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Articles 1 - 30 of 77
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A Precipitation Model And Experimental Correlation With Various Properties Of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate, Thomas Rivera
A Precipitation Model And Experimental Correlation With Various Properties Of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate, Thomas Rivera
Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs
A continuous precipitation method for the preparation of crystalline pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) has been developed. The process involves the precipitation of PETN from an acetone solution by the addition of water in a static mixer. The principal independent variable is the ratio, R, of the acetone-PETN solution flow rate to the flow rate of water.
A mathematical model based on dispersed plug-flow equations adequately represents the physical process. The relationships developed can be used to predict particle size distributions, two explosion properties of PETN, and estimate the effective kinetics involved in the precipitation process. The mass-weighted mean particle size, L, …
The P-Nitrobenzyl System. Iv. Base-Induced Transformations In P-Nitrobenzyl Chloride, Bromide, Iodide, Tosylate, And Sulfonium Salts, Samir B. Hanna, Paul H. Ruehle
The P-Nitrobenzyl System. Iv. Base-Induced Transformations In P-Nitrobenzyl Chloride, Bromide, Iodide, Tosylate, And Sulfonium Salts, Samir B. Hanna, Paul H. Ruehle
Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works
No abstract provided.
A Study Of Selected Variables For Prediction Of Success And Placement In General Chemistry At Western Michigan University, Stephen M. Yekeson
A Study Of Selected Variables For Prediction Of Success And Placement In General Chemistry At Western Michigan University, Stephen M. Yekeson
Dissertations
Chapter I
The Problem
Introduction
The traditional philosophy that a college-or a university is an exclusive institution in which only highly selected individuals receive a concentrated training in the traditional liberal arts no longer exists. In America, for instance, as early as 1870, Harvard, the colonial college with a narrow curriculum, was transformed rather rapidly into a modern university with many new subjects and the elective system (Garrett, 1949). Also, since 1642, when the first entrance requirements were instituted for American higher education, a continuing debate has developed over what constitutes a sound curriculum for education. There are those who …
Calorimetric Determination Of The Interaction Of Cu, Fe, And V Oxides With So₂ And Measurement Of Sulfur (Iv) And Sulfur (Vi) In Particulate Samples From Utah Valley, Douglas F. Cannon
Calorimetric Determination Of The Interaction Of Cu, Fe, And V Oxides With So₂ And Measurement Of Sulfur (Iv) And Sulfur (Vi) In Particulate Samples From Utah Valley, Douglas F. Cannon
Theses and Dissertations
The adsorption of SO2 by metal oxides suspended in decane were studied by calorimetric titration. The adsorption per surface area decreases in order CuO > Cu2O > Fe2O3 > V2O5. An Andersen High Volume sampler was used to obtain particulate samples from five sites in Utah County. Particulate sulfur (IV) and sulfur (VI) was analyzed by thermometric titration with K2Cr2O7 and by a direct injection enthalpimetric determination using BaCl2. Results show that little oxidation of the S(IV) occurs after it is released from the Kennecott smelter stack.
Anion Assisted Redox Rates Between Cobalt (Ii) - Cobalt (Iii) Polypyridyl Complexes In Acetophenone, Seyed Garmestani
Anion Assisted Redox Rates Between Cobalt (Ii) - Cobalt (Iii) Polypyridyl Complexes In Acetophenone, Seyed Garmestani
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The effects of ionic strength and various anions on the rate of electron transfer between tris(2,2'-dipyridine) cobalt(III) and bis(2,2',2"-tripyridine) cobalt(II) complexes have been examined in acetophenone. The redox rate was found to increase with increasing ionic strength in both the presence and absence of added salts. The reaction was first order with respect to each reactant and second order overall in all cases. The influence of the C104, BF4, and B(C6H5)4 anions on the reaction rate was studied with their order of effectiveness being: C104- > BF4 >> B(C6 …
Excited States And Photochemistry Of Saturated Molecules. I. General Approach And Application To Propane, Patrick M. Saatzer, Robert D. Koob, Mark S. Gordon
Excited States And Photochemistry Of Saturated Molecules. I. General Approach And Application To Propane, Patrick M. Saatzer, Robert D. Koob, Mark S. Gordon
Mark S. Gordon
Following Ruedenberg, we suggest that a useful measure of chemical binding is the two-center, one-electron interference contribution to the energy in the electronic state of interest. Using this conceptual framework, the vertical valence excited states of propane in the optimal ground state geometry are examined using INDO in its original parametrization. The results are compared with available experimental information. The calculations yield bond energies which are consistent with observed decomposition modes for ground states of small alkanes and excited states of propane. Configuration interaction calculations are discussed in the case of propane. Inclusion of all single excitations from the ground …
17th Annual Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference
17th Annual Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference
Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance
Final program and abstracts from the 17th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference, sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 4-8, 1975.
A Study Of The Electrolytic Oxidation Of Antioxidants At A Stationary Platinum Microelectrode, Mark Anthony Forte
A Study Of The Electrolytic Oxidation Of Antioxidants At A Stationary Platinum Microelectrode, Mark Anthony Forte
Master's Theses
Phenolic antioxidants have a Wide variety of uses. They are em- ployed to prevent oxidative and thermal degradation of everything from plastics to foodstuffs. They may even have potential as carcinostatic agents. In general, they act as chain terminators in free radical type reactions.
An Atomic Absorption Method For Determining Micromolar Quantities Of Primary Aliphatic Amines In The Presence Of Secondary And Tertiary Aliphatic Amines, Nathalie Harwood Perkins
An Atomic Absorption Method For Determining Micromolar Quantities Of Primary Aliphatic Amines In The Presence Of Secondary And Tertiary Aliphatic Amines, Nathalie Harwood Perkins
Master's Theses
A method for the determination of primary aliphatic amines in the presence of secondary and tertiary amines is described. The primary amine is reacted wit ha complexing reagent containing cupric chloride, salicylaldehyde and triethanolamine. The copper complex formed is extracted into 10% hexanol in toluene. The amount of copper in the toluene layer is determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. This is a measure of the primary amine in the sample. The method can be successfulyl applied to both monoamines and diamines as well as an amino alcohol. Data for the analysis is + 0.05% at the 2% level and below. …
The Effect Of Nitroalkanes On The Electrolytic Oxidation Of Tertiary Butyl Amine And Tertiary Amyl Amine, Karl Lloyd Bergen
The Effect Of Nitroalkanes On The Electrolytic Oxidation Of Tertiary Butyl Amine And Tertiary Amyl Amine, Karl Lloyd Bergen
Theses and Dissertations
The electrolyses of tert.-butyl and tert.-amyl amines were run with a voltage of approximately 3v., as measured across the cell, with and without the presence of 1-2% nitro-tert.-alkane. A graphite anode was used; the supporting electrolyte was NaClO4; the solvent was the reacting amine(s) with 10-20% water to solubilize the NaClO4. The products were azo compounds, azoxy compounds, 1,3-disubstituted ureas and traces of nitroso compounds. In the case of tert.-butyl amine di-tert.-butyl carbodiimide was also shown to be a product. The presence of nitro compounds increased the yields of azoxy and nitroso compounds and decreased the yields of azo compounds. …
Synthesis And Stereochemistry Of 2,6,10-Triazatricyclo [5.2.1.0⁴ ¹⁰] Decane Derivatives, Susan Elaine Foulger
Synthesis And Stereochemistry Of 2,6,10-Triazatricyclo [5.2.1.0⁴ ¹⁰] Decane Derivatives, Susan Elaine Foulger
Theses and Dissertations
The synthesis and stereochemical aspects of derivatives of the new ring system 2,6,10-triazatricyclo [5.2.1.04,10] decane are discussed. Sythesis of 2-nitro-2-methyl-1,3-disubstitutedaminopropanes, followed by reduction of these compounds to 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-disubstituted aminopropanes afforded the necessary starting materials for a cyclization reaction similar to that resulting in already known 2,6-dioxa-10-azatricyclo [5.2.1.04,10] decanes. Reaction of the triamines with 2,5-hexanedione resulted in 2,6-disubstituted-1,4,7-trimethyl-2,6,10-triazatricyclo [5.2.1.04,10] decanes. The stereochemical aspects of this ring system are interesting from the standpoint of nitrogen inversion barriers on nitrogens 2 and 6. Existence of a high inversion barrier for these nitrogens in shown by isolation of different diastereomers of the tricycle. Methods …
Macrocyclic Polyether Sulfide Syntheses :|Bthe Preparation Of Thia-Crown-6, 7, And 8 Compounds, Robert Askew Reeder
Macrocyclic Polyether Sulfide Syntheses :|Bthe Preparation Of Thia-Crown-6, 7, And 8 Compounds, Robert Askew Reeder
Theses and Dissertations
Macrocyclic polyether sulfides have been prepared by reacting an oligoethylene glycol dichloride with a dithiol in refluxing basic ethanol. The following new compounds were prepared: 1,5-dithia-(19- crown-6), 3-hydroxy-1,5-dithia-(19-crown-6), 1,4-dithia-(21-crown-7), 3-hydroxy-1,5-dithia-(22-crown-7), and 1,4-dithia-(24-crown-8). One other previously reported macrocyclic polyether sulfide was also prepared. The thesis includes a review of macrocyclic sulfides and other related compounds, the thermodynamics of interaction of several macrocyclic polyether sulfides with Ag^+, Hg^2+, and Pb^2+ ions, and a discussion of the structure of these materials.
A Stereochemical Study Of Some 2,2'-Bridged Biphenyls, Alan J. Quarfoot
A Stereochemical Study Of Some 2,2'-Bridged Biphenyls, Alan J. Quarfoot
Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Spectroscopic Studies Of The Hydrogen-Chlorine Flame, Gonzalo Pizarro
Spectroscopic Studies Of The Hydrogen-Chlorine Flame, Gonzalo Pizarro
Masters Theses
No abstract provided.
Electronic Transitions Of Metal Complexes With Triphenylphosphine As A Ligand, Thomas Zimmer
Electronic Transitions Of Metal Complexes With Triphenylphosphine As A Ligand, Thomas Zimmer
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The spectra of transition metal complexes with triphenylphosphine have been measured near 260 nm and the results interpreted in terms of perturbation of the it electron system of the phenyl ring. All complexes studied show sou degree of delocalization of the d-orbital electrons of the metal into the phenyl ring. However, for first row transition metals, the primary affect was found to be polarization of the phenyl ring due to the presence of the metal ion. For second and third row transition metal ions, the primary effect was found to be metal-ligand back-bonding. However, the effect of polarization of the …
A Spectrophotometric Equilibrium Study Of Nickel(Ii)-3, 4', 4", 4'"-Tetrasulfophthalocyanine, Stephen Lowery
A Spectrophotometric Equilibrium Study Of Nickel(Ii)-3, 4', 4", 4'"-Tetrasulfophthalocyanine, Stephen Lowery
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
There have been several studies made on the effects of various central metal ions on the aggregation of tetrasulfonated Phthalocyanine dye complexes in aqueous solution, but there have been no studies made on the aggregation of the nickel(II)-4, 4', 4", 4'"-tetrasulfoohthalocyanine (NiII-TSPC) complex. Therefore, a study of the effects of nickel(II) on the aggregation of its aqueous tetrasulfonated Phthalocyanine dye complex was Proposed so that a comparison might be made with nrevious studies of central metal ion effects. It was found, however, that NiII-TSPC gives a much higher degree of aggregation in water than the metal …
Kinetics Of The Thermal Decomposition Of Pyridine, Tesfaye Biftu
Kinetics Of The Thermal Decomposition Of Pyridine, Tesfaye Biftu
Masters Theses
No abstract provided.
Synthesis And Analysis Of Dimers Of Alpha-Methylstyrene, Bhadreshkumar J. Mehta
Synthesis And Analysis Of Dimers Of Alpha-Methylstyrene, Bhadreshkumar J. Mehta
Masters Theses
Introduction
The heat of polymerization ∆Hp, of Alpha-methylstyrene (AMS) has been a source of study for many years. The structure of AMS is shown in Figure 1.
Roberts and Jessup carried out the first quantitative work to determine ∆Hp if AMS.1 Their data displayed a ∆Hp dependence on the degree of polymerization, DP. Several other reports were also published with new values for ∆Hp and new explanations for the apparent DP dependence.2, 3, 4, 5.
Samples of dimers of AMS have been prepared by various workers.6, 7, 8 The reactions were mostly carried out by using sulfuric …
Composition And Structure Of A Stress Relieving Removable Epoxy Resin, Cecelia Victoria Krapcha Carter
Composition And Structure Of A Stress Relieving Removable Epoxy Resin, Cecelia Victoria Krapcha Carter
Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs
The aqueous modification of polyol modified anhydride cured diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A exhibits properties of a brittle solid when subjected to an impulse stress, and properties of a viscous fluid when subjected to a steady state stress. This behavior is markedly different from the nonaqueous system. Early attempts to understand the nature of the change in properties and the physical mechanism involved have not been completely successful. These attempts have typically taken a physical chemistry approach and have not fully investigated the organic nature of the polymer. In order to fully understand a polymer system an important step should …
The Synthesis Of New Maleimide Addition Polymer Precursors, Richard B. Brown
The Synthesis Of New Maleimide Addition Polymer Precursors, Richard B. Brown
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
1H-2,3-dimethylpyrrolo(1,2-a) benzimidazol-l-one (27) and 1H,9H- 2,3,7,8-tetramethyl-bispyrrolo(1,2-a:6,7-a')benzodiimidazo1-1,9-dione (32) have been synthesized from dimethylmaleic anhydride and o-phenylenediamine and 1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene, respectively. The presence of reactive olefinic double bonds in the synthesized compounds was of interest as a site for possible addition polymerization.
The synthetic route involved, in both cases, a simple nucleophilic substitution reaction between the diamine(or tetraamine) and the anhydride to form an intermediate amide-acid-amine which rapidly cyclized to the imide amine. The final ring closure required more rigorous conditions and occurred at melt reaction temperatures.
Synthesis Of 2,4-Dichloro-6-Methylborazine And 2-Chloro-4,6-Dimethylborazine, Deborah Ann Scribner
Synthesis Of 2,4-Dichloro-6-Methylborazine And 2-Chloro-4,6-Dimethylborazine, Deborah Ann Scribner
Honors Theses
In the attempted preparation of 2, 4, 6-trimethylborazine, two unknown products were isolated. It was suspected that these could be 2-chloro-4, 6-dimethylborazine and 2, 4-dichloro-6-methylborazine. Due to the difficulty of separation of the two products, they were not positively identified. These two compounds were then chosen for synthesis and characterization since they would be useful starting materials for the preparation of unsymmetrically substituted borazines and since there is little data on unsymmetrical borazine derivatives. It was later decided that the 2, 4-dichloro-6-methyl-borazine would be synthesized first since it would be earlier to control the mole ratio of reactants to favor …
Calculation Of Pseudocontact Shifts For Co( Ch30h)5x2+ Complexes, Jerry Goodisman
Calculation Of Pseudocontact Shifts For Co( Ch30h)5x2+ Complexes, Jerry Goodisman
Chemistry - All Scholarship
In this article, we calculate pseudocontact shifts for tetragonal high-spin Co(I1) complexes using a crystal field model. Calculated results for the dipolar field strength and its variation with temperature are compared with values derived from experimental measurements on complexes of the form Co(CH30H)5X2+. The calculation involves evaluation of the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility, and proceeds by the following steps: (a) from the crystal field parameters Dq, Ds, Dt, and B the three orbital wave functions of lowest energy are found. (b) The effect of spin-orbit coupling over the 12 states (three orbital wave functions coupled with four spin states) …
Dielectric Constants And Pair Interactions In Polar Molecules, Guy Nicholas Pultz
Dielectric Constants And Pair Interactions In Polar Molecules, Guy Nicholas Pultz
Honors Theses
Intermolecular interactions effect the physical properties of polar substances to varying degrees. One property for which there exists the possibility of separating out the various components of this interaction (pairs, triplets, etc.) is the total molar polarization of a substance. These effects are quite dependent upon temperature and pressure, so if one is going to make measurements over a large range of these variables, one must develop a system that is capable of handling the conditions. Along with this there must be the necessary instrumentation and other apparatus for measuring dielectric constants which define total molar polarization. In this thesis, …
The Synthesis Of Primary O-Substituted Hydroxylamines For The Study Of Nucleophilic Substitution At The Electrophilic Nitrogen Center, Richard Martin Sommer
The Synthesis Of Primary O-Substituted Hydroxylamines For The Study Of Nucleophilic Substitution At The Electrophilic Nitrogen Center, Richard Martin Sommer
Honors Theses
Within the past fifteen years bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions at the sp3 hybridized nitrogen center have been the topic of some investigation. The synthesis of 0-substituted hydroxylamines was undertaken in order to obtain substrates for the study of these substitution reactions. Mesitylenesulfonyl chloride and t-butyl N-hydroxycarbamate were reacted to form the N-blocked t-butyl N-mesitylenesulfonyloxycarbamate. Subsequent acid cleavage of the nitrogen blocking group with trifluoroacetic acid yielded 0-mesitylenesulfonylhydroxylamine. Unsuccessful kinetic studies of the reaction of iodide with 0-mesitylenesulfonylhydroxylamine are reported. Attempts to synthesize 0-(2, 4-dinitrophenyl) hydroxylamine utilizing t-butyl N-hydroxycarbamate and ethyl acetohydroxamate as a sources of N-blocked hydroxylamine failed. In both …
Determination Of The Lead Content Of Paint Chips Using The Lead Selective Electrode, Edward Jordan Morgan
Determination Of The Lead Content Of Paint Chips Using The Lead Selective Electrode, Edward Jordan Morgan
Honors Theses
This study was undertaken to examine the feasibility of using the lead selective electrode to determine the lead content of paint chips. There is a need today, for a fast, inexpensive method for screening large numbers of paint chip samples. Chips containing hazardous levels of lead, e.g., 10% by weight, should be identified, so that steps may be taken to make them inaccessible to children. A laboratory report is frequently required, in order to justify the costly job of complete removal of the paint or covering with paneling. The lead selective electrode, which operates in a manner similar to that …
Stereoselectivity In Bis-1 (2-Pyridyl) Ethylaminecobalt (Iii), Richard Lindsay Wellman
Stereoselectivity In Bis-1 (2-Pyridyl) Ethylaminecobalt (Iii), Richard Lindsay Wellman
Honors Theses
Recently Michelsen reported the synthesis of a new series of bis-chelated cobalt (III) compounds using 2-pyridylmethylamine (pm) as a bidentate ligand.4 Replacement of a methylene hydrogen of pm with a methyl group gives the optically active compound 1-(2-pyridyl) ethylamine (pa). Model studies show that when bound to a cobalt molecule, the ligand methyl group can assume either and axial or an equatorial position. On the basis of predictions by Corey and Bailar1 using the ligand 1, 2-diaminopropane, it was thought stereoselectively might be observed in the reaction of pa with cobalt. To determine if this was so Michelsen’s reactions were …
Base Strength And Concentration Effects On Orientation In Elimination Reactions, Frederick Norman Preuninger
Base Strength And Concentration Effects On Orientation In Elimination Reactions, Frederick Norman Preuninger
Honors Theses
The orientation of base promoted eliminations depends on several factors including base strength and size. Neither of these factors account for all of the observed results. A new factor, ion pairing of the base, is suggested. Results of elimination reactions using sodium benzoate derivatives are found to be consistent with this explanation. Kinetic data for an ion pair mechanism were sought but not obtained.
Relative Rate Of Ozonolysis Between Symmetrical And Unsymmetrical Olefins, Wai Lum Yuen
Relative Rate Of Ozonolysis Between Symmetrical And Unsymmetrical Olefins, Wai Lum Yuen
Honors Theses
There are two theories about the mechanism of the ozone-olefin reaction. One is that ozone makes a one-step four-center attack on the olefin to form a primary ozonide. Another theory is that ozone makes an electrophilic attack of the olefin to form a pi complex. The pi complex then collapses into the primary ozonide. The relative rates of reaction of a series of symmetrical and unsymmetrical olefins were determined. Gas chromatograph was used to measure the relative concentration of the various olefins before and after ozonolysis. The relative rates of ozonolysis were then calculated from the data. It was observed …
Sulfonium Salts, Aliphatic And Aromatic Diazonium Salts, Formation And Isolation, Geoffrey D. Picard
Sulfonium Salts, Aliphatic And Aromatic Diazonium Salts, Formation And Isolation, Geoffrey D. Picard
Honors Theses
An improved method for the preparation of diazonium salts was developed. Aliphatic diazonium salts were isolated for the first time. A method for their preparation was also worked out. The use of sulfonium salts as a route to deuteration of organic compounds was looked into.
Synthesis Of New Antimicrobial Agents, Michael John Burke
Synthesis Of New Antimicrobial Agents, Michael John Burke
Honors Theses
Two new compounds have been synthesized in sufficient quantities to be tested for antimicrobial activity.