Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Elaia 2019, Stephen Case

ELAIA

DIRECTOR'S NOTE in Volume 2

Each fall, the Honors Program at Olivet Nazarene University admits a small number of academically gifted students into its freshman class. From the moment they set foot on our campus, these women and men join a community of scholars, and together they read, reflect upon, and discuss the most important ideas of the past and present—all within a Christian fellowship. The first two years of the program involve a series of Honors courses, taught by a team of faculty and modeled on the historic “old-time college,” where small class relationships, interdisciplinary discussion, and debate prevailed. …

One Story, Told Week By Week: Episodic Podcast Storytelling And The Habitat, Charlotte De Beauvoir

RadioDoc Review

The rise and success of podcasting introduced episodic storytelling in the world of non-fiction sound narrative. Delivering a story in different entries is very different from producing a one-off piece. What concrete implications does this have for the narrative? And what keeps an audience listening to a podcast, episode through episode? This article offers some answers to these questions via a case study of The Habitat, a 2018 podcast by the American network Gimlet.

Searching For Trends In Atmospheric Compositions Of Extrasolar Planets, Kassandra Weber, Paola Rodriguez Hidalgo, Adam Turk, Troy Maloney, Stephen Kane

IdeaFest: Interdisciplinary Journal of Creative Works and Research from Cal Poly Humboldt

No abstract provided.

Preparing A Database Of Extremely High Velocity Outflows In Quasars, Griffin Kowash, Carla P. Quintero, Sean S. Haas, Paola Rodriguez Hidalgo

IdeaFest: Interdisciplinary Journal of Creative Works and Research from Cal Poly Humboldt

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Methanol Masers In Star-Forming Regions, Nicolas Clarisse, Anuj P. Sarma

DePaul Discoveries

Methanol molecules in star-forming regions emit detectable microwave radiation. In particular, the rotational energy state transitions of methanol are responsible for two types of masers: Class I and Class II, found in the bipolar outflows and accretion disks of star-forming regions, respectively. Masers, being intense point-like sources in our sky, serve as an excellent source of information in further understanding the environment of high-mass star-forming regions due to their intense luminosities. High-mass star formation is still not entirely understood and remains an observational challenge. We have compiled a list of all the methanol maser transitions observed in the literature, in …

Hierarchical Structure Formation In The Sdss Eboss Ly-Alpha Forests, Devin Becker

DePaul Discoveries

In this study, we examine hierarchical structure at large redshifts utilizing Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Lyman-alpha forest data. Lyman-alpha forests are absorption lines in the spectrum of quasars that serve as tracers for clouds of primordial hydrogen. These data serve as a 1-dimensional probe of the matter density field at high redshift. Using a measure sensitive to hierarchical structure formation assembled around a discrete wavelet transform, we were able to detect hierarchical structure formation in the spectrum of every quasar studied. The nature of the hierarchy seems to pertain to two forms: one that is constant across all scales, …

Test Particle Motion Around Brany Black Hole Immersed In An External Asymptotically Uniform Magnetic Field, Djavlanbek Rayimbaev, Azamjon Rakhmatov, Satimbay Palvanov, Ahror Mamadjanov

Bulletin of National University of Uzbekistan: Mathematics and Natural Sciences

We investigate circular motion of charged and neutral particles around non-rotating black hole immersed in an external asymptotically uniform magnetic field. The effects of braneworlds on innermost circular stable orbits have been considered. Shown that innermost circular orbits (ISCO) decreases in decreasence of both brane charge and particle charge. Moreover, we have investigated energy extraction from black holes in braneworld through collision of two particles. Obtained that the presence of the brane charge parameter causes to decrease of the value of center of mass energy of colliding two charged particles, it means the brane charge acts as an additional gravity.

Haro 11, Pox 186, And Vcc 1313: The Enigmatic Behavior Of Hi Non-Emitters, Sarah H. Taft

Macalester Journal of Physics and Astronomy

We present neutral hydrogen (HI) observations from the Very Large Array (VLA) telescope of the galaxies Haro 11, Pox 186, and VCC 1313. 24 hours of deep spectral line observation at the 21 cm line were obtained from the program 17B-287 of Haro 11, the primary galaxy studied in this capstone, and 176 and 203 respective minutes of archival VLA data at the 21 cm line were obtained from the program AS0832 of Pox 186 and VCC 1313, the secondary and tertiary sources of study for this capstone. Haro 11 is one of a very small number of local dwarf …

Binary Neutron Star Merger Rates. Predictions From Observations Of Dwarf Galaxies And Observable Rates With Ground-Based Gravitational-Wave Detectors, Karen Perez Sarmiento

Macalester Journal of Physics and Astronomy

Binary Neutron Star (BNS) mergers are interesting events in the field of multi-messenger astronomy since they are sources of detectable gravitational wave signals and electromagnetic transients. Here I introduce a new method to calculate a conservative, lower-limit for the rate of BNS merger events that is proportional to the stellar mass and is based on evidence of an r-process event in the dwarf galaxy Reticulum II. Two estimates of the stellar mass in the nearby universe were made using a Schechter Mass Function and a modified version of the 2MASS Extended Source Catalog (2MASS XSC). The BNS merger event rates …

Uv Led System For Pl Measurements On Gan Samples, Dona H. Pantova

Macalester Journal of Physics and Astronomy

Gallium Nitride materials are direct bandgap semiconductors with important applications, such as in the production of light-emitting diodes and transistors. The process of photoluminescence, in which excited electron and holes emit electro-magnetic radiation when they recombine, can be used to study the structure and quality of Gallium Nitride materials. Due to the size of the bandgap in these materials (3.4eV), ultraviolet light is required to create electron-hole pairs in GaN. We designed and built a system, which uses ultraviolet light, to take measurements on GaN samples provided by a local company, Lightwave Photonics, who were interested in the quality of …

Investigation On The Electrical Properties Of Cdo/Zno Thin Films Using Thz Spectroscopy, Ramon Molina

Macalester Journal of Physics and Astronomy

In this work, we study the electrical properties of transparent conducting oxides using physical and optical techniques. The objective is to characterize the conductivity of a series of cadmium oxide zinc-oxide thin films with varying cadmium concentrations using three methods. The Hall Effect estimates carrier concentration, sheet conductivity, and carrier mobility. Optical methods, such as FTIR spectroscopy, can provide estimates of the plasma frequency, which describes a metal’s transition from being transparent to opaque to light. THz spectroscopy extracts the complex conductivity of materials in the far infrared spectrum and provides insights on the optical transport properties of conductors. Our …

Understanding Solar Activity During The Last 400 Years, Sam Q. Hollenbach

Macalester Journal of Physics and Astronomy

The solar cycle has a profound effect on both terrestrial and extra-terrestrial operations. Understanding the history of the solar cycle is necessary for studying long term trends, however older data is difficult to calibrate due to the sparsity of observations. In this paper we propose a new method for calibrating sunspot number data that does not rely on observational overlap. Initial testing shows promise in this method’s success, though more work must be done to ensure calibration consistency across all observers.

Recent Evolution Of The Eta Carinae Supernova Imposter System, Greta L. Helmel

Macalester Journal of Physics and Astronomy

The supernova imposter Eta Carinae and its surrounding Homunculus reflection nebula have been of great interest for the last several decades. As the most massive star known in our Galaxy, this object is of particular importance in understanding high mass loss episodes and final stages in the evolution of other similarly massive stars in the later stages of their lives. Observations using the STIS CCD Instrument have been taken over the past 20 years for both the central star and the Homunculus as part of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Treasury Program on Eta Carinae. Recent changes in …

The Neutral Hydrogen Kinematics Of The Dwarf Galaxy Merger Ngc 3239, Robert N. Ford

Macalester Journal of Physics and Astronomy

We present H I spectral line images of the nearby dwarf galaxy NGC 3239. The galaxy’s curious morphology suggests that it is a post-merger system. We propose that NGC 3239 is a merger because it has multiple tidal tails, an enhanced velocity dispersion throughout the disk, and widespread star formation. We have produced kinematic moment maps corresponding to the H I column density, radial velocity, and velocity dispersion. Further, position velocity (P-V) slices of the galaxy were taken and three-color images were made using the SDSS G, R, and I, filters for comparison with the moment maps. These slices illustrate …

Machine Learning Pipeline For Exoplanet Classification, George Clayton Sturrock, Brychan Manry, Sohail Rafiqi

SMU Data Science Review

Planet identification has typically been a tasked performed exclusively by teams of astronomers and astrophysicists using methods and tools accessible only to those with years of academic education and training. NASA’s Exoplanet Exploration program has introduced modern satellites capable of capturing a vast array of data regarding celestial objects of interest to assist with researching these objects. The availability of satellite data has opened up the task of planet identification to individuals capable of writing and interpreting machine learning models. In this study, several classification models and datasets are utilized to assign a probability of an observation being an exoplanet. …

Microgravity Experiments On Accretion In The Protoplanetary Disk, Addison Brown, Stephanie Jarmak

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

We present the results of an experimental investigation of low-energy collisions between cm-scale and smaller particles in the protoplanetary disk to better understand conditions conducive to the growth of planetesimals, the km-sized building blocks of planets. The COLLIDE (Collisions Into Dust Experiment) and PRIME (Physics of Regolith Impacts in Microgravity Experiment) programs involve cm-scale projectiles impacting a target bed of unconsolidated granular material in microgravity environments on Space Shuttle missions and parabolic airplane flights, respectively. In these experiments, a portion of the target material adhered onto the impactor in some lowvelocity impacts ( < 40 cm/s). Such impact speeds are too slow to study in a normal gravity environment (1 g, where g = 9.8 m/s² is the acceleration due to gravity …

Galactic Preservation And Beyond: A Framework For Protecting Cultural, Natural, And Scientific Heritage In Space, Matthew Rosendahl

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

In July 2017, Moon Express, a private spaceflight company, announced plans to build an outpost on the South Pole of the Moon by 2020. The goal? To mine the Moon for minerals and water that could then be sold for profit. Indeed, the Moon has been found to possess resources with lucrative uses, both in space and here on Earth. The potential for huge rewards has incentivized several private and governmental actors to launch planned expeditions to the Moon, with China becoming the third nation to land a spacecraft there in 2013. Both China and India have since announced plans …

Measurement Of Solar Spectral Irradiance And Surface Ozone At Carrollton, Georgia, Usa, During The Great American Eclipse On 21 August 2017, Kirthi Tennakone, L Ajith Desilva, Charles A. Zander*, Shea Rose, Austin B. Kerlin

Georgia Journal of Science

Measurements conducted at the University of West Georgia, Carrollton, Georgia, during the time of the solar eclipse of 21^st August 2017 demonstrated that the integrated spectral irradiance in defined wavelength ranges in the ultraviolet and visible calculated as a fraction of the total irradiance reached a minimum at maximum obscuration of the Sun, whereas in an infrared range it was maximum. The method of analysis adopted supports the view that the changes in spectral irradiance during highly obscured partial phases is a consequence of limb darkening. In a surface ozone measurement, a minimum in ozone concentration occurred 30 +_ …

Table Of Contents

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Cosmology, Craig W. Steele

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Satellite Maintenance: An Opportunity To Minimize The Kessler Effect, Bettina M. Mrusek Dr.

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Recently, there has been an emphasis on the growing problem of orbital debris. While the advantages of placing satellites into space are numerous, advances in satellite technology combined with the growth of the industry have resulted with a significant amount of debris in the orbits surrounding our planet. The harshness of the space environment has also contributed to the debris, as evidenced by the number of objects currently in orbit which are not operational. As the amount of debris grows, so too does the likelihood of collisions, ultimately culminating in the Kessler Effect. However, recent advances in propulsion, advanced navigation, …