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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Causal Mediation In A Survival Setting With Time-Dependent Mediators, Wenjing Zheng, Mark J. Van Der Laan
Causal Mediation In A Survival Setting With Time-Dependent Mediators, Wenjing Zheng, Mark J. Van Der Laan
Wenjing Zheng
The effect of an expsore on an outcome of interest is often mediated by intermediate variables. The goal of causal mediation analysis is to evaluate the role of these intermediate variables (mediators) in the causal effect of the exposure on the outcome. In this paper, we consider causal mediation of a baseline exposure on a survival (or time-to-event) outcome, when the mediator is time-dependent. The challenge in this setting lies in that the event process takes places jointly with the mediator process; in particular, the length of the mediator history depends on the survival time. As a result, we argue …
A Targeted Confounder Selection Strategy For Propensity Score Estimation, Susan Gruber
A Targeted Confounder Selection Strategy For Propensity Score Estimation, Susan Gruber
Susan Gruber
These slides provide an introduction to data-adaptive propensity score estimation, and the collaborative targeted maximum likelihood estimator (C-TMLE) of van der Laan and Gruber. The notation has been greatly simplified, which makes the work accessible to a more general audience, but loses a little in the translation.
Methods For Evaluating Prediction Performance Of Biomarkers And Tests, Margaret S. Pepe Phd, Holly Janes Phd
Methods For Evaluating Prediction Performance Of Biomarkers And Tests, Margaret S. Pepe Phd, Holly Janes Phd
Margaret S Pepe PhD
This chapter describes and critiques methods for evaluating the performance of markers to predict risk of a current or future clinical outcome. We consider three criteria that are important for evaluating a risk model: calibration, benefit for decision making and accurate classification. We also describe and discuss a variety of summary measures in common use for quantifying predictive information such as the area under the ROC curve and R-squared. The roles and problems with recently proposed risk reclassification approaches are discussed in detail.
Asymptotic Theory For Cross-Validated Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation, Wenjing Zheng, Mark J. Van Der Laan
Asymptotic Theory For Cross-Validated Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation, Wenjing Zheng, Mark J. Van Der Laan
Wenjing Zheng
We consider a targeted maximum likelihood estimator of a path-wise differentiable parameter of the data generating distribution in a semi-parametric model based on observing n independent and identically distributed observations. The targeted maximum likelihood estimator (TMLE) uses V-fold sample splitting for the initial estimator in order to make the TMLE maximally robust in its bias reduction step. We prove a general theorem that states asymptotic efficiency (and thereby regularity) of the targeted maximum likelihood estimator when the initial estimator is consistent and a second order term converges to zero in probability at a rate faster than the square root of …
Semiparametric Analysis Of Recurrent Events: Artificial Censoring, Truncation, Pairwise Estimation And Inference, Debashis Ghosh
Semiparametric Analysis Of Recurrent Events: Artificial Censoring, Truncation, Pairwise Estimation And Inference, Debashis Ghosh
Debashis Ghosh
The analysis of recurrent failure time data from longitudinal studies can be complicated by the presence of dependent censoring. There has been a substantive literature that has developed based on an artificial censoring device. We explore in this article the connection between this class of methods with truncated data structures. In addition, a new procedure is developed for estimation and inference in a joint model for recurrent events and dependent censoring. Estimation proceeds using a mixed U-statistic based estimating function approach. New resampling-based methods for variance estimation and model checking are also described. The methods are illustrated by application to …