concentration,oxygen pressure and cell temperature on the cell performances was investigated.The results show that performance of single cell was enhanced by increasing oxygen pressure and cell temperature,and a maximum power density 75 mW/cm 2 was obtained in the range of 250_300 mA/cm 2 current density,0.2 MPa oxygen pressure,1.0 mol/L methanol concentration and 75 ℃ cell temperature.When cell operating at room temperature,a relatively low,but a stable performance of cell was also observed.

Study Of The Oxidation Dynamics Of Ti-Zro_2 Metal-Ceramics, Wen-Chao Li, Li-Dong Teng

Journal of Electrochemistry

The oxidation dynamics of hot pressed Ti ZrO 2 metal_ceramics with the composition of 50 vol.% Ti and 50 vol.% ZrO 2 has been studied. Thermodynamic analysis shows that Ti could react with O 2 but not with N 2 in the oxidizing process of Ti ZrO 2 composites at 0.1 MPa air. The oxidation dynamic behavior of Ti ZrO 2 composites is analogous to that of pure Ti. The activation energy for the oxygen diffusion in Ti ZrO 2 composites is higher than that in Ti solutions, for the presence of ZrO 2 restrains the oxygen diffusion in Ti …

Preparation And Properties Of Separator For Lithium-Ion Battery, Xu-Mei Ren, Feng Wu, Chuan Wu, Han-Jun Li, Xue-Jie Huang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Lithium_ion batteries are well adapted to the new multimedia applications. PP/PE based microporous film is commonly used as separator in commercial lithium ion batteries. Here we report a microporous film which is superior to the commercial available separator. The microporous PVDF polymer separators were prepared by the phase inversion process. The pore size of the separator is  7 μm, and it's porosity is 75%. The membrane in LiPF 6 EC/DEC showed high ionic conductivity (above 10 -3 S/cm at room temperature), and good mechanical properties (10 3 kg/cm 2). The half_cells consisted of Li/PVDF separator/MCMB showed excellent cycling characteristics …

Comparison Of Two Distributed Fuzzy Logic Controllers For Flexible-Link Manipulators, Linda Z. Shi, Mohamed Trabia

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Presentations

The paper suggests that fuzzy logic controllers present a computationally efficient and robust alternative to conventional controllers. The paper presents two possible structures for the distributed fuzzy logic controller of a single-link flexible manipulator. A linear quadratic regulator method is used to prove the effectiveness of fuzzy logic controllers.

Design Of Fuzzy Logic Controllers For Optimal Performance, Mohamed Trabia

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Presentations

While fuzzy logic controllers are generally robust, the performance of a system whose behavior is not well understood, or that has a large number of coupled inputs and outputs, may be less than optimal. In this paper, nonlinear programming techniques are used to improve the performance of a fuzzy logic controller for navigating an autonomous vehicle.

Overview Of Fuzzy Logic, Mohamed Trabia

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Presentations

The presentation includes a brief introduction to fuzzy logic and fuzzy logic controllers. These concepts are illustrated by an example of an autonomous vehicle controller.

Overview Of Acousto-Optic Bistability, Chaos, And Logical Applications, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Erol Sonmez

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

An overview is presented of the key results in the field of acousto-optic bistability in the past two decades. It is shown that the basic acousto-optic bistable device may be described as a nonlinear dynamical system which satisfies a quadratic map. Thereafter, details are presented of several analytical methods, computer modeling approaches, including the SPICE circuit modeling technique, and experiments that have been used to understand the phenomenon.

Extensions to logical and digital applications are also discussed.

Coherent Differential Absorption Lidar For Combined Measurement Of Wind And Trace Atmospheric Gases, Grady James Koch

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

A lidar system was developed for making combined range-resolved measurements of wind speed and direction, water vapor concentration, and carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. This lidar combines the coherent Doppler technique for wind detection and the differential absorption lidar (DIAL) technique to provide a multifunctional capability. DIAL and coherent lidars have traditionally been thought of and implemented as separate instruments, but the research reported here has shown a demonstration of combining the coherent and DIAL techniques into a single instrument using solid-state lasers. The lasers used are of Ho:Tm:YLF, which operates at a wavelength of 2 μm. This wavelength …

A Low Power Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (Asic) Implementation Of Wavelet Transform/Inverse Transform, Daniel N. Harvala

Theses and Dissertations

A unique ASIC was designed implementing the Haar Wavelet transform for image compression/decompression. ASIC operations include performing the Haar wavelet transform on a 512 by 512 square pixel image, preparing the image for transmission by quantizing and thresholding the transformed data, and performing the inverse Haar wavelet transform, returning the original image with only minor degradation. The ASIC is based on an existing four-chip FPGA implementation. Implementing the design using a dedicated ASIC enhances the speed, decreases chip count to a single die, and uses significantly less power compared to the FPGA implementation. A reduction of RAM accesses was realized …

An Objective Evaluation Of Four Sar Image Segmentation Algorithms, Jason B. Gregga

Theses and Dissertations

Because of the large number of SAR images the Air Force generates and the dwindling number of available human analysts, automated methods must be developed. A key step towards automated SAR image analysis is image segmentation. There are many segmentation algorithms, but they have not been tested on a common set of images, and there are no standard test methods. This thesis evaluates four SAR image segmentation algorithms by running them on a common set of data and objectively comparing them to each other and to human segmentors. This objective comparison uses a multi-metric a approach with a set of …