Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Europium(Ii)-Containing Complexes For Responsive Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Levi Alexander Ekanger

Wayne State University Dissertations

The research projects described in this dissertation are focused on studying the oxidation of EuII-containing complexes within the context of responsive MRI. Prior to this research, EuII had not been explored within the context of oxidation-responsive MRI nor had the use of this ion been reported in vivo. The results of these studies enable predictions about the oxidation-responsive behavior of EuII-containing complexes in vitro and in vivo.

The EuII-containing cryptate 1.33 was used to evaluate EuII-based positive contrast enhancement after intravenous, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous injections. The transitory behavior of the positive contrast enhancement correlated with reported levels of oxygenation and …

Use Of 17o-Nmr Spectroscopy To Study The Coordination Chemistry Of Trivalent Lanthanide Ions In Solution, Zhijin Lin

Wayne State University Dissertations

Trivalent lanthanide (Ln3+)-containing complexes have a number of important applications in molecular imaging, catalysis, medical diagnosis, information storage, and environmental sensing. The properties of Ln3+-containing complexes that are useful for these applications are influenced by coordination chemistry, including the number of coordinated ligands and ligand-exchange rates. The coordination numbers for water molecules bound to Eu3+ and Tb3+ have been studied by luminescence-decay measurements; however, the coordination numbers of other important oxygen-containing functional groups such as ketones, esters, ethers, sulfonyls, amides, phosphine oxides, and aldehydes have not been as thoroughly studied in solution because of the lack of hydroxyl groups that …

Lanthanide-Based Precatalysts For Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions In Aqueous Media, Derek James Averill

Wayne State University Dissertations

The formation of carbon-carbon bonds is of great interest to synthetic chemists because these bonds make up the majority of biologically active compounds. The Mukaiyama aldol reaction is a Lewis-acid-catalyzed carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction that has the ability to produce optically active β-hydroxy carbonyls which can be found in many pharmaceuticals and natural products. Because of precatalyst instability towards hydrolysis, anhydrous solvents are commonly used. Recent efforts have focused on water-tolerant versions of enantioselective Mukaiyama aldol reactions because of the financial and environmental benefits of using aqueous media. Consequently, the Lewis-acidic and water-tolerant features of Ln³⁺ ions have aroused great …