Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Marine Micro And Macro Faunas Of Holocene Deposits Of Anadolu Hi̇sari (Anatolian Castle, Bosphorus) And The Presence Of Xantho Poressa (Olivi) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Xanthidae), Engin Meri̇ç, Hüsamettin Balkis, Niyazi Avşar, Atike Nazi̇k, Feyza Di̇nçer

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The presence of Xantho poressa (Olivi), known as the recent fossil, from Crustacea- Decapoda in Holocene deposits of Anadolu Hisarı has been revealed inthis study. This crab species is known as ranging from Mediterranean Sea to Black Sea and from Canary Islands to Portugal in Northeast Atlantic within depths of 0-15 meters in tidal and shallow subtidal environments. Remnants of broken crab shells with benthic foraminifera, ostracoda, bryozoan, pelecypoda and gastropoda were found in 78 samples which were collected from different levels of 8 of the cores taken from the basement of Küçüksu Palace at the Anadolu Hisarı. It was …

The Tectono-Stratigraphic Features Of Metamorphites In Alacahan-Çeti̇nkaya Region (Kangal, Sivas), Metin Beyazpi̇ri̇nç, Ali Ekber Akçay

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The study area covers Alacahan, Çetinkaya and Kangal regions. Allochthonous and autochthonous rock units are present in the region. Metamorphic rocks exposed in the region have been studied in detail as formation and member and have been incorporated into the Bolkardağ Nappe. Bolkardağ nappe which deposited in Late Devonian-Late Cretaceous and metamorphosed in green schist facies, has been distinguished into Late Devonian Düzce formation, Carboniferous Kınalar formation, late Permian Çayderesi formation, (?)Middle/Late Triassic-Cretaceous Kayaköy formation and Cretaceous Karaböğürtlen formation from base to top. The quartzites found at the base of the Kınalar formation and metaconglomerates at the base of the …

The Segment Structure Of Southern Branch Of The North Anatolian Fault And Paleoseismological Behaviour Of The Gemli̇k Fault, Nw Anatolia, Selim Özalp, Ömer Emre, Ahmet Doğan

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The North Anatolian Fault (NAF), which is an intra-continental transform fault, is divided
into two branches as Northern and Southern branches in Marmara Region. The southern
branch which separates from each other by rightward stepovers between Bandırma and
Dokurcun valley is formed by three main fault segments as Geyve, İznik and Gemlik from
East to West. The length of fault segments ranges between 40 and 57 km and GPS data in
Southern branch propose a 5 mm/year slip rate. Two surface faulting events were observed
during paleoseismological excavations which had been carried out on 40 km long Gemlik
segment and …

First Determination Of Rudists (Bivalvia) From Ne Iraq: Systematic Palaeontology And Palaeobiogeography, Sacit Özer, Kamal Haji Karim, Dereen Mohamad Sadiq

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The Maastrichtian Aqra Formation around Mawat-Chwarta (Sulaimaniya city) in NE Iraq consists mainly of coarse grained detrital limestone, locally containing terrigenous clastics, and is characterized by abundant rudists in life position. The rudist biostromes are very common in the formation and benthic foraminifers, gastropods and non-rudist bivalves with scarcer echinoderms and solitary corals are associated with the rudists. This first determination of rudists from NE Iraq recognizes the following species, Dictyoptychus aff. morgani, Sauvagesia somalica, Hippurites cornucopiae, Praeradiolites subtoucasi and Lapeirousia jouanneti, as well as some indeterminable radiolitid sections. This rudist fauna is assigned to the Hippurites cornucopiae interval zone …

Organic Geochemical And Petrographic Properties Of Hazro Dadaş (Di̇yarbakir) Coals, Orhan Kavak, Selami Toprak

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

This study was carried out in Hazro-Dadaş (Diyarbakır) region which owns the only coal basin in the area. Chemical, petrographic analysis and organic geochemical evaluations of the Permian aged coals were taken into consideration. Coal quality investigation along with proximate (moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash) and elemental analyses (C, H, O, and S, N) were performed and revealed. The huminite reflectance of organically abundant matter and coal levels were found to be between 0.458 and 1.141 %. This parameter complies with fluorescence colors, calorific value (average original 3165 – 3432 Kcal/kg) and average Tmax (418 oC). Hasbro coals show …

A New Medium To High Enthalpy Geothermal Field In Aegean Region (Akyar) Menderes – Seferi̇hi̇sar – İzmi̇r, Western Anatolia, Turkey, Metin Bulut

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

This study was performed considering that low to medium enthalpy geothermal areas are important besides the geothermal fields with high temperature located in Western Anatolia for heating, thermal tourism and agricultural applications. It was also aimed at obtaining fluids at high temperature in areas which were observed at a temperature relatively lower than the surface temperature. The study area is located at a region between the towns of Menderes and Seferihisar to the south-southwest of Izmir. This is a multidisciplinary investigation which obtained fluids and studied the geothermal energy potential of the area. Field studies were finalized carrying out geological …

Brief Note On New Data Related To The Chronostratigraphic Location Of Cumaovasi Volcanics, Fikret Göktaş

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

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The Airborne Magnetic Signature Of Gökova Gulf, Uğur Akin, Ahmet Üçer

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

Gökova gulf situated in the Aegian extension zone in Turkey has been considered very interesting for numerous research workers. Gökova gulf is located in the N-S regional extentional tectonic regime. N-S extension of western Anatolia initiated development of E-W extended grabens here. The bay extends 100 km E-W and 25 km N-S directions. Datça peninsula is in the south, Bodrum peninsula is located in the north of the Gökova gulf. In recent years ‘Full Tensor Gradiometer Potential Field’ methods (FTG) has found a practice area in between the gravimetric and magnetic methods. In the past as it was in the …

Slope Instability In Open Pits And An Example Of A Retrospective Analysis: Afşi̇n-Elbi̇stan-Kişlaköy Open Pit Coal Deposit, İbrahim Akbulut, İlker Çam, Tahsin Aksoy, Dinçer Çağlan, Tolga Ölmez

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The subject of this study is to study the instabilities that have developed in the permanent east and west slopes of the Kışlaköy open pit of the Elektrik Üretim A.Ş. Afşin-Elbistan Linyitleri İşletmesi and to work out the sliding mechanism causing it. In the Kışlaköy open pit to establish if mass movement is continuing and if so which direction it would move, amount of mass to be involved and the failing model. Six movement control observations stations were established along 3 lines in each of west and east slopes. No movement was observed in the west slopes. On the other …

Original Findings On The Ore-Bearing Facies Of Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide Deposits In The Eastern Black Sea Region (Ne Turkey), M.Kemal Revan, Yurdal Genç, V. Valery Maslennikov, Taner Ünlü, Okan Deli̇baş, Semi Hamzaçebi̇

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

In the massive sulphide deposits of the eastern Black Sea region, there are ore facies and ore-bearing sedimentary facies. The former are subdivided into hydrothermal-metasomatic, seafloor hydrothermal, and biological facies. Hydrothermal-metasomatic facies refer to sub-seafloor processes and include network-disseminated, massive vein, and massive lens facies. The precipitation of sulphide minerals within pre-existing volcano-sedimentary rocks occurs largely beneath the seafloor, and these ores form an important component of some deposits. The term seafloor hydrothermal facies refers to sulphide accumulation on the seafloor and is characterised by hydrothermal chimneys and clastic sulphide ores. Clastic sulphide ores can be subdivided into proximal and …

New Approaches On The Investigation Of Covered Geothermal Fields: Exploration Of Kütahya – Şaphane – Karacaderbent Buried Geothermal Fields And Their Developments, Musa Burçak, Hüseyin Dünya, Ömer Hacisali̇hoğlu

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The basement in Şaphane region is constituted by Paleozoic gneiss, schist and marbles belonging to northern margin of the Menderes Massif. These basement rocks are overlain by Cretaceous aged Dağardı ophiolitic melange. All these rocks are discordantly covered by Neogene – Quaternary sedimentary and volcanic rocks deposited under lacustrine – continental environments. The main purpose of this study is to explore buried geothermal system on a covered area using geological, geophysical and geochemical methods and to develop this system by drilling investigations. Geological, geophysical, geochemical and drilling investigations, well development and test studies were applied in this research. This study …

Showcasing The Geology Of American’S National Parks And Monuments, Larry E. Davis

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

Among America’s great treasures are its national parks, monuments, nature preserves, and historical sites. Many of America’s national parks feature unique and spectacular geology. Sigma Gamma Epsilon chapters, geology clubs, and individuals are encouraged to organize and submit a photo array featuring the geology of a particular national park or monument.

Timing Of Thermal Overprints In The Silvermines Granite And Associated Diabase Intrusions, St. Francois Mountains, Missouri, Renee C. Rohs

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

Igneous rocks exposed in the St. Francois Mountains record the geologic history of volcanic activity and plutonic intrusions contributing to the growth and stabilization of the continental crust during the Precambrian. These igneous rocks also contain evidence of thermal overprinting both in the isotope chemistry and the crystalline structures. This study presents new isotopic, mineral and petrologic data to support the timing of dike emplacement and thermal overprinting in the host rock. The study area for this research is along the East Fork of the St. Francis River at the Silver Mines Recreation Area where diabase dikes intrude the surrounding …

Polyphase Laramide Structures And Possible Folded Tertiary(?) Sills At Dagger Mountain, Big Bend National Park, Texas, Jeff Cullen, Nathan K. Knox, Jacob Crouch, Joseph I. Satterfield

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

Dagger Mountain, in Sierra del Carmen within Big Bend National Park, Texas, is a 5 km-long, doubly-plunging, southwest-vergent anticline adjacent to a doubly plunging syncline. Dagger Mountain lies near the eastern margins of the Cordilleran orogen and the Basin and Range province. Mapping at 1:12,000 scale reveals details about three phases of Laramide and Basin and Range structures. Mapping and descriptive structural analysis complement previous mapping at 1:12,000 – 1:75,000 scales (Poth, 1979; Moustafa, 1988; Cooper and others, 2011; Turner and others, 2011; Maxwell and others, 1967). Four distinctive formations of Cretaceous age crop out on Dagger Mountain: Santa Elena …

Unusual Polygenetic Void And Cave Development In Dolomitized Miocene Chalks On Barbados, West Indies, Jonathan B. Sumrall, John E. Mylroie, Hans G. Machel

International Journal of Speleology

Barbados provides an unusual case of polygenetic cave development within dolomitized chalks and marls of the Miocene Oceanics Group. These diagenetic processes are driven by a succession and interplay of tectonic uplift, fracturing, hypogene fluid injection, overprinting by mixing zone diagenesis, and mechanical and biological erosion in the current littoral zone. The significance of the voids and caves within the chalks on Barbados are: 1) these appear to be the first dissolution caves documented in dolomitized chalk, and 2) these features show a polygenetic origin documenting the diagenetic changes in lithology that allowed the development and preservation of these cave …

2012 Sigma Gamma Epsilon Austin A. Sartin Best Poster Award, Melissa Gundersen

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

Sigma Gamma Epsilon President Erika Elswick with Melissa Gundersen and Dr.Frederick Vollmer from SUNY New Paltz, the 2012 Austin A. Sartin Best Poster Award winners.

2012 Sigma Gamma Epsilon National Council Best Poster Award, Aaron D. Hiday

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

Sigma Gamma Epsilon President Erika Elswick with Aaron Hiday from Albion College, the National Council Best Poster Award winner.

42nd Biennial Convention Of The Society Of Sigma Gamma Epsilon, Paula Even

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

Sigma Gamma Epsilon, a national honor society for the Earth Sciences, held its 42nd Biennial Convention in conjunction with the annual meeting of the Geological Society of America. The Sigma Gamma Epsilon convention was held at the Westin Hotel in Charlotte, N.C. on November 3, 2012. This report provides a summary of the deliberations and actions of the participants at the convention.

Sigma Gamma Epsilon Chapter Service Award, James Walters

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

The Chapter Service Award for Sigma Gamma Epsilon was developed, voted on, and approved by the student delegates at the 42nd Biennial Convention in Charlotte, NC, November 3, 2012. The Chapter Service Award is based upon a non-profit/non-chapter fund raising activity that benefits the department, institution, or community. This report provides information on qualifications for eligibility and profiles the two award winning chapters for 2012-2013, Epsilon Eta Chapter at Radford University and Epsilon Theta Chapter at Northwest Missouri State University.

Sigma Gamma Epsilon Quality Chapter Awards, James C. Walters

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

The Quality Chapter Award for Sigma Gamma Epsilon was established to recognize chapters for achieving excellence by providing a quality program to its members. Qualifying criteria for the award are provided, and chapters receiving this award for the 2012-2013 academic year are profiled.

Hypogenic Origin Of Provalata Cave, Republic Of Macedonia: A Distinct Case Of Successive Thermal Carbonic And Sulfuric Acid Speleogenesis, Marjan Temovski, Philippe Audra, Andrej Mihevc, Jorge E. Spangenberg, Victor Polyak, William Mcintosh, Jean-Yves Bigot

International Journal of Speleology

Provalata Cave (Republic of Macedonia) is a small but remarkable hypogenic cave, developed in Cambrian marbles by successive thermal carbonic and sulfuric acid speleogenesis. The cave has a thick partly corroded calcite crust, abundant gypsum deposits, with cupolas, ceiling and wall channels, feeders and replacement pockets as some of the most characteristic morphological features. Distribution of morphology and deposits suggest a hypogenic origin in two distinct speleogenetic phases: the first by thermal CO₂ rich waters, the second by sulfuric acid dissolution, which were separated by complete infilling of cave passages with pyroclastic-derived clays. In the first phase of speleogenesis, …

Concentration And Stable Carbon Isotopic Composition Of Co2 In Cave Air Of Postojnska Jama, Slovenia, Magda Mandić, Andrej Mihevc, Albrecht Leis, Ines Krajcar Bronić

International Journal of Speleology

Partial pressure of CO₂ (pCO₂) and its isotopic composition (δ¹³C_airCO2) were measured in Postojnska jama, Slovenia, at 10 locations inside the cave and outside the cave during a one-year period. At all interior locations the pCO₂ was higher and δ¹³C_airCO2 lower than in the outside atmosphere. Strong seasonal fluctuations in both parameters were observed at locations deeper in the cave, which are isolated from the cave air circulation. By using a binary mixing model of two sources of CO₂, one of them being the atmospheric CO_{2 …}

P-T Constraints Of Orthogneiss, Metapelites, And Ultra-Mafic Lenses Located In The Virgin Mountains Of Northwestern Arizona, Bryan R. Nielson, Brady M. Nielson, Andrew Schroeder, Mark R. Colberg

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

The Virgin Mountains, located in northwestern Arizona, host a variety of different geologic features. Many workers have focused on Tertiary extension within the mountain range, but little work has been done on the Paleo-Proterozoic basement rocks. Tertiary extension has exposed 1.73 – 1.80 Ga basement material that exhibits intense shear deformation and evidence of high temperature/high pressure and possibly ultra-high pressure metamorphism. These rocks are well exposed throughout Elbow and Lime Kiln Canyons, which are located east and south of Mesquite, Nevada. Some exposures enclose ultra-mafic lenses containing pyroxene/spinel pseudomorphs after garnet. These features suggest decompression through the garnet-spinel transition. …

My Geological Connection Between Minnesota And Western Australia, Larry E. Davis

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

Even though the flora and fauna of Minnesota and Western Australia are vastly different, there are some similarities in the geology. This essay illustrates the author’s geological connection between Minnesota, USA and Western Australia.

The Coffee Sands: A Cretaceous Beach Deposit In The Mississippi Embayment Of Western Tennessee, Jennifer Martin, Lara Homsey

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

The Coffee Sands represent a beach deposited associated with a vast network of rivers draining the highlands of the Pascola Arch to the west along the margin of the Mississippi Embayment of the Cretaceous Interior Seaway in western Tennessee. The Coffee Sands occur only as ephemeral, discontinuous deposits capping ridges within the Western Highland Rim in western Tennessee and Kentucky. This paper describes an outcrop of the Coffee Sands along U.S. Hwy 140 just east of Buchanan, TN.

Incision History Of Glenwood Canyon, Colorado, Usa, From The Uranium-Series Analyses Of Water-Table Speleothems, Victor J. Polyak, Harvey R. Duchene, Donald G. Davis, Arthur N. Palmer, Margaret V. Palmer, Yemane Asmerom

International Journal of Speleology

Uranium-series analyses of water-table-type speleothems from Glenwood Cavern and “cavelets” near the town of Glenwood Springs, Colorado, USA, yield incision rates of the Colorado River in Glenwood Canyon for the last ~1.4 My. The incision rates, calculated from dating cave mammillary and cave folia calcite situated 65 and 90 m above the Colorado River, are 174 ± 30 m/My for the last 0.46 My and 144 ± 30 m/My for the last 0.62 My, respectively. These are consistent with incision rates determined from nearby volcanic deposits. In contrast, δ²³⁴U model ages (1.39 ± 0.25 My; 1.36 ± 0.25 …

Case Study Of Asian Dust Event On March 19-25, 2010 And Its Impact On The Marginal Sea Of China, Fujung Tsai, Yi-Shin Fang, Shih-Jen Huang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

This study analyzes the most severe dust event in Taiwan in the last 20 years. The dust event occurred from March 19 to 25, 2010, with PM10 (particular matter less than 10 µm) reaching a maximum beyond 1200 µg m-3, and dust accounting for over 90% of the concentrations in Taiwan. The severe event originated from Mongolia on March 19, and the widespread dust moves southeastward toward Taiwan, with a thickness of 1 to 2 km near the ground. The concentrated dust layer can enhance phytoplankton bloom due to deposition of crustal nutrients, including iron. Over the marginal sea of …

Project Learning In Science: 6th Graders’ Scientific Investigations, Mary Shea Ph. D., Brian Shea

Journal of Inquiry and Action in Education

This article describes the rationale for an enhanced inquiry approach to science education that authentically integrates content knowledge and application skills in a middle school science curriculum. Such pedagogy ensures students’ attainment of national and state standards for learning science and multiple literacies (e.g. language arts and technology) recognized as tools for science achievement; it also provides developmentally appropriate instruction aligned with characteristics of young adolescent learners. Two projects are described; in both, students research, experiment, construct, create, compose, and report, integrating multiple complex skills in ways that simulate real world science investigation. Results demonstrate that students recognize their work …

Cave Taphonomy, Amberly Rounds

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

Savrda and Lewis Gastaldo define taphonomy as the paleontological subdiscipline which is concerned with the process responsible for any organism becoming part of the fossil record, and how these processes influence information in the fossil record (Gastaldo 1996, 1). Lee Lyman goes on to state that even more so it is the science dealing with the laws of burial or embedding (Lyman l). In this paper taphonomy will be discussed along with its use in cave settings mainly during the Pleistocene era. Mary C. Steiner makes it …

The Ostracod Fauna And Environmental Characteristics Of The Volcano Sedimentary Yol Üstü Formation In The Hinis Region, Erzurum (Eastern Anatolia), Turkey, Ümit Şafak

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The volcanosedimentary Yolüstü formation which outcrops in the vicinity of Hınıs Town, the southeast of Erzurum City, consists of conglomerate, marl, agglomerate, claystone, tuffite, fragmented travertine limestone with fragments of sand – pebble - plant, lacustrine limestone and tuffaceous – clayey limestone. In this formation, carefully selected 3 measured stratigraphic sections were taken at levels in which the lithology of hard travertine limestones with plant fragments and soft tuffaceous – clayey limestone are present. Washed samples which had been taken from these sections were studied and assessed, and then ostracods reflecting freshwater and brackish water environments were detected. In the …