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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Love Collection Of Chinese Wall Paintings, Donglin Chen
The Love Collection Of Chinese Wall Paintings, Donglin Chen
Senior Theses and Projects
The Chinese Fresco Painting (accession #1951.230) at the Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art is a problematic work. The museum registration document showed that this wall painting is thought to have been painted during the Ming dynasty, ruling from 1368 to 1644. It may depict the Goddess of Sons and Grandsons, Zisun Niangniang. However, this is unprovenanced and unresearched. In this paper, connoisseurship analysis and scientific examination of the painting are carried out to elucidate the mystery of this Chinese mural. This study attempted to confirm the Ming Dynasty dating of this painting by demonstrating stylistic affinities between it and other …
Phosphorus And Metal Cycling In A Drinking Water Source, Amanda Modica
Phosphorus And Metal Cycling In A Drinking Water Source, Amanda Modica
Senior Theses and Projects
This project sought to investigate the cycling of phosphorus and metals in Lake Auburn, a drinking water source, specifically to analyze the impacts of an alum treatment on the lake for the purpose of decreasing concentrations of eutrophication-promoting phosphorus. The alum addition was performed in the summer of 2019 in two phases. Water samples were collected from the surface to the deepest point at five sites around the lake from February 2019 to November 2021. Data showed that the added alum slowly sank to the bottom of the lake. Total and dissolved metals data showed increased metals concentrations at sampling …
Triarylmethyl Cation-Catalyzed Three-Component Coupling For The Synthesis Of Unsymmetrical Bisindolylmethanes [Post-Print], William Patterson, Kelly Lucas, Vanessa Jones, Zhenghua Chen, Kevin Bardelski, Melissa Guarino-Hotz, Cheyenne S. Brindle
Triarylmethyl Cation-Catalyzed Three-Component Coupling For The Synthesis Of Unsymmetrical Bisindolylmethanes [Post-Print], William Patterson, Kelly Lucas, Vanessa Jones, Zhenghua Chen, Kevin Bardelski, Melissa Guarino-Hotz, Cheyenne S. Brindle
Faculty Scholarship
An efficient synthesis of unsymmetrical bisindolylmethanes has been accomplished using triarylmethyl cations to catalyze the reaction of N-arylimines with two different indoles. Optimization of the organocatalyst by tuning cation stability allows for excellent single addition selectivity when coupled with p-nitrophenyl imines. The optimal catalyst is commercially available, and the reaction minimizes waste and environmental impact by employing a one-to-one ratio of starting materials. The intermediates can be isolated or used in situ in a one-pot two-step reaction to generate unsymmetrical bisindolylmethanes in high yields. The reaction tolerates a broad range of imines with the highest yields observed for …
Supported Bilayer Membranes For Reducing Cell Adhesion In Microfluidic Devices [Post-Print], Julia R. Clapis, Mengqi Jonathan Fan, Michelle Kovarik
Supported Bilayer Membranes For Reducing Cell Adhesion In Microfluidic Devices [Post-Print], Julia R. Clapis, Mengqi Jonathan Fan, Michelle Kovarik
Faculty Scholarship
The high surface area-to-volume ratio of microfluidic channels makes them susceptible to fouling and clogging when used for biological analyses, including cell-based assays. We evaluated the role of electrostatic and van der Waals interactions in cell adhesion in PDMS microchannels coated with supported lipid bilayers and identified conditions that resulted in minimal cell adhesion. For low ionic strength buffer, optimum results were obtained for a zwitterionic coating of pure egg phosphatidylcholine; for a rich growth medium, the best results were obtained for zwitterionic bilayers or those with slight negative or moderate positive charge from the incorporation of 5-10 mol% egg …
Review Of Student-Built Spectroscopy Instrumentation Projects, Michelle L. Kovarik, Julia R. Clapis, K. Ana Romano-Pringle
Review Of Student-Built Spectroscopy Instrumentation Projects, Michelle L. Kovarik, Julia R. Clapis, K. Ana Romano-Pringle
Faculty Scholarship
Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society and Division of Chemical Education, Inc. One challenge of teaching chemical analysis is the proliferation of sophisticated, but often impenetrable, instrumentation in the modern laboratory. Complex instruments, and the software that runs them, distance students from the physical and chemical processes that generate the analytical signal. A solution to this challenge is the introduction of a student-driven instrument-building project. Visible absorbance spectroscopy is well-suited to such a project due to its relative simplicity and the ubiquity of absorbance measurements. This Article reviews simple instructor- A nd student-built instruments for spectroscopy, providing an overview of …
Collaborative Learning Exercises For Teaching Protein Mass Spectrometry [Post-Print], Michelle Kovarik, Jill K. Robinson
Collaborative Learning Exercises For Teaching Protein Mass Spectrometry [Post-Print], Michelle Kovarik, Jill K. Robinson
Faculty Scholarship
A collaborative learning module for teaching protein mass spectrometry has been developed to overcome common obstacles to incorporating the modern topic of biological mass spectrometry into the undergraduate chemistry curriculum. Protein mass spectrometry data is provided to eliminate the need for expensive instrumentation, and an instructor’s manual gives necessary details for those unfamiliar with the topic. The first section provides background information on proteins and the field of proteomics. The second section describes the use of electrospray ionization to determine the molecular weight of a protein. The third section shows how to identify a protein using peptide mass mapping, and …
Effect Of Loading Method On A Peptide Substrate Reporter In Intact Cells [Post-Print], Rahuljeet Chadha, Grigorii Kalminskii, Allison Tierney, Joshua Knopf, Lorena Lazo De La Vega, Berjana Mcelrath, Michelle Kovarik
Effect Of Loading Method On A Peptide Substrate Reporter In Intact Cells [Post-Print], Rahuljeet Chadha, Grigorii Kalminskii, Allison Tierney, Joshua Knopf, Lorena Lazo De La Vega, Berjana Mcelrath, Michelle Kovarik
Faculty Scholarship
Studies of live cells often require loading of exogenous molecules through the cell membrane; however, effects of loading method on experimental results are poorly understood. Therefore, in this work, we compared three methods for loading a fluorescently labeled peptide into cells of the model organism Dictyostelium discoideum. We optimized loading by pinocytosis, electroporation, and myristoylation to maximize cell viability and characterized loading efficiency, localization, and uniformity. We also determined how the loading method affected measurements of enzyme activity on the peptide substrate reporter using capillary electrophoresis. Loading method had a strong effect on the stability and phosphorylation of the …
Pseudoelasticity At Large Strains In Au Nanocrystals [Post-Print], X. Wendy Gu, Lindsey A. Hanson, Carissa N. Eisler, Matthew A. Koc, A. Paul Alivisatos
Pseudoelasticity At Large Strains In Au Nanocrystals [Post-Print], X. Wendy Gu, Lindsey A. Hanson, Carissa N. Eisler, Matthew A. Koc, A. Paul Alivisatos
Faculty Scholarship
© 2018 American Physical Society. Pseudoelasticity in metals is typically associated with phase transformations (e.g., shape memory alloys) but has recently been observed in sub-10 nm Ag nanocrystals that rapidly recovered their original shape after deformation to large strains. The discovery of pseudoelasticity in nanoscale metals dramatically changes the current understanding of the properties of solids at the smallest length scales, and the motion of atoms at surfaces. Yet, it remains unclear whether pseudoelasticity exists in different metals and nanocrystal sizes. The challenge of observing deformation at atomistic to nanometer length scales has prevented a clear mechanistic understanding of nanoscale …
Synthesis And Evaluation Of Acetylcholine Molecularly Imprinted Polymers, Nathaniel Donald Thiemann
Synthesis And Evaluation Of Acetylcholine Molecularly Imprinted Polymers, Nathaniel Donald Thiemann
Masters Theses
Polymers imprinted with acetylcholine during synthesis were prepared in order to evaluate their potential for implementation as a novel recognition element in acetylcholine biosensors. Biosensors, such as the glucose monitor, are used to rapidly detect and quantify a target analyte. Acetylcholine biosensors have already been produced using enzymatic recognition elements, but they are currently expensive and plagued by short viability. Molecularly imprinted polymers are not only cheap and durable, but have also been successfully used as a recognition element in biosensors for other analytes. Therefore, computational tools were used to rationally design acetylcholine molecularly imprinted polymers. Three chemicals, itaconic acid, …
Successfully Navigating The Early Years Of A Faculty Position, Michelle L. Kovarik, Christopher R. Harrison, Thomas J. Wenzel
Successfully Navigating The Early Years Of A Faculty Position, Michelle L. Kovarik, Christopher R. Harrison, Thomas J. Wenzel
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Triarylmethyl Cation Catalysis: A Tunable Lewis Acid Organocatalyst For The Synthesis Of Bisindolylmethanes, Nicholas G. Boekell, Dana J. Cerone, Maria M. Boucher, Wilfried B. Nganyak Tentchou, Christine G. Reavis, Ifeanyi I. Okoh, Jordan O.A. Reid, Hayley E. Berg, Briana A. Chang, Cheyenne S. Brindle
Triarylmethyl Cation Catalysis: A Tunable Lewis Acid Organocatalyst For The Synthesis Of Bisindolylmethanes, Nicholas G. Boekell, Dana J. Cerone, Maria M. Boucher, Wilfried B. Nganyak Tentchou, Christine G. Reavis, Ifeanyi I. Okoh, Jordan O.A. Reid, Hayley E. Berg, Briana A. Chang, Cheyenne S. Brindle
Faculty Scholarship
Triarylmethyl cations serve as tunable organocatalysts for the synthesis of bisindolylmethanes. The catalyst structure can be modified to increase or decrease reactivity as needed to match the requirements of the substrate. High yields are achieved for a variety of substrates by using these green catalysts. Catalyst tuning allows for the use of less reactive electrophiles by increasing the reactivity of the catalyst. Acid-sensitive products can be isolated under these mild reaction conditions.
Interspecies Comparison Of Peptide Substrate Reporter Metabolism Using Compartment-Based Modeling [Post-Print], Allison Tierney, Nhat Pham, Kunwei Yang, Brooks Emerick, Michelle Kovarik
Interspecies Comparison Of Peptide Substrate Reporter Metabolism Using Compartment-Based Modeling [Post-Print], Allison Tierney, Nhat Pham, Kunwei Yang, Brooks Emerick, Michelle Kovarik
Faculty Scholarship
Peptide substrate reporters are fluorescently labeled peptides that can be acted upon by one or more enzymes of interest. Peptide substrates are readily synthesized and more easily separated than full-length protein substrates; however, they are often more rapidly degraded by peptidases. As a result, peptide reporters must be made resistant to proteolysis in order to study enzymes in intact cells and lysates. This is typically achieved by optimizing the reporter sequence in a single cell type or model organism, but studies of reporter stability in a variety of organisms are needed to establish the robustness and broader utility of these …
Analytical Chemistry Research At Primarily Undergraduate Institutions: Training Tomorrow’S Investigators [Post-Print], Michelle Kovarik
Analytical Chemistry Research At Primarily Undergraduate Institutions: Training Tomorrow’S Investigators [Post-Print], Michelle Kovarik
Faculty Scholarship
Primarily undergraduate institutions (PUIs) are a unique training ground for young scientists who work closely with faculty on their research. Researchers at PUIs face a number of challenges, including balancing research and teaching responsibilities, obtaining sufficient funding for projects, and training students in their first research experiences. Faculty at PUIs deploy a variety of strategies to address these challenges, and the resulting research provides important benefits to faculty, students, the analytical chemistry community, and society. This perspective discusses these challenges and benefits in detail. Additionally, several vignettes describe how specific faculty members have established and maintained productive research programs at …
Loading Peptides Into Dictyostelium Discoideum Using Pinocytosis, Electroporation, Cell Penetrating Peptides, And Myristoylation, Lorena Lazo De La Vega
Loading Peptides Into Dictyostelium Discoideum Using Pinocytosis, Electroporation, Cell Penetrating Peptides, And Myristoylation, Lorena Lazo De La Vega
Senior Theses and Projects
The phospholipid bilayer of the cell is fluid and allows transport of small, hydrophobic compounds across the membrane. However, larger molecules such as peptides cannot cross the bilayer as easily. Therefore, my goal is to identify and optimize a method for loading exogenous peptides, such as reporters, hormones, or drugs, through the cell membrane. For these studies, we are using Dictyostelium discoideum as a model organism to test four peptide loading methods: pinocytosis, electroporation, cell-penetrating peptides and myristoylation. Pinocytosis uses changes in osmotic pressure to load the peptides through vesicles. The cells were exposed to a hypertonic solution for 10 …
Development Of A Rapid Spme/Gc-Ms Method For The Detection And Quantification Of Synthetic Cathinones In Oral Fluid, David Correll
Development Of A Rapid Spme/Gc-Ms Method For The Detection And Quantification Of Synthetic Cathinones In Oral Fluid, David Correll
Senior Theses and Projects
The recent emergence and widespread abuse of new classes of compounds on the designer drug market as “legal” alternatives to scheduled drugs such as Ecstasy has prompted interest in the development of analytical methods for their detection and characterization. Synthetic cathinones, which are structurally similar to amphetamines, are commonly advertised as a “legal highs” or “herbal highs,” and are marketed under names such as “bath salts” and “plant food.” To avoid drug abuse legislation, a “not for human consumption” warning is typically printed on the label. Their ready availability on the Internet and in “head” shops, convenience stores, and even …
Conformational Behavior Of Symmetrical And Unsymmetrical Mono(Alkynylpeptide)-Tungsten Complexes [Post-Print], Timothy P. Curran, Whitney E. Smith, Peter C. Hendrickson
Conformational Behavior Of Symmetrical And Unsymmetrical Mono(Alkynylpeptide)-Tungsten Complexes [Post-Print], Timothy P. Curran, Whitney E. Smith, Peter C. Hendrickson
Faculty Scholarship
A series of N-protected amino acid alkynylesters were prepared by reaction of the amino acid carboxylate group with either propargyl alcohol (to yield the asymmetric esters 2a–c) or with 1, 4-but-2-yne diol (to yield the symmetric esters 3a–d). The alkynylesters were reacted with W(CO)3(dmtc)2 to yield monoalkyne complexes having the general formula W(CO)(dmtc)2(alkynyl ester). The monoalkyne complexes 6a–f were unstable in the presence of oxygen and had to be kept under an inert atmosphere. Analysis of the NMR spectra of the monoalkyne complexes showed that two diastereomers …
Ferrocene Constrained Helical Peptides Via On-Resin Cyclization, Thomas A. Mcteague
Ferrocene Constrained Helical Peptides Via On-Resin Cyclization, Thomas A. Mcteague
Senior Theses and Projects
Previous research within the Curran group has demonstrated that ferrocene may be used as an organometallic constraint to induce the formation of α-helices in short peptides which traditionally possess undefined conformations. Through strategic placement of lysine residues at the i and i+3 positions within the peptide, such a constraint was accomplished via the crosslinking of the lysine side chains to ferrocene dicarboxylic acid chloride in solution phase synthesis. The aim of this work was to develop a method for solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) for the synthesis of these ferrocene-constrained helices. In particular, we seek to develop a method in …