Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Tepehan Rockslide: A Large-Scale Earthquake-Induced Geological Structure Formed By Mw:7.8 Kahramanmaraş (Pazarcık) Earthquake, Türkiye, Ökmen Sümer

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Three devastating and powerful earthquakes hit the southeastern and eastern parts of Turkey and the northestern part of Syria in February of 2023, causing many earthquake-induced slope movements. One of these major mass movements is called the “Tepehan Rockslide”, which was formed by the first Mw: 7.8 earthquake on February 6th, 2023 at Pazarcık (Kahramanmaraş) located in the Altınözü district of Hatay province. The rockslide involved the movement of Middle Miocene basement rocks that consist of clayey limestone, marl, and fine-grained clastic sedimentary rocks. The morphogenetic evaluation of the structure reveals that the Tepehan Rockslide is a very rapidly developed …

Surface Rupture During The 6th Of February 2023 Mw 7.6 Elbistan-Ekinözü (Kahramanmaraş) Earthquake: Implications For Fault Rupture Dynamics Along The Northern Branch Of East Anatolian Fault Zone, Mustafa Softa, Fi̇kret Koçbulut, Eli̇f Akgün, Ercan Aksoy, Hasan Sözbi̇li̇r, Orhan Tatar, Volkan Karabacak, Çağlar Özkaymak, Mehmet Utku, Özkan Cevdet Özdağ, Recep Çakir, Ahmet Demi̇r, Gökhan Arslan

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

On the 6th of February 2023, Mw 7.7 Pazarcık (Kahramanmaraş) and Mw 7.6 Ekinözü (Kahramanmaraş) earthquakes that occurred in Türkiye are devastating earthquake series that filled the existing seismic gaps on East Anatolian Fault Zone on the same day. The first Mw 7.7 earthquake caught most people in their sleep and 9 h later, a second one was triggered, ending up with more than 50k death toll, widespread damage to buildings, and massive landslides. This study presents the surface rupture geometry and coseismic displacement characteristics determined with field observations immediately after February 6, 2023, Ekinözü (Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye) earthquake (Mw 7.6). …

Evidence For Surface Rupture Of The 1939 Erzincan Earthquake Based On Field Data And Paleoseismology On The Ezinepazarı Fault (North Anatolian Fault Zone, Central Anatolia), Fi̇kret Koçbulut

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Ezinepazarı Fault (EPF) is an active segment that restricts the Niksar Basin in the central part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone and has been the source of the devastating Mw 8.0 earthquake in the last 100 years. Traces of the surface rupture of the EPF, which occurred in AD 1939, can still be observed in the field today as a right-lateral strike-slip character. While paleoseismological studies were mostly focused on the western part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) in previous studies, the studies on the central and eastern parts of the NAFZ are rarely addressed. In …

Probabilistic Fault Displacement Hazard Analysis For Reverse Faults And Surface Rupture Scale Invariance, Zachary E. Ross

Master's Theses

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A methodology is presented for evaluating the potential surface fault displacement on reverse faults in a probabilistic manner. This methodology follows the procedures put forth for Probabilistic Fault Displacement Hazard Analysis (PFDHA). Empirical probability distributions that are central to performing a PFDHA are derived from field investigations of reverse faulting events. Statistical analyses are used to test previously assumed properties of scale invariance with respect to magnitude for normalized displacement. It is found that normalized displacement is statistically invariant with respect to magnitude and focal mechanism, allowing for the …

Earthquake Faulting At Ancient Cnidus, Sw Turkey, Erhan Altunel, Iain S. Stenwart, Luigi Piccardi, A. Aykut Barka

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The ruins of Cnidus, an important ancient city in southwestern Asia Minor, lie directly on an earthquake fault - the Cnidus Fault. Offset and deformed archaeological remains along the trace of the fault testify to its recent activation. The ancient city's famous Round Temple of Aphrodite is vertically offset by 0.35 m across the fault. The fault also forms the back wall to the Sanctuary of Demeter where Roman-age walls are displaced and deformed by slip on the fault. Archaeological evidence suggests multiple episodes of abrupt destruction at the site and, in the Sanctuary of Demeter, indicates past earthquake surface …

Statistics Of Paleoseismic Data, James P. Mccalpin

James P. McCalpin

Compiled data from numerous neotectonic-geomorphic and trench studies reveals patterns in the spatial and temporal variation of coseismic fault displacement. Recurrence intervals between successive large earthquakes on faults define a near-symmetrical probability distribution with a coefficient of variance of 0.36. Normal faults have the most regular recurrence, and subduction zones the most variable. Variability in recurrence times at a site is not dependent on the number of recurrence intervals dated at that site. During historic surface-rupturing earthquakes slip has varied widely along strike. Based on 56 ruptures where more than 15 displacement measurements were made, the generic pattern is for …

Recommended Setback Distances From Active Normal Faults, James P. Mccalpin

James P. McCalpin

The geometry of near-surface ground breakage was analyzed from 40 trenches across Quaternary normal faults to help define reasonable setback distances. From each of the trench logs (28 on the Wasatch Fault, 11 on other Great Basin faults) eight parameters characteristic of surface rupture style were measured. Parameters included: 1) position of the main fault in relation to scarp morphology. 2) dip of the main fault. 3) number of faults on the upthrown block, 4) width of the upthrown block fault zone. 5) number of faults in the downthrown block. 6) width of the downthrown deformation zone, 7) ratio of …