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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Storage Systems For Mobile-Cloud Applications, Nafize R. Paiker
Storage Systems For Mobile-Cloud Applications, Nafize R. Paiker
Dissertations
Mobile devices have become the major computing platform in todays world. However, some apps on mobile devices still suffer from insufficient computing and energy resources. A key solution is to offload resource-demanding computing tasks from mobile devices to the cloud. This leads to a scenario where computing tasks in the same application run concurrently on both the mobile device and the cloud.
This dissertation aims to ensure that the tasks in a mobile app that employs offloading can access and share files concurrently on the mobile and the cloud in a manner that is efficient, consistent, and transparent to locations. …
Deep Learning Methods For Mining Genomic Sequence Patterns, Xin Gao
Deep Learning Methods For Mining Genomic Sequence Patterns, Xin Gao
Dissertations
Nowadays, with the growing availability of large-scale genomic datasets and advanced computational techniques, more and more data-driven computational methods have been developed to analyze genomic data and help to solve incompletely understood biological problems. Among them, deep learning methods, have been proposed to automatically learn and recognize the functional activity of DNA sequences from genomics data. Techniques for efficient mining genomic sequence pattern will help to improve our understanding of gene regulation, and thus accelerate our progress toward using personal genomes in medicine.
This dissertation focuses on the development of deep learning methods for mining genomic sequences. First, we compare …
Polya Db3: A Database Cataloging Polyadenation Sites(Pas) Across Different Species And Their Conservation, Ram Mohan Nambiar
Polya Db3: A Database Cataloging Polyadenation Sites(Pas) Across Different Species And Their Conservation, Ram Mohan Nambiar
Theses
Polyadenation is an important process occurring in the messenger RNA that involves cleavage of 3 end nascent mRNAs and addition of poly(A) tails. For this thesis,I present PolyA DB3 ,a database cataloging cleavage and polyadenylation sites (PASs) in several genomes specifically for human,mouse,rat and chicken. This database is based on deep sequencing data. PASs are mapped by the 3’ region extraction and deep sequencing (3’READS) method, ensuring unequivocal PAS identification. Large volume of data based on diverse biological samples is used to increase PAS coverage and provide PAS usage information. Strand-specific RNA-seq data were used to extend annotated 3’ ends …
Computational Intelligence In Steganography: Adaptive Image Watermarking, Xin Zhong
Computational Intelligence In Steganography: Adaptive Image Watermarking, Xin Zhong
Dissertations
Digital image watermarking, as an extension of traditional steganography, refers to the process of hiding certain messages into cover images. The transport image, called marked-image or stego-image, conveys the hidden messages while appears visibly similar to the cover-image. Therefore, image watermarking enables various applications such as copyright protection and covert communication. In a watermarking scheme, fidelity, capacity and robustness are considered as crucial factors, where fidelity measures the similarity between the cover- and marked-images, capacity measures the maximum amount of watermark that can be embedded, and robustness concerns the watermark extraction under attacks on the marked-image. Watermarking techniques are often …
Improving K-Nn Search And Subspace Clustering Based On Local Intrinsic Dimensionality, Arwa M. Wali
Improving K-Nn Search And Subspace Clustering Based On Local Intrinsic Dimensionality, Arwa M. Wali
Dissertations
In several novel applications such as multimedia and recommender systems, data is often represented as object feature vectors in high-dimensional spaces. The high-dimensional data is always a challenge for state-of-the-art algorithms, because of the so-called "curse of dimensionality". As the dimensionality increases, the discriminative ability of similarity measures diminishes to the point where many data analysis algorithms, such as similarity search and clustering, that depend on them lose their effectiveness. One way to handle this challenge is by selecting the most important features, which is essential for providing compact object representations as well as improving the overall search and clustering …
Applications Of Big Knowledge Summarization, Ling Zheng
Applications Of Big Knowledge Summarization, Ling Zheng
Dissertations
Advanced technologies have resulted in the generation of large amounts of data ("Big Data"). The Big Knowledge derived from Big Data could be beyond humans' ability of comprehension, which will limit the effective and innovative use of Big Knowledge repository. Biomedical ontologies, which play important roles in biomedical information systems, constitute one kind of Big Knowledge repository. Biomedical ontologies typically consist of domain knowledge assertions expressed by the semantic connections between tens of thousands of concepts. Without some high-level visual representation of Big Knowledge in biomedical ontologies, humans cannot grasp the "big picture" of those ontologies. Such Big Knowledge orientation …
Novel Image Descriptors And Learning Methods For Image Classification Applications, Ajit Puthenputhussery
Novel Image Descriptors And Learning Methods For Image Classification Applications, Ajit Puthenputhussery
Dissertations
Image classification is an active and rapidly expanding research area in computer vision and machine learning due to its broad applications. With the advent of big data, the need for robust image descriptors and learning methods to process a large number of images for different kinds of visual applications has greatly increased. Towards that end, this dissertation focuses on exploring new image descriptors and learning methods by incorporating important visual aspects and enhancing the feature representation in the discriminative space for advancing image classification.
First, an innovative sparse representation model using the complete marginal Fisher analysis (CMFA-SR) framework is proposed …
Theoretical Studies Of Photoinduced Dynamics And Topological States In Materials With Strong Electron-Lattice Couplings, Linghua Zhu
Dissertations
First, we study the nonequilibrium dynamics of photoinduced phase transitions in charge ordered (CO) systems with a strong electron-lattice interaction and analyze the interplay between electrons, periodic lattice distortions, and a phonon thermal reservoir. Simulations based on a tight-binding Hamiltonian and Boltzmann equations reveal partially decoupled oscillations of the electronic order parameter and the periodic lattice distortion during CO melting, which becomes more energy efficient with lower photon energy. The cooling rate of the electron system correlates with the CO gap dynamics, responsible for an order of magnitude decrease of the cooling rate upon the gap reopening. The work also …
Virtual Smarts - Optimizing The Coalescing Of People For Collective Action Within Urban Communities, Stephen Thomas Ricken
Virtual Smarts - Optimizing The Coalescing Of People For Collective Action Within Urban Communities, Stephen Thomas Ricken
Dissertations
Despite the importance of individuals coming together for social group-activities (e.g., pick-up volleyball), the process by which such groups coalesce is poorly understood, and as a consequence is poorly supported by technology. This is despite the emergence of Event-Based Social Network (EBSN) technologies that are specifically designed to assist group coalescing for social activities. Existing theories focus on group development in terms of norms and types, rather than the processes involved in initial group coalescence. This dissertation addresses this gap in the literature through four studies focusing on understanding the coalescing process for interest-based group activities within urban environments and …
High Performance Cloud Computing On Multicore Computers, Jianchen Shan
High Performance Cloud Computing On Multicore Computers, Jianchen Shan
Dissertations
The cloud has become a major computing platform, with virtualization being a key to allow applications to run and share the resources in the cloud. A wide spectrum of applications need to process large amounts of data at high speeds in the cloud, e.g., analyzing customer data to find out purchase behavior, processing location data to determine geographical trends, or mining social media data to assess brand sentiment. To achieve high performance, these applications create and use multiple threads running on multicore processors. However, existing virtualization technology cannot support the efficient execution of such applications on virtual machines, making them …
Detecting And Characterizing Self Hiding Behavior In Android Applications, Raina Samuel
Detecting And Characterizing Self Hiding Behavior In Android Applications, Raina Samuel
Theses
Applications (apps) that conceal their activities are fundamentally deceptive; app marketplaces and end-users should treat such apps as suspicious. However, due to its nature and intent, activity concealing is not disclosed up-front, which puts users at risk. This study focuses on characterization and detection of such techniques, e.g., hiding the app or removing traces, known as 'self hiding' (SH) behavior. SH behavior has not been studied per se - rather it has been reported on only as a byproduct of malware investigations. This gap is addressed via a study and suite of static analyses targeted at SH in Android apps. …
Hypoxic And Viral Contributions To The Etiopathogenesis Of Schizophrenia: A Whole Transcriptome Analysis, Kathryn A. Gorski
Hypoxic And Viral Contributions To The Etiopathogenesis Of Schizophrenia: A Whole Transcriptome Analysis, Kathryn A. Gorski
Theses
Schizophrenia is a mental illness with a complex and as of yet unclear etiology. It is highly heritable and has a strong polygenic character, however, studies examining the genetics of schizophrenia have not sufficiently explained all variability in its prevalence. Environmental causes are theorized to have a non trivial contribution to the pathoetiology of schizophrenia, including interactions with genetic components, but these mechanisms remain unclear. Analyzing schizophrenia dysfunction using transcriptomic approaches is a paradigm still in its infancy, and fewer studies still have examined non neurological contributions to schizophrenia pathology with next generation sequencing technologies. This pilot study uses several …
Supporting User Evaluation Of Messaging Interactions With Potential Romantic Partners Discovered Online, Douglas Zytko
Supporting User Evaluation Of Messaging Interactions With Potential Romantic Partners Discovered Online, Douglas Zytko
Dissertations
Online dating systems have transformed the way people pursue romance. To arrive at a decision to meet for a face-to-face date, users gather information about each other online pertinent to romantic attraction. Yet sometimes they discover on the date that they made the wrong choice. One aspect of online dating system-use that may be a contributing factor, but is largely overlooked in the literature, is interaction through text-based messaging interfaces. This dissertation explores how messaging interactions inform face-to-face meeting decisions through two qualitative studies, and explores through a mixed methods field study how innovative messaging interfaces that embody theory from …