Physical Sciences and Mathematics | Open Access Articles

How Chatgpt Can Be Used As A Defense Mechanism For Cyber Attacks, Michelle Ayaim

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

The powers of OpenAI's groundbreaking AI language model, ChatGPT, startled millions of users when it was released in November. But for many, the tool's ability to further accomplish the goals of evil actors swiftly replaced their initial excitement with significant concerns. ChatGPT gives malicious actors additional ways to possibly compromise sophisticated cybersecurity software. Leaders in a sector that is currently suffering from a 38% global spike in data breaches in 2022 must acknowledge the rising influence of AI and take appropriate action. Cybercriminals are writing more complex and focused business email compromise (BEC) and other phishing emails with the assistance …

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Global Energy Consumption: An Analysis Of Variables That Shape Per Capita Usage, Or How Pump Price, Urbanization, And Fossil Fuels Imports Impact Fossil Fuels Consumption Per Capita Across Oecd Countries, Mila Demchyk Savage

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

Among reasons explaining the importance of studying fossil fuel consumption are: crude oil is a subject of the international commodities market, thus, any fluctuation related to its' availability or price would impact the rest of the World; natural resources like oil, gas, and coal are limited; the extensive use of fossil fuels harms our surroundings, creating many environmental concerns; every human (on average) has been using more energy since 1971 and the trend is expected to continue. The upward trend is not consistent among individual countries. Therefore, the core question of my research is, `Why do some countries consume less …

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The Effect Of Sustainability Information Disclosure On The Cost Of Equity Capital: An Empirical Analysis Based On Gartner Top 50 Supply Chain Rankings, Lingyu Li, Xianrong Zheng, Shuxi Wang

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

While disclosing financial information has been widely proved to reduce the financing cost of a company, the impact of non-financial information, such as sustainability information, disclosing on the financing cost of the company is still in debate. The goal of this paper is to explore the impact of disclosing sustainability-related information on the cost of equity for firms. The paper first introduces the concept of sustainability information disclosure, and then exhibits its benefit through exploring its impact on reducing a firm’s financing cost. It uses the Gartner supply chain top 50 rankings to construct the experiment environment to test for …

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Digital Transformation, Applications, And Vulnerabilities In Maritime And Shipbuilding Ecosystems, Rafael Diaz, Katherine Smith

VMASC Publications

The evolution of maritime and shipbuilding supply chains toward digital ecosystems increases operational complexity and needs reliable communication and coordination. As labor and suppliers shift to digital platforms, interconnection, information transparency, and decentralized choices become ubiquitous. In this sense, Industry 4.0 enables "smart digitalization" in these environments. Many applications exist in two distinct but interrelated areas related to shipbuilding design and shipyard operational performance. New digital tools, such as virtual prototypes and augmented reality, begin to be used in the design phases, during the commissioning/quality control activities, and for training workers and crews. An application relates to using Virtual Prototypes …

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Detecting Deceptive Dark-Pattern Web Advertisements For Blind Screen-Reader Users, Satwick Ram Kodandaram, Mohan Sunkara, Sampath Jayarathna, Vikas Ashok

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Advertisements have become commonplace on modern websites. While ads are typically designed for visual consumption, it is unclear how they affect blind users who interact with the ads using a screen reader. Existing research studies on non-visual web interaction predominantly focus on general web browsing; the specific impact of extraneous ad content on blind users' experience remains largely unexplored. To fill this gap, we conducted an interview study with 18 blind participants; we found that blind users are often deceived by ads that contextually blend in with the surrounding web page content. While ad blockers can address this problem via …

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A Hybrid Deep Learning Approach For Crude Oil Price Prediction, Hind Aldabagh, Xianrong Zheng, Ravi Mukkamala

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Crude oil is one of the world’s most important commodities. Its price can affect the global economy, as well as the economies of importing and exporting countries. As a result, forecasting the price of crude oil is essential for investors. However, crude oil price tends to fluctuate considerably during significant world events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical conflicts. In this paper, we propose a deep learning model for forecasting the crude oil price of one-step and multi-step ahead. The model extracts important features that impact crude oil prices and uses them to predict future prices. The prediction model …

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Assessing Univariate And Multivariate Normality In Pls-Sem, Kathy Qing Ma, Weiyong Zhang

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) has gained popularity among researchers in part due to its relaxed requirement for multivariate normality. One important step in performing structural equation modeling (SEM) is to test the normality assumption. In this paper, we illustrate how to assess univariate and multivariate normality in PLS-SEM using WarpPLS.

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How Do Sustainability Stakeholders Seize Climate Risk Premia In The Private Cleantech Sector, Lingyu Li, Xianrong Zheng

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

This paper explores the strategies and practices of capturing climate risk premia for venture capital (VC) fund managers and entrepreneurs in the private cleantech sector. It also examines the impact of the feed-in tariffs (FITs) policy on the management of cleantech investments. It is shown that a longer investment period, less investment capital in cleantech investment management strategies, and optimistic climate risk management practices will help investors to better capture climate risk premia. In fact, the FITs policy will give rise to VC fund managers and entrepreneurs having a positive view regarding the prospects of the cleantech sector, motivating them …

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Machine-Learning-Based Vulnerability Detection And Classification In Internet Of Things Device Security, Sarah Bin Hulayyil, Shancang Li, Li Da Xu

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

Detecting cyber security vulnerabilities in the Internet of Things (IoT) devices before they are exploited is increasingly challenging and is one of the key technologies to protect IoT devices from cyber attacks. This work conducts a comprehensive survey to investigate the methods and tools used in vulnerability detection in IoT environments utilizing machine learning techniques on various datasets, i.e., IoT23. During this study, the common potential vulnerabilities of IoT architectures are analyzed on each layer and the machine learning workflow is described for detecting IoT vulnerabilities. A vulnerability detection and mitigation framework was proposed for machine learning-based vulnerability detection in …

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Digital Energy Platforms Considering Digital Privacy And Security By Design Principles, Umit Cali, Marthe Fogstad Dynge, Ahmed Idries, Sambeet Mishra, Ivanko Dmytro, Naser Hashemipour, Murat Kuzlu, Aleksandra Mileva (Ed.), Steffen Wendzel (Ed.), Virginia Franqueira (Ed.)

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

The power system and markets have become increasingly complex, along with efforts to digitalize the energy sector. Accessing flexibility services, in particular, through digital energy platforms, has enabled communication between multiple entities within the energy system and streamlined flexibility market operations. However, digitalizing these vast and complex systems introduces new cybersecurity and privacy concerns, which must be properly addressed during the design of the digital energy platform ecosystems. More specifically, both privacy and cybersecurity measures should be embedded into all phases of the platform design and operation, based on the privacy and security by design principles. In this study, these …

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Development Of Sensing And Programming Activities For Engineering Technology Pathways Using A Virtual Arduino Simulation Platform, Murat Kuzlu, Vukica Jovanovic, Otilia Popescu, Salih Sarp

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

The Arduino platform has long been an efficient tool in teaching electrical engineering technology, electrical engineering, and computer science concepts in schools and universities and introducing new learners to programming and microcontrollers. Numerous Arduino projects are widely available through the open-source community, and they can help students to have hands-on experience in building circuits and programming electronics with a wide variety of topics that can make learning electrical prototyping fun. The educational fields of electrical engineering and electrical engineering technology need continuous updating to keep up with the continuous evolution of the computer system. Although the traditional Arduino platform has …

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Inventions In The Area Of Nanotechnologies And Nanomaterials. Part I, Leonid A. Ivanov, Li Da Xu, Zhanna V. Pisarenko, Svetlana R. Muminova, Nadezda G. Miloradova

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

Introduction. Advanced technologies inspire people by demonstrating the latest achievements (materials, methods, systems, technologies, devices etc.) that dramatically change the world. This, first of all, concerns nanotechnological inventions designed by scientists, engineers and specialists from different countries. Main part. The article provides an abstract overview of inventions of scientists, engineers and specialists from different countries: Germany, Russia, China, USA et al. The results of the creative activity of scientists, engineers and specialists, including inventions in the field of nanotechnology and nanomaterials allow, when introduced to industry, achieving a significant effect in construction, housing and communal services, and related sectors of …

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Speculative Futures On Chatgpt And Generative Artificial Intelligence (Ai): A Collective Reflection From The Educational Landscape, Aras Bozkurt, Junhong Xiao, Sarah Lambert, Angelica Pazurek, Helen Crompton, Suzan Koseoglu, Robert Farrow, Melissa Bond, Chrissi Nerantzi, Sarah Honeychurch, Maha Bali, Jon Dron, Kamran Mir, Bonnie Stewart, Eamon Costello, Jon Mason, Christian M. Stracke, Enilda Romero-Hall, Apostolos Koutropoulos, Cathy Mae Toquero, Lenandlar Singh, Ahmed Tlili, Kyungmee Lee, Mark Nichols, Ebba Ossiannilsson, Mark Brown, Valerie Irvine, Juliana Elisa Raffaghelli, Gema Santos-Hermosa, Orna Farrell, Taskeen Adam, Ying Li Thong, Sunagul Sani-Bozkurt, Ramesh C. Sharma, Stefan Hrastinski, Petar Jandrić

Teaching & Learning Faculty Publications

While ChatGPT has recently become very popular, AI has a long history and philosophy. This paper intends to explore the promises and pitfalls of the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) AI and potentially future technologies by adopting a speculative methodology. Speculative future narratives with a specific focus on educational contexts are provided in an attempt to identify emerging themes and discuss their implications for education in the 21st century. Affordances of (using) AI in Education (AIEd) and possible adverse effects are identified and discussed which emerge from the narratives. It is argued that now is the best of times to define …

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Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

How Chatgpt Can Be Used As A Defense Mechanism For Cyber Attacks, Michelle Ayaim

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

Global Energy Consumption: An Analysis Of Variables That Shape Per Capita Usage, Or How Pump Price, Urbanization, And Fossil Fuels Imports Impact Fossil Fuels Consumption Per Capita Across Oecd Countries, Mila Demchyk Savage

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

The Effect Of Sustainability Information Disclosure On The Cost Of Equity Capital: An Empirical Analysis Based On Gartner Top 50 Supply Chain Rankings, Lingyu Li, Xianrong Zheng, Shuxi Wang

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

Digital Transformation, Applications, And Vulnerabilities In Maritime And Shipbuilding Ecosystems, Rafael Diaz, Katherine Smith

VMASC Publications

Detecting Deceptive Dark-Pattern Web Advertisements For Blind Screen-Reader Users, Satwick Ram Kodandaram, Mohan Sunkara, Sampath Jayarathna, Vikas Ashok

Computer Science Faculty Publications

A Hybrid Deep Learning Approach For Crude Oil Price Prediction, Hind Aldabagh, Xianrong Zheng, Ravi Mukkamala

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Assessing Univariate And Multivariate Normality In Pls-Sem, Kathy Qing Ma, Weiyong Zhang

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

How Do Sustainability Stakeholders Seize Climate Risk Premia In The Private Cleantech Sector, Lingyu Li, Xianrong Zheng

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

Machine-Learning-Based Vulnerability Detection And Classification In Internet Of Things Device Security, Sarah Bin Hulayyil, Shancang Li, Li Da Xu

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

Digital Energy Platforms Considering Digital Privacy And Security By Design Principles, Umit Cali, Marthe Fogstad Dynge, Ahmed Idries, Sambeet Mishra, Ivanko Dmytro, Naser Hashemipour, Murat Kuzlu, Aleksandra Mileva (Ed.), Steffen Wendzel (Ed.), Virginia Franqueira (Ed.)

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

Development Of Sensing And Programming Activities For Engineering Technology Pathways Using A Virtual Arduino Simulation Platform, Murat Kuzlu, Vukica Jovanovic, Otilia Popescu, Salih Sarp

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

Inventions In The Area Of Nanotechnologies And Nanomaterials. Part I, Leonid A. Ivanov, Li Da Xu, Zhanna V. Pisarenko, Svetlana R. Muminova, Nadezda G. Miloradova

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

Teaching & Learning Faculty Publications