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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Molecular Elucidation Of Reaction Mechanisms In Aluminum & Lithium Metal Batteries By Solid-State Nmr Spectroscopy And Electrochemical Methods, Leo W. Gordon
Dissertations and Theses
As society wrestles with the ever-growing climate consequences of burning fossil fuels, the increased demand for electric vehicles and renewable power generation mandates safe, sustainable, earth-abundant, low cost, and energy dense batteries. Different use cases will necessitate different types of batteries; for example, stationary storage systems prioritize minimal expense, whereas mobile applications like electric vehicles emphasize high energy densities. Aluminum and lithium metal batteries hold great promise for next-generation energy storage due to their large specific capacities (2980 mA h g-1, and 3860 mA h g-1, respectively). In particular, aluminum metal is low cost, has high …
Analysis Of Blue Fountain Pen Ink By Uv-Vis Spectroscopy, Atr-Ftir Spectroscopy, And Thin Layer Chromatography Enhanced With Rgb Spot Evaluation To Construct A Database For Comparison And Identification., Elliot D. Quinteros
Dissertations and Theses
Pen ink can be a crucial piece of physical evidence in the area of Forensic Science. For example, evidence such as notes, letters, printed documents, checks, currency, ransom notes, and books may contain ink. Analysis of ink is typically done for identification or differentiation purposes. To improve existing methods, it was proposed to create a database with many samples and experimental information. The methods used and evaluated were thin-layer chromatography (TLC) enhanced with RGB spot evaluation, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. All three methods were used to analyze 89 fountain pen ink samples. All three methods were able to discriminate …
Poly(Β-Gal-Thr): A New Scalable Synthetic Mucin, Manuel A. Lema
Poly(Β-Gal-Thr): A New Scalable Synthetic Mucin, Manuel A. Lema
Dissertations and Theses
A method for the preparation of glycosylated polypeptides via the nucleophilic ring-opening polymerization of a glycosylated N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) monomer is reported. The synthesis of 2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl-β-galactose-threonine N-carboxyanhydride (β-AcO-Gal-Thr-NCA) monomer in 5 steps with an 8 % overall yield is described, and the single-crystal X-ray structure is provided. The effect of a series of Ni0-based organometallic initiators, nucleophilic amine initiators, co-catalysts, and solvents on the polymerization were explored. The kinetics of the three most promising conditions were studied in greater detail. The conditions that provided the highest yield, low polydispersity (Ð), and …
Comparison Of Calculated Normal Mode Molecular Vibrations With Experimental Gas-Phase Infrared Spectroscopy, Anila Renis Sutar
Comparison Of Calculated Normal Mode Molecular Vibrations With Experimental Gas-Phase Infrared Spectroscopy, Anila Renis Sutar
Dissertations and Theses
Computational vibrational spectroscopy serves as an important tool in the interpretation of experimental infrared (IR) spectra. Analysis of computational results provides a perspective over broader wavelength ranges and at higher precision. Although there are issues regarding accuracy, this can be approximated by using a scaling factor. High-resolution gas-phase FTIR spectroscopy at a resolution of 0.125 cm-1 can partially resolve rovibrational transitions in the P, Q, and R bands and therefore identify fundamental frequencies with approximately 1 cm-1 precision.
This research has compared high-resolution gas-phase FTIR absorption peaks to calculated vibrational frequencies. In the calculation of normal mode frequencies, …
Sugar-Derived Oleogels In Cosmetics And Food Applications: A Case Study Of Trehalose- And Mannitol-Based Gelators, Polina Tsupko
Sugar-Derived Oleogels In Cosmetics And Food Applications: A Case Study Of Trehalose- And Mannitol-Based Gelators, Polina Tsupko
Dissertations and Theses
Gels represent an indispensable part of our everyday lives with direct applications in food, medicine, cosmetics and other industries. Amphiphilic molecules have been shown to act as low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) and are becoming the main focus of several research groups. Their ability to self-assemble into various morphologies from micelles to bilayer sheets, and remain stable due to noncovalent forces responsible for the formation of the 3D network—Self-Assembled Fibrillar Network (SAFiNs)—is in the core of their ability to produce molecular gels. Those amphiphilic molecules capable of adsorbing at the interface and behaving as surface active agents are known as …
Copper-Mediated N1-Arylation Of Benzotriazoles, Magdalena R. Andrzejewska
Copper-Mediated N1-Arylation Of Benzotriazoles, Magdalena R. Andrzejewska
Dissertations and Theses
Benzotriazoles are group of bicyclic heterocyclic compounds that contain three nitrogen atoms fused to a benzene ring. Along with their derivatives, they possess a wide range of properties. They are used in medical field, as they exhibit such properties as antibacterial,antiplasmoidal,antiprotozoal, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities, among others. They are also used in various industries as herbicides, UV absorbers, deicing and antiicing agents and corrosion inhibitors, to list a few. Because of their wide range of applications, we designed a new two-step synthesis for the formation of N-1-aryl benzotriazoles. 1-Hydroxy-1H-benzotriazole N-oxides were synthesized using phenylboronic acid (PhB(OH) …
The Study Of The Degradation Of Hexabromocyclododecane In A Heterogeneous System Containing Fe(Ii) Adsorbed To The Iron Oxide Hematite., Kristian K. Roopnarine
The Study Of The Degradation Of Hexabromocyclododecane In A Heterogeneous System Containing Fe(Ii) Adsorbed To The Iron Oxide Hematite., Kristian K. Roopnarine
Dissertations and Theses
The reaction of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD), a widely used brominated flame retardant, was studied in a heterogenous mixture containing reactive Fe(II) adsorbed to the iron oxide hematite. The adsorbed Fe(II)/iron oxide system has shown to be a potent reductant in the transformation of organic contaminants with relatively water soluble organic contaminants. There currently aren’t many studies involving hydrophobic organic contaminants, such as HBCDD, in this reducing Fe(II)/iron oxide system. The results indicate that across the pHs 6.86, 6.95, 7.15 and 7.35 γ and β-HBCDD are degraded within a couple days. The pseudo-first order rate constants at pH 6.95 are 0.049 hr …
Adsorption Of Antibiotics By Vermiculite, Mosa J. Ferdous
Adsorption Of Antibiotics By Vermiculite, Mosa J. Ferdous
Dissertations and Theses
The occurrence of residual antibiotics in the environment has been a worldwide issue and warrants the development of inexpensive yet effective methods for antibiotics removal from contaminated water. In this thesis work, the adsorption of four antibiotics, namely chlorotetracycline (CTC), oxytetracycline (OTC), ofloxacin (OFL), and enrofloxacin (ENR), onto natural vermiculite has been studied using batch (static) and column (dynamic) adsorption techniques. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were initially used to explain the adsorption processes. The separation factor (RL) values derived from the Langmuir model and the 1/n values derived from Freundlich model in the present investigation were less than …
Julia-Kocienski Approach To 4-Substituted 1- Alkenyl-1h-1,2,3-Triazoles, Kunga Tsetan
Julia-Kocienski Approach To 4-Substituted 1- Alkenyl-1h-1,2,3-Triazoles, Kunga Tsetan
Dissertations and Theses
A modular approach to the synthesis of 4-substituted N-vinyltriazoles was
developed. The triazole cores were assembled by copper-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar
cycloaddition of 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl (PT) azidomethyl sulfide with: pmethoxyphenyl, 2-pyridyl, and triisopropylsilyl alkynes. Subsequent oxidation of the sulfides furnished 4-substituted triazoles with a Julia-Kocienski olefination handle attached at the N1 atom of the triazole. Olefination reactions of triazole-derived Julia-Kocienski reagents with paraformaldehyde gave 1-ethenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles. Heck reactions of these products with phenyl or p-methoxyphenyl iodide led to further functionalization of the terminal carbon, with E/Z-olefin ratios ≥ 92%. Heck reaction with p-cyanophenyl iodide gave low conversion, and that with 2-thienyl iodide did not …
Degradation Of Carbon Tetrachloride Using Hydrophobic Green Rust, Sheena Bowman
Degradation Of Carbon Tetrachloride Using Hydrophobic Green Rust, Sheena Bowman
Dissertations and Theses
Hydrophobic green rusts (GR) were produced using aerial oxidation of solutions containing bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (BIS) and sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate (SNLS), iron (II) sulfate and sodium hydroxide. The synthesis was conduced at constant pH 8.0±0.1 for the duration of 1-3 hrs. Partition tests showed GRBIS and GRSNLS suspended in the organic phase (tetrachloroethylene). Through X-ray diffraction analysis both GRs exhibit similar patterns to Green Rust II, an inorganic form of GR. The kinetics of GR reductive dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride (CT) was investigated. CT at high concentrations was degraded at high percentages for GRBIS-3, 88.5% and GRSNLS-5, 97.6%. Their reactions were …
Biobased Amphiphiles As Molecular Gelators, Nneoma C. Ezeude
Biobased Amphiphiles As Molecular Gelators, Nneoma C. Ezeude
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
The Study Of The Degradation Rates Of The Hexabromocyclododecane Isomers With Polysulfides At 25 Oc And Ph 9 In 80% Water / 20% Methanol, John H. Wilson
The Study Of The Degradation Rates Of The Hexabromocyclododecane Isomers With Polysulfides At 25 Oc And Ph 9 In 80% Water / 20% Methanol, John H. Wilson
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
Supercharging: An Investigation Into The Effects Of External Amino Acid Residue Charge On The Solubility And Internal Electric Character Of Bound Ligands In A Heme-Binding De Novo-Designed Protein, Cooper French
Dissertations and Theses
De novo protein design offers many interesting prospects both as a means to better understand natural protein dynamics and as a potential resource in biomedical and industrial applications. In this work I describe the modification of a simple, well-characterized heme-binding protein by altering side chain residue identities on the hydrophilic surface of the protein to produce variants with a range of net external charges. These charge modifications had a significant impact on nearly every measurable character of the protein. This work establishes the hard limits of supercharging within our experimental protein scaffold system, demonstrating that excessive positive charge increased the …
Azide-Benzyne Cycloaddition And Olefination To Vinyl Benzotriazoles, Singh Govindra
Azide-Benzyne Cycloaddition And Olefination To Vinyl Benzotriazoles, Singh Govindra
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
Studies On Sucralose-Based Low Molecular Weight Gelators, Malick Samateh
Studies On Sucralose-Based Low Molecular Weight Gelators, Malick Samateh
Dissertations and Theses
Amphiphiles are molecules with both hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail groups. Examples of amphiphiles include surfactants, detergents, soaps, bile acids/salts and lipids. Due to their amphiphilic nature, they tend to self-assemble in solution via non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen-bonding, π-π stacking and donor–acceptor interactions to form hierarchical morphologies like micelles, lamellae and fibers. The ones capable of subsequently forming gels are known as low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs). LMWGs usually form “polymer-like” fibers that interact to form a three-dimentional network known as a Self-Assembled Fibrillar Network (SAFIN), which entraps and immobilizes the entire solvent pool to form a viscoeslatic material …
Effects Of Arsenic And Uvb Radiation On Induction Of Cyclin D1 In Human Keratinocytes., Julian Gonzalez
Effects Of Arsenic And Uvb Radiation On Induction Of Cyclin D1 In Human Keratinocytes., Julian Gonzalez
Dissertations and Theses
Arsenic and Ultraviolet radiation B (UVB) are environmental toxins that have been linked to various epithelial cancers. Arsenic metabolism in humans leads to its collection in the skin, where it encounters and can act with known carcinogen UVB. Epidemiological evidence of the two toxins demonstrates their potential to affect signaling pathways, with various consequences. Here we employ an in vitro model system using Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes (NHEK) to identify the effect of arsenic and UVB on humans and whether they work synergistically. We find that although both cause induction of cyclin D1, culturing cells with both co-mutagens does not …
Synthesis Of Alkynyl Ribofuranosides, Christian Rodriguez
Synthesis Of Alkynyl Ribofuranosides, Christian Rodriguez
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
Synthesis And Characterization Of Pbte Quantum Dots, Faiza Anwar
Synthesis And Characterization Of Pbte Quantum Dots, Faiza Anwar
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
Selective Adsorption Of Dibenzothiophenes On Activated Carbons With Metal Species Deposited On Their Surfaces, Jakub Lison
Selective Adsorption Of Dibenzothiophenes On Activated Carbons With Metal Species Deposited On Their Surfaces, Jakub Lison
Dissertations and Theses
"The objective of this thesis is an investigation of influence of porosity, surface chemistry, material composition and effects of metals oncarbon adsorbents in desulfurization of liquid fuels. Materials are derived from poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) salts (sodium or transition metals). They are investigated in a dynamic breakthrough process using model diesel fuel containing dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4, 6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (DMDBT). The performance of adsorbents is evaluated in terms of the capacity and selectivity. Differences in performance are investigated considering the porosity, surface chemistry and the type of material used."
Modular Synthesis Of Weinreb Amides Of 2-Fluoro-2,4-Dienoic Acids, Mohammad Chowdhury
Modular Synthesis Of Weinreb Amides Of 2-Fluoro-2,4-Dienoic Acids, Mohammad Chowdhury
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.