Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Rooted In Hell: Simulating Phragmites Australis, Rachel Nydegger Rozum, Jacob Duncan, James Powell Ph.D.

Rachel Nydegger Rozum

Across the estuaries of the east coast and wetlands of the Great Lakes, the invasive grass Phragmites australis outcompetes other vegetation and destroys local ecosystems. Because its roots are tolerant to salinity that other plants find hellish, Phragmites invasions begin with vegetative spread of genetic clones in brackish marshlands.This plant can grow over three meters tall at densities of 50 stems/m2, provides poor wildlife habitat, and is very difficult to eradicate. A discrete life stage model on a yearly time step captures seed survivorship in a seed bank, sexual and asexual recruitment into a juvenile age class, and differential competition …

Structure And Study Of Elements In Ternary Γ-Semigroups, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, D. Madhusudhana Rao, M. Vasantha, M. Venkateswara Rao

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

In this paper we introduce the notion of a ternary Γ- semigroup is introduced and some examples are given. Further the terms commutative ternary Γ-semigroup, quasi commutative ternary Γ-semigroup, normal ternary Γ- semigroup, left pseudo commutative ternary Γ-semigroup, right pseudo commutative ternary Γ-semigroup are introduced and characterized them. In section 2, the terms; ternary Γ-subsemigroup, ternary Γ-subsemigroup generated by a subset, cyclic ternary Γ-subsemigroup of a ternary Γ-semigroup and cyclic ternary Γ-semigroup are introduced and characterized them In section 3, we discussed some special elements of a ternary Γ-semigroups and characterized them.

Structure And Study Of Elements In Ternary Γ-Semigroups, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, D. Madhusudhana Rao, M. Vasantha, M. Venkateswara Rao

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

In this paper we introduce the notion of a ternary Γ- semigroup is introduced and some examples are given. Further the terms commutative ternary Γ-semigroup, quasi commutative ternary Γ-semigroup, normal ternary Γ- semigroup, left pseudo commutative ternary Γ-semigroup, right pseudo commutative ternary Γ-semigroup are introduced and characterized them. In section 2, the terms; ternary Γ-subsemigroup, ternary Γ-subsemigroup generated by a subset, cyclic ternary Γ-subsemigroup of a ternary Γ-semigroup and cyclic ternary Γ-semigroup are introduced and characterized them In section 3, we discussed some special elements of a ternary Γ-semigroups and characterized them.

Optimal Control Of A Switched Autonomous System With Time Delay Arising In Fed-Batch Processes, Chongyang Liu

Chongyang Liu

In this paper, we propose a switched autonomous system with time delay to model the 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) production in a fed-batch process. Taking the switching instants and the terminal time as the control variables, we formulate a constrained time-delayed optimal control (CTOC) problem to optimize the 1,3-PD production process. Using a time-scaling transformation and parametrizing the switching instants into new parameters, an equivalent CTOC problem is investigated. A numerical solution method is then developed to seek the optimal control strategy. This method is based on the constraint transcription technique and the gradients of the cost functional together with those of …

Sufficient Condition For Complete Graphs And Hamiltonian Graphs, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, S.Venu Madava Sarma, T.V. Pradeep Kumar

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

In 1856, Hamiltonian introduced the Hamiltonian Graph where a Graph which is covered all the vertices without repetition and end with starting vertex. In this paper I would like to prove that every Complete Graph ‘G’ having n ≥ 5 vertices, such that n is odd. If for all pairs of nonadjacent vertices u, v one has du + dv ≥ n − 2, then G has a Hamiltonian path.

Belpatra (Aegel Marmelos) Bark Powder As An Adsorbent For The Color Removal Of Textile Dye “Torque Blue”, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Vandana Gupta, Anupam Agarwal, M. K. Singh

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Adsorption is used as a potential method for the removal of color (dye) from industrial waste water. In this paper an easily available low cost Belpatra (Aegel marmelos) bark powder was used as an adsorbent for the removal of textile dye Torque Blue. For the present work several experiments were conducted at different adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, dye concentration, particle size, and contact time in a batch adsorption mode. The experimental results revealed that maximum adsorption capacity of Belpatra bark powder on Torque blue dye was found to be 98% at an adsorbent dosage of 0.7gm in 100 ml dye …

Some Covariance Inequalities For Non-Monotonic Functions With Applications To Mean-Variance Indiference Curves And Bank Hedging, Martin Egozcue

Martin Egozcue

No abstract provided.

Fermat's Last Theorem Disproved Over 7 Times By James T. Struck 2014 And 2015 3 Disproofs 2014 And 4 Disproofs 2015, James T. Struck

James T Struck

Fermat's Last Theorem Disproved Over 7 Times By James T. STruck 2014 and 2015 3 Disproofs 2014 and 4 Disproofs 2015. 3 Disproofs from 2014 in other article. Petition for Gottingen and French Academy of Sciences Awards for Prize. Use of 2 N's not prohibited by Fermat so easy disproof using n=3 and n=4 2 third plus 2 third does equal 2 fourth. Disproof by non Exclusion by Fermat of 2 n's and other disproofs like 0's and infinity and 0's and 1's as integers.

Proof And Disproof At The Same Time-Beal Conjecture Case Study Proof 2015, Disproven 2015 And 2013 Beal Conjecture Disproven, James T. Struck

James T Struck

Beal Conjecture Case Study Proof 2015 and 2013 Beal Conjecture Disproven-Planet Number Different Based on Larger than Pluto Standard, Beal Disproven Based on Examples and 2015 Proof Based on Examples, 2015 Disproof Based on Disproof of If Statements Added

Disproving Conventional 9 Planet Concepts Our Solar System would have 15 planets using the Pluto Standard of Pluto's 2200 km diameter. Jupiter, Io, Europa, Callisto, Ganymede would be a Quintuple Planet or 5 planets, Saturn and Titan a Double Planet or 2 planets, Neptune and Triton also a Double Planet or 2 planets. By the way using Charon's 1200 km diameter …

On Combining Neighbouring Extremals With Control Parameterization, Chongyang Liu, Qun Lin, Ryan Loxton, Kok Lay Teo

Chongyang Liu

In this paper, we consider the neighbouring extremals for a class of optimal control problems with control constraints. We first solve the optimal control problem using control parameterization method to obtain the optimal open-loop control and the optimal reference state. Then, a neighbouring feedback control law is derived for small state perturbations caused by changes on reference state at switching times.

Nonlinear State-Dependent Impulsive System In Fed-Batch Culture And Its Optimal Control, Bangyu Shen, Xiaojing Wang, Chongyang Liu

Chongyang Liu

In this paper, a nonlinear impulsive controlled system, in which the volume of feeding is taken as the control function, is proposed to formulate the fed-batch fermentation process.In the system, both impulsive moments and jumps size of state are state-dependent. Some important properties of the system are investigated. To maximize the concentration of target product at the terminal time, an optimal control model involving the nonlinear state-dependent impulsive controlled system is presented.The optimal control problem is subject to the continuous state inequality constraint and the control constraint. The existence of optimal control is also obtained. In order to derive the …

Horizontal Well’S Path Planning: An Optimal Switching Control, Zhaohua Gong, Kok Lay Teo, Chongyang Liu, Enmin Feng

Chongyang Liu

In this paper, we consider a three-dimensional horizontal well’s path planning problem, where the well’s path evolves as a combination of several constant-curvature smooth turn segments. The problem is formulated as an optimal switching control problem subject to continuous state inequality constraints. By applying the time-scaling transformation and constraint transcription in conjunction with local smooth approximation technique, the optimal switching control problem is approximated by a sequence of optimal parameter selection problems with only box constraints, each of which is solvable by gradient-based optimization techniques. The optimal path planning problems of the wells Ci-16-Cp146 and Jin27 in Liaohe oil field …

An Optimal Threshold Strategy In The Two-Envelope Problem With Partial Information, Martin Egozcue, Luis Fuentes García

Martin Egozcue

No abstract provided.

Inżynieria Chemiczna Ćw., Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Wojciech Budzianowski

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Tematyka Prac Doktorskich, Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Wojciech Budzianowski

No abstract provided.