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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Development Of A Large-Scale Storm Surge And High-Resolution Sub-Grid Inundation Model For Coastal Flooding Applications: A Case Study During Hurricane Sandy, Jon Derek Loftis
Development Of A Large-Scale Storm Surge And High-Resolution Sub-Grid Inundation Model For Coastal Flooding Applications: A Case Study During Hurricane Sandy, Jon Derek Loftis
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Coastal inundation initiated via storm surge by hurricanes and nor'easters along the U.S. East Coast is a substantial threat to residential properties, community infrastructure, and human life. During and after the storm, compounding with heavy precipitation and upland drainage, inundation can be caused by the combination of storm surge and river-induced inland flooding in various locations throughout the coastal plain. Thus, coastal inundation can be expanded from the open coast upstream into the tributaries of the New York Bay including the Hudson and East River systems. Given the cross-disciplinary nature of the dynamics (encompassing hydraulics, oceanography, and hydrology), and the …
Sediment Deposition And Reworking: A Modeling Study Using Isotopically Tagged Sediment Classes, Justin J. Birchler
Sediment Deposition And Reworking: A Modeling Study Using Isotopically Tagged Sediment Classes, Justin J. Birchler
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
A sediment transport model within the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) was used to examine how repeated cycles of deposition, erosion, and bioturbation influence flood and storm event bed character offshore of a significant fluvial source. Short-lived radioisotopes Beryllium-7 (7Be) and Thorium-234 (234Th) can be used as tracers of deposition and reworking on the continental shelf, and modeled profiles of these radioisotopes, along with simulated profiles of sediment bed grain size distributions, were analyzed for various model runs.The presence of an atmospherically derived radionuclide,7Be, in seafloor sedimentindicates terrestrial (riverine derived) sediment deposition offshore of a fluvial source.In contrast,234Th naturally occurs …
A Biogeochemical Data Assimilative Modeling Study In The Mid-Atlantic Bight, Yongjin Xiao
A Biogeochemical Data Assimilative Modeling Study In The Mid-Atlantic Bight, Yongjin Xiao
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Continental shelves are generally believed to play a critical role in ocean biogeochemical cycling, however this has raised the question as to the relative importance of various nitrogen flux terms such as denitrification, burial, net community production and advective fluxes. Quantifying these fluxes on an annual area-integrated basis using traditional observational means is often difficult, due to the fact that these fluxes rapidly change on relatively small spatial scales, making inadequate data resolution a significant problem. Satellite remote sensing data and numerical modeling provide alternative ways to fill the data gaps, and hence have the potential to generate quantitative estimates …
Sediment And Organic Carbon Burial In Englebright Lake, Ca Over The Last Century, Christina Rose Pondell
Sediment And Organic Carbon Burial In Englebright Lake, Ca Over The Last Century, Christina Rose Pondell
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The proliferation of dams has impacted over 67% of the world's largest rivers, degrading ecosystems, severing river-watershed connectivity, and reducing water, sediment, and carbon supply from rivers to the coastal ocean by 20 to 100%. Many studies have focused on the downstream impacts of dams, but few have quantified the amounts and quality of organic matter stored within impoundments. This study examined organic carbon (OC) sources and accumulation in a reservoir in northern California to characterize the organic matter retained in terrestrial systems by these man-made structures and relate the amounts and quality of OC to mining, damming and flood …
High-Resolution Sediment Records Of Seismicity And Seasonal Sedimentation From Prince William Sound, Alaska, Using Xrf Core Scanning, Eric J. Miller
High-Resolution Sediment Records Of Seismicity And Seasonal Sedimentation From Prince William Sound, Alaska, Using Xrf Core Scanning, Eric J. Miller
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The southern coast of Alaska is a climatically sensitive and tectonically active region, however due to its remoteness and harsh climate there are limited long-term historical records of environmental conditions such as storm frequency, river discharge, and earthquakes. In order to determine the potential for Prince William Sound sediments to contain high-resolution paleorecords of these conditions, a suite of 11 gravity cores was collected within the Sound in order to determine the modern day sediment depositional trends and to develop elemental proxies for earthquakes and seasonal sedimentation. 210Pb/137Cs-derived sedimentation rates and grain size trends indicate that there are two distinct …