Rehabilitation and Therapy Commons^™

Dynamic Range Of Frontoparietal Functional Modulation Is Associated With Working Memory Capacity Limitations In Older Adults, Jonathan G. Hakun, Nathan F. Johnson

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Older adults tend to over-activate regions throughout frontoparietal cortices and exhibit a reduced range of functional modulation during WM task performance compared to younger adults. While recent evidence suggests that reduced functional modulation is associated with poorer task performance, it remains unclear whether reduced range of modulation is indicative of general WM capacity-limitations. In the current study, we examined whether the range of functional modulation observed over multiple levels of WM task difficulty (N-Back) predicts in-scanner task performance and out-of-scanner psychometric estimates of WM capacity. Within our sample (60–77 years of age), age was negatively associated with frontoparietal modulation range. …

Differential Requirement For Satellite Cells During Overload-Induced Muscle Hypertrophy In Growing Versus Mature Mice, Kevin A. Murach, Sarah H. White, Yuan Wen, Angel Ho, Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden, John J. Mccarthy, Charlotte A. Peterson

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background: Pax7+ satellite cells are required for skeletal muscle fiber growth during post-natal development in mice. Satellite cell-mediated myonuclear accretion also appears to persist into early adulthood. Given the important role of satellite cells during muscle development, we hypothesized that the necessity of satellite cells for adaptation to an imposed hypertrophic stimulus depends on maturational age.

Methods: Pax7^CreER-R26R^DTA mice were treated for 5 days with vehicle (satellite cell-replete, SC+) or tamoxifen (satellite cell-depleted, SC-) at 2 months (young) and 4 months (mature) of age. Following a 2-week washout, mice were subjected to sham surgery or 10 day …

Subcutaneous Neurotophin 4 Infusion Using Osmotic Pumps Or Direct Muscular Injection Enhances Aging Rat Laryngeal Muscles, Richard D. Andreatta, Joseph C. Stemple, Tanya S. Seward, Colleen A. Mcmullen

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Laryngeal dysfunction in the elderly is a major cause of disability, from voice disorders to dysphagia and loss of airway protective reflexes. Few, if any, therapies exist that target age-related laryngeal muscle dysfunction. Neurotrophins are involved in muscle innervation and differentiation of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). It is thought that neurotrophins enhance neuromuscular transmission by increasing neurotransmitter release. The neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) become smaller and less abundant in aging rat laryngeal muscles, with evidence of functional denervation. We explored the effects of NTF4 for future clinical use as a therapeutic to improve function in aging human laryngeal muscles. Here, we provide …

Toward A Research Agenda For Oncology Physical Therapy, Lucinda Pfalzer, Nicole L. Stout, Shana Harrington, Mary Insana Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Research Round-up: Cancer survivors frequently experience cancer treatment–related functional impairments and disability. While a growing body of evidence supports the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions for these individuals, there are significant gaps in the existing literature and no interdisciplinary agreement on the priorities for cancer rehabilitation research. In 2016, the Oncology Section revised its strategic plan and set an objective to create an oncology rehabilitation research agenda for the physical therapy (PT) profession. To achieve this goal, the scope of the agenda, a development and review process, and dissemination plan need to be developed.

Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Induced Recruitment Of Inflammatory Mononuclear Cells Leads To Inflammation And Altered Brain Development In Murine Cytomegalovirus-Infected Newborn Mice, Maria C. Seleme, Kate Kosmac, Stipan Jonjic, William J. Britt

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is a significant cause of abnormal neurodevelopment and long-term neurological sequelae in infants and children. Resident cell populations of the developing brain have been suggested to be more susceptible to virus-induced cytopathology, a pathway thought to contribute to the clinical outcomes following intrauterine HCMV infection. However, recent findings in a newborn mouse model of the infection in the developing brain have indicated that elevated levels of proinflammatory mediators leading to mononuclear cell activation and recruitment could underlie the abnormal neurodevelopment. In this study, we demonstrate that treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-neutralizing …