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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
An Empirical Evaluation Of The Inferential Capacity Of Defeasible Argumentation, Non-Monotonic Fuzzy Reasoning And Expert Systems, Lucas Rizzo, Luca Longo
An Empirical Evaluation Of The Inferential Capacity Of Defeasible Argumentation, Non-Monotonic Fuzzy Reasoning And Expert Systems, Lucas Rizzo, Luca Longo
Articles
Several non-monotonic formalisms exist in the field of Artificial Intelligence for reasoning under uncertainty. Many of these are deductive and knowledge-driven, and also employ procedural and semi-declarative techniques for inferential purposes. Nonetheless, limited work exist for the comparison across distinct techniques and in particular the examination of their inferential capacity. Thus, this paper focuses on a comparison of three knowledge-driven approaches employed for non-monotonic reasoning, namely expert systems, fuzzy reasoning and defeasible argumentation. A knowledge-representation and reasoning problem has been selected: modelling and assessing mental workload. This is an ill-defined construct, and its formalisation can be seen as a reasoning …
Representing And Inferring Mental Workload Via Defeasible Reasoning: A Comparison With The Nasa Task Load Index And The Workload Profile, Lucas Middeldorf Rizzo, Luca Longo
Representing And Inferring Mental Workload Via Defeasible Reasoning: A Comparison With The Nasa Task Load Index And The Workload Profile, Lucas Middeldorf Rizzo, Luca Longo
Conference papers
The NASA Task Load Index (NASA − TLX) and the Workload Profile (WP) are likely the most employed instruments for subjective mental workload (MWL) measurement. Numerous areas have made use of these methods for assessing human performance and thusly improving the design of systems and tasks. Unfortunately, MWL is still a vague concept, with different definitions and no universal measure. This research investigates the use of defeasible reasoning to represent and assess MWL. Reasoning is defeasible when a conclusion, supported by a set of premises, can be retracted in the light of new information. In this empirical study, this type …
A Defeasible Reasoning Framework For Human Mental Workload Representation And Assessment, Luca Longo
A Defeasible Reasoning Framework For Human Mental Workload Representation And Assessment, Luca Longo
Conference papers
Human mental workload (MWL) has gained importance in the last few decades as an important design concept. It is a multifaceted complex construct mainly applied in cognitive sciences and has been defined in many different ways. Although measuring MWL has potential advantages in interaction and interface design, its formalisation as an operational and computational construct has not sufficiently been addressed. This research contributes to the body of knowledge by providing an extensible framework built upon defeasible reasoning, and implemented with argumentation theory (AT), in which MWL can be better defined, measured, analysed, explained and applied in different human–computer interactive contexts. …
Defeasible Reasoning And Argument-Based Systems In Medical Fields: An Informal Overview, Luca Longo, Pierpaolo Dondio
Defeasible Reasoning And Argument-Based Systems In Medical Fields: An Informal Overview, Luca Longo, Pierpaolo Dondio
Conference papers
The first aim of this article is to provide readers informally with the basic notions of defeasible and non-monotonic reasoning, logics borrowed from artificial intelligence. It then describes argumentation theory, a paradigm for implementing defeasible reasoning in practice as well as the common multilayer schema upon which argument-based models are usually built. The second aim is to describe the selection of argumentbased applications in the medical and health-care sectors. Finally, the paper will conclude with a summary of the features, which make defeasible reasoning and argumentation theory attractive, that emerge from the applications under review. The target reader is a …
Argumentation Theory In Health Care, Luca Longo, Bridget Kane, Lucy Hederman
Argumentation Theory In Health Care, Luca Longo, Bridget Kane, Lucy Hederman
Books/Book Chapters
Argumentation theory (AT) has been gaining momentum in the health care arena thanks to its intuitive and modular way of aggregating clinical evidence and taking rational decisions. The basic principles of argumentation theory are described and demonstrated in the breast cancer recurrence problem. It is shown how to represent available clinical evidence in arguments, how to define defeat relations among them and how to create a formal argumentation framework. Argumentation semantics are then applied over the built framework to compute arguments justification status. It is demonstrated how this process can enhance the clinician decision-making process. A encouraging predictive capacity is …
Formalising Human Mental Workload As Non-Montonic Concept For Adaptive And Personalised Web-Design, Luca Longo
Formalising Human Mental Workload As Non-Montonic Concept For Adaptive And Personalised Web-Design, Luca Longo
Books/Book Chapters
Web Design has been evolving with Web-based systems becoming more complex and structured due to the delivery of personalised information adapted to end-users. Although information presented can be useful and well formatted, people have little mental workload available for dealing with unusable systems. Subjective mental workload assessments tools are usually adopted to measure the impact of Web-tasks upon end-users thanks to their ease of use and are aimed at supporting design practices. The Nasa Task Load Index subjective procedure has been taken as a reference technique for measuring mental workload, but it has a background in aircraft cockpits, supervisory and …