Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Swift Trust And Sensemaking In Fast Response Virtual Teams, Xiaodan Yu, Yuanyanhang Shen, Deepak Khazanchi

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Fast-response virtual teams (FRVTs) have been developed as a response to emergent challenges faced by organizations that need to be addressed urgently. Even though FRVTs offer enormous potential in terms of their benefits, their success is not guaranteed. When used, the need for high performing FRVTs has become critical for organizational success. However, there is a lack of detailed understanding of how sensemaking can potentially influence FRVT performance. Drawing on social exchange theory, we identify swift trust as a potential antecedent of sensemaking. In this paper, we report the results of a study that examined the effects of swift trust …

Politeness In Security Directives: Insights In Browser Compliance For The Human Element, Deanna House, Gabe Giordano

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

The technical protection provided by information security technology is necessary as a frontline defense against threats. However, the human element adds great risk to systems and cannot be ignored. This research explores the human elements related to security communications and intention to comply with security directives. Security communications are more-commonly being sent using richer computer-based channels. While the goal of security communications is the gain compliance, there is still much to learn related to what influences a user to comply. This research explores the effects that (im)politeness has on intention to comply with security directives. The research utilized an experiment …

Cyber Supply Chain Risk Management: Toward An Understanding Of The Antecedents To Demand For Assurance, Clark Hampton, Steve G. Sutton, Vicky Arnold, Deepak Khazanchi

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Recognizing the need for effective cyber risk management processes across the supply chain, the AICPA issued a new SOC in March 2020 for assuring cyber supply chain risk management (C-SCRM) processes. This study examines supply chain relationship factors and cyber risk issues to better understand the demand for C-SCRM assurance. Resource-Advantage Theory of Competition provides the conceptual foundation for assessing the dual drivers of relationship building and cyber risk management on demand for assurance. We use a field survey to collect data from 205 professionals enabling evaluation of the complex relationships in the theoretical model. Results support all hypotheses, provide …

Prototypical Career Paths In Urban, Suburban, And Rural Locations In The United States, Tenace Kwaku Setor, Damien Joseph

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Career paths are formed over time from interactions between individuals, organizations, and labor markets within and across geographic locations. What are the prototypical career paths thus formed? Who are the likely incumbents of these career paths? What are the consequences of pursuing these career paths? This study combines micro-level perspectives on personal agency and macro-level institutional factors to explain how careers unfold over time and space. The juxtaposition of micro- and macro-level factors contributes to career research and practice, which have traditionally examined careers as movements across organizations and occupations over time, but almost exclusively within specific geographic locations. We …

When Agile Means Staying: A Moderated Mediated Model, Tenace Kwaku Setor

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

The design of software development methods focuses on improving task processes, including accommodating changing user requirements and accelerating product delivery. However, there is limited research on how the use of different software development methods impacts IT professionals’ perceptions of organizational mobility. Drawing on concepts from the agile development literature and job characteristics theory, we formulate a moderated mediation model explicating the mechanism and the condition under which agile development use exerts an influence on IT professionals’ intention to stay with their current employer. Specifically, we examine job satisfaction as mediating the effect of using agile development on the intention to …

Phishing: Message Appraisal And The Exploration Of Fear And Self-Confidence, Deanna House, M. K. Raja

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Phishing attacks have threatened the security of both home users and organizations in recent years. Phishing uses social engineering to fraudulently obtain information that is confidential or sensitive. Individuals are targeted to take action by clicking on a link and providing information. This research explores fear arousal and self-confidence in subjects confronted by phishing attacks. The study collected data from multiple sources (including an attempted phishing attack). The survey results indicated that when individuals had a high level of fear arousal related to providing login credentials they had a decreased intention to respond to a phishing attack. Self-confidence did not …

The Effect Of Conversational Agent Skill On User Behavior During Deception, Ryan M. Schuetzler, G. Mark Grimes, Justin Scott Giboney

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Conversational agents (CAs) are an integral component of many personal and business interactions. Many recent advancements in CA technology have attempted to make these interactions more natural and human-like. However, it is currently unclear how human-like traits in a CA impact the way users respond to questions from the CA. In some applications where CAs may be used, detecting deception is important. Design elements that make CA interactions more human-like may induce undesired strategic behaviors from human deceivers to mask their deception. To better understand this interaction, this research investigates the effect of conversational skill—that is, the ability of the …

The Rise Of Citizen Science In Health And Biomedical Research, Andrea Wiggins, John Wilbanks

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Citizen science models of public participation in scientific research represent a growing area of opportunity for health and biomedical research, as well as new impetus for more collaborative forms of engagement in large-scale research. However, this also surfaces a variety of ethical issues that both fall outside of and build upon the standard human subjects concerns in bioethics. This article provides background on citizen science, examples of current projects in the field, and discussion of established and emerging ethical issues for citizen science in health and biomedical research.

Two-Sided Matching For Mentor-Mentee Allocations—Algorithms And Manipulation Strategies, Christian Haas, Margeret Hall

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

In scenarios where allocations are determined by participant’s preferences, Two-Sided Matching is a well-established approach with applications in College Admissions, School Choice, and Mentor-Mentee matching problems. In such a context, participants in the matching have preferences with whom they want to be matched with. This article studies two important concepts in Two-Sided Matching: multiple objectives when finding a solution, and manipulation of preferences by participants. We use real data sets from a Mentor-Mentee program for the evaluation to provide insight on realistic effects and implications of the two concepts. In the first part of the article, we consider the quality …

Role Of Gender Differences On Individuals' Responses To Electronic Word-Of-Mouth In Social Interactions, Jonghak Sun, Seokwoo Song, Deanna House, Mintaek Kwon

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Considering the significant effects of electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM), this research explores how individuals respond to eWOM and whether gender differences exist in their perceptions. To do so, by employing the perspective of social interactions, we examine the proposed relationships are different between genders. We collected data using a survey and tested the hypotheses via path analysis. The results indicate that, gender differences were found specific to search effort, product involvement, and information credibility. Women with strong online ties had a tendency to be more involved in the product information and to find the information more credible. In addition, when women …

Marktplatz Zur Koordinierung Und Finanzierung Von Open Source Software, Georg J.P. Link, Malvika Rao, Don Marti, Andy Leak, Rich Bodo

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Open Source ist ein zunehmend beliebter Kollaborationsmechanismus für die Entwicklung von Software, auch in Unternehmen. Unsere Arbeit schafft die fehlende Verbindung zwischen Open Source Projekten, Unternehmen und Märkten. Ohne diese Verbindung wurden Koordinations- und Finanzierungsprobleme sichtbar, die zu schwerwiegenden Sicherheitslücken führen. In diesem Paper entwickeln wir acht Design Features, die ein Marktplatz für Open Source haben sollte, um diese Probleme zu beseitigen. Wir begründen jedes Design Feature mit den bestehenden Praktiken von Open Source und stellen einen Prototypen vor. Abschließend diskutieren wir, welche Auswirkungen die Einführung eines solchen Marktplatzes haben könnte.

Translation: Marketplace to Coordinate and Finance Open Source Software …

The Influence Of Conversational Agent Embodiment And Conversational Relevance On Socially Desirable Responding, Ryan M. Schuetzler, Justin Scott Giboney, G. Mark Grimes, Jay F. Nunamaker Jr.

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Conversational agents (CAs) are becoming an increasingly common component in a wide range of information systems. A great deal of research to date has focused on enhancing traits that make CAs more humanlike. However, few studies have examined the influence such traits have on information disclosure. This research builds on self-disclosure, social desirability, and social presence theories to explain how CA anthropomorphism affects disclosure of personally sensitive information. Taken together, these theories suggest that as CAs become more humanlike, the social desirability of user responses will increase. In this study, we use a laboratory experiment to examine the influence of …

Move-Hf: An Internet-Based Pilot Study To Improve Adherence To Exercise In Patients With Heart Failure, Pallav Deka, Bunny Pozehl, Mark A. Williams, Joseph F. Norman, Deepak Khazanchi, Dola Pathak

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Aim: The use of the internet and newer activity monitors such as the Fitbit Charge HR to improve exercise adherence is limited. The primary aim of the Move on Virtual Engagement (MOVE-HF) was to investigate the effects of group social support by internet-based synchronized face-to-face video and objective physical activity feedback on adherence to recommended exercise guidelines.

Methods: Thirty stable heart failure patients (New York Heart Association class I–III), aged 64.7±11.5 years, were randomly assigned to an experimental or comparison group. Participants were provided a handout on self-care in heart failure, an exercise routine, a Fitbit Charge HR and were …

Exposing The Science In Citizen Science: Fitness To Purpose And Intentional Design, Julia K. Parrish, Hillary Burgess, Jale F. Weltzin, Lucy Fortson, Andrea Wiggins, Brooke Simmons

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Citizen science is a growing phenomenon. With millions of people involved and billions of in-kind dollars contributed annually, this broad extent, fine grain approach to data collection should be garnering enthusiastic support in the mainstream science and higher education communities. However, many academic researchers demonstrate distinct biases against the use of citizen science as a source of rigorous information. To engage the public in scientific research, and the research community in the practice of citizen science, a mutual understanding is needed of accepted quality standards in science, and the corresponding specifics of project design and implementation when working with a …

Feasibility Of Using The Fitbit Charge Hr In Validating Self-Reported Exercise Diaries In A Community Setting In Patients With Heart Failure, Pallav Deka, Bunny Pozehl, Joseph F. Norman, Deepak Khazanchi

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Background: Use of wrist-worn activity monitors has increased over the past few years; however, the use of the Fitbit® Charge HR (FCHR) in a community setting in patients with heart failure has not been tested.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the feasibility, practicality and acceptability of utilizing the FCHR to validate self-reported exercise diaries and monitor exercise in community dwelling patients with heart failure. Methods: Thirty heart failure patients (12 females and 18 males) aged 64.7 ± 11.5 years were provided with a FCHR. Participants were provided with an exercise routine and for eight weeks, recorded …

The Role Of Ehealth In Disasters: A Strategy For Education, Training And Integration In Disaster Medicine, Anthony C. Norris, Jose J. Gonzalez, David T. Parry, Richard E. Scott, Julie Dugdale, Deepak Khazanchi

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

This paper describes the origins and progress of an international project to advance disaster eHealth (DEH) – the application of eHealth technologies to enhance the delivery of healthcare in disasters. The study to date has focused on two major themes; the role of DEH in facilitating inter-agency communication in disaster situations, and the fundamental need to promote awareness of DEH in the education of disaster managers and health professionals. The paper deals mainly with on-going research on the second of these themes, surveying the current provision of disaster medicine education, the design considerations for a DEH programme for health professionals, …

Open Data Standards For Open Source Software Risk Management Routines: An Examination Of Spdx, Robin A. Gandhi, Matt Germonprez, Georg J.P. Link

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

As the organizational use of open source software (OSS) increases, it requires the adjustment of organizational routines to manage new OSS risk. These routines may be influenced by community-developed open data standards to explicate, analyze, and report OSS risks. Open data standards are co-created in open communities for unifying the exchange of information. The SPDX® specification is such an open data standard to explicate and share OSS risk information. The development and subsequent adoption of SPDX raises the questions of how organizations make sense of SPDX when improving their own risk management routines, and of how a community benefits from …

The Influence Of Conversational Agents On Socially Desirable Responding, Ryan M. Schuetzler, G. Mark Grimes, Justin Scott Giboney, Jay F. Nunamaker Jr.

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Conversational agents (CAs) are becoming an increasingly common component in many information systems. The ubiquity of CAs in cell phones, entertainment systems, and messaging applications has led to a growing need to understand how design choices made when developing CAs influence user interactions. In this study, we explore the use case of CAs that gather potentially sensitive information from people—for example, in a medical interview. Using a laboratory experiment, we examine the influence of CA responsiveness and embodiment on the answers people give in response to sensitive and non-sensitive questions. The results show that for sensitive questions, the responsiveness of …

Regression Analysis Of Open Source Project Impact: Relationships With Activity And Rewards, Vinod Kumar Ahuja

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Engagement with open source projects is becoming an increasingly important part of how people work. In this regard, there is a growing interest in how we can better understand the dynamics within an open source project related to project activity, project contributor rewards, and project impact. In this paper, we summarize our work of exploring the relationships between these items.

Eight Observations And 24 Research Questions About Open Source Projects: Illuminating New Realities, Matt Germonprez, Georg J.P. Link, Kevin Lumbard, Sean Goggins

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

The rapid acceleration of corporate engagement with open source projects is drawing out new ways for CSCW researchers to consider the dynamics of these projects. Research must now consider the complex ecosystems within which open source projects are situated, including issues of for-profit motivations, brokering foundations, and corporate collaboration. Localized project considerations cannot reveal broader workings of an open source ecosystem, yet much empirical work is constrained to a local context. In response, we present eight observations from our eight-year engaged field study about the changing nature of open source projects. We ground these observations through 24 research questions that …

Exploring The Impact Of Technology Capabilities On Trust In Virtual Teams, Deepak Khazanchi

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Purpose – In an environment of constant technological change, the use of virtual teams has become commonplace for many organizations. Virtual teams (VTs) bring together dispersed individuals with varying knowledge and skill sets to accomplish tasks. VTs rely heavily on information technology as the medium for communication and coordination of work. The issue of establishing and maintaining trust in VTs poses challenges for these dispersed workers. Previous research has established that higher trusting teams have better cooperation and experience improved outcomes. We hope to contribute to the literature on trust in VTs by exploring how technology can facilitate high trusting …

Switching From A Semi-Computerized To An Online Employment Application System: A Case Study, Deanna House

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

This case explores the switch from semi-computerized to an online employment application system. This case documents the struggles experienced with user expectations related to requirements and how customization of a third-party product derailed the project’s success. The project was eventually implemented, but not without a significant development effort to customize. The end project was over budget, over time, and did not have all of the functionality that the users were expecting. Key factors leading to the project failure were: lack of user involvement and participation throughout the project including documentation of requirements for the target system, lack of a dedicated …

Contemporary Issues Of Open Data In Information Systems Research: Considerations And Recommendations, Georg J.P. Link, Kevin Lumbard, Kieran Conboy, Michael Feldman, Joseph Feller, Jordana George, Matt Germonprez, Sean Goggins, Debora Jeske, Gaye Kiely, Kristen Schuster, Matt Willis

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Researchers, governments, and funding agencies are calling on research disciplines to embrace open data - data that is publicly accessible and usable beyond the original authors. The premise is that research efforts can draw and generate several benefits from open data, as such data might provide further insight, enabling the replication and extension of current knowledge in different contexts. These potential benefits, coupled with a global push towards open data policies, brings open data into the agenda of research disciplines – including Information Systems (IS). This paper responds to these developments as follows. We outline themes in the ongoing discussion …

Implementing An Environmental Citizen Science Project: Strategies And Concerns From Educators’ Perspectives, Yurong He, Andrea Wiggins

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Citizen science seems to have a natural alignment with environmental and science education, but incorporating citizen science projects into education practices is still a challenge for educators from different education contexts. Based on participant observation and interview data, this paper describes the strategies educators identified for implementing an environmental citizen science project in different education contexts (i.e., classroom teaching, aquarium exhibits, and summer camp) and discusses the practical concerns influencing independent implementation by educators. The results revealed different implementation strategies that are shaped by four categories of constraints: 1) organizational and institutional policies, 2) educators’ time and material resources, 3) …

Using Embedded Mixed Methods In Studying Is Phenomena: Risks And Practical Remedies With An Illustration, Xiaodan Yu, Deepak Khazanchi

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Drawing on lessons learned from a mixed-methods research project, we illustrate how mixed research approaches are fruitful in studying the complexities and interactions inherent in IS phenomena, which is particularly relevant when one investigates relatively new and “messy” phenomena in that many opportunities for errors and omissions can arise. Mixed-methods research designs can also prove to be valuable in exploratory or new areas of research and provide empirical evidence from multiple sources and types of data that one can truly triangulate. In this paper, we discuss the risks associated with using a specific mixed-methods research strategy (i.e., embedded mixed-methods design) …

Mitigation Of Cognitive Bias With A Serious Game: Two Experiments Testing Feedback Timing And Source, Norah E. Dunbar, Matthew L. Jensen, Elena Bessarabova, Yu-Hao Lee, Scott N. Wilson, Javier Elizondo, Bradley J. Adame, Joseph Valacich, Sara Straub, Judee K. Burgoon, Brianna Lane, Cameron W. Piercy, David Wilson, Shawn King, Cindy Vincent, Ryan Schuetzler

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

One of the benefits of using digital games for education is that games can provide feedback for learners to assess their situation and correct their mistakes. We conducted two studies to examine the effectiveness of different feedback design (timing, duration, repeats, and feedback source) in a serious game designed to teach learners about cognitive biases. We also compared the digital game-based learning condition to a professional training video. Overall, the digital game was significantly more effective than the video condition. Longer durations and repeats improve the effects on bias-mitigation. Surprisingly, there was no significant difference between just-in-time feedback and delayed …

Assessing Data Quality In Citizen Science, Margaret Kosmala, Andrea Wiggins, Alexandra Swanson, Brooke Simmons

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Ecological and environmental citizen‐science projects have enormous potential to advance scientific knowledge, influence policy, and guide resource management by producing datasets that would otherwise be infeasible to generate. However, this potential can only be realized if the datasets are of high quality. While scientists are often skeptical of the ability of unpaid volunteers to produce accurate datasets, a growing body of publications clearly shows that diverse types of citizen‐science projects can produce data with accuracy equal to or surpassing that of professionals. Successful projects rely on a suite of methods to boost data accuracy and account for bias, including iterative …

The Value Of Crowdsourcing For Complex Problems: Comparative Evidence From Software Developed By The Crowd And Professionals, Abhishek Tripathi, Deepak Khazanchi

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

Crowdsourcing is a problem solving model. In the context of complex problems, conventional theory suggests that solving complex problems is a province of professionals, that is, people with sufficient knowledge about the domain. Prior literature has indicated that the crowd, in addition to professionals, is also a great source for solving problems such as product innovation and idea generation. However, this assumption has yet to be tested. Adopting a quasi-experimental approach, this study uses a two-phase process to investigate this question. In the first phase we compare the development of a software by the crowd and professionals. In the second …

Creation Of A Conceptual Model For Adoption Of Mobile Apps For Shopping From E-Commerce Sites–An Indian Context, Vandana Ahuja, Deepak Khazanchi

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

The changing marketing landscape has seen the advent and adoption of new tools like shopping apps for consumers. The conventional models which have studied Information Technology (IT) acceptance and adoption by consumers have found that adoption is a function of perceived usefulness and ease of usage. Other models have emphasised Quality, Enjoyment and Trust as significant determinants of the adoption of IT by consumers. Evolution in IT, changing consumer habits, changing demographics and consumer traits make it imperative to rethink pre-existing theories of acceptance and adoption of IT in the context of e-marketing. This paper focuses on the growth of …

Robustness Of Multiple Indicators In Automated Screening Systems For Deception Detection, Nathan Twyman, Jeffrey Gainer Proudfoot, Ryan M. Schuetzler, Aaron Elkins, Douglas C. Derrick

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

This study investigates the effectiveness of an automatic system for detection of deception by individuals with the use of multiple indicators of such potential deception. Deception detection research in the information systems discipline has postulated increased accuracy through a new class of screening systems that automatically conduct interviews and track multiple indicators of deception simultaneously. Understanding the robustness of this new class of systems and the limitations of its theoretical improved performance is important for refinement of the conceptual design. The design science proof-of-concept study presented here implemented and evaluated the robustness of these systems for automated screening for deception …