Women's Health Commons^™

Retroperitoneal Hematoma As An Atypical Presentation Of Choriocarcinoma: A Case Report, Truce Pham, Danica Lapid, Kathleen M Schmeler, J Alejandro Rauh-Hain, Mateo G Leon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A 38-year-old female with an etonogestrel implant in place and history of previous ectopic pregnancy presented with acute abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. She was found to have a beta-hCG of >12,000 mIU/mL and free fluid noted on a focused assessment with sonography in trauma exam. She underwent an emergent diagnostic laparoscopy due to the suspicion of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Findings at the time of surgery included a normal-appearing uterus and left fallopian tube, a surgically absent right fallopian tube and large volume hemoperitoneum with a rapidly expanding left retroperitoneal hematoma. A postoperative computerized tomography (CT) angiogram suggested active …

The Lifecourse Perspective Theory As A Strategy For Improving Maternal Mortality In Georgia, Joanne Chopak-Foss, Alisha Riggins

Georgia Public Health Association Annual Meeting & Conference

Background: Maternal mortality and morbidity outcomes in Georgia are among the highest in the United States, with women of color experiencing higher rates of morbidity and mortality compared to their White counterparts. Public health policies such as Medicaid expansion have been suggested as one method for improving maternal mortality. In addition, the Life Course Perspective or Theory approach to maternal and child health suggests a complex interplay of biological, behavioral, psychological and social protective factors contributes to health outcomes across the span of a person’s life.

Methods: Using the Lifecourse Theory Perspective/Theory along with current maternal health policies the presenters …

The Expected Risks And Exacerbations Of Poverty, Mental Health Disorders, And Maternal Mortality From Abortion Bans: A Comparative Literature Analysis, Daniel J. Francisco

All Master's Theses

Background. Early termination of a pregnancy (hereinafter referred to as an “abortion”) has been debated in the United States (U.S.) for decades, without much regard to the negative outcomes that forced pregnancies have for those assigned female at birth regarding poverty, mental health and maternal mortality. In 1973, access to safe abortions was protected so long that the procedure was done within the legal gestational period and/or was necessary for the health and safety of the patient (Blackmun, 1972). Unfortunately, in 2022, the Supreme Court took that protection away and made it legal for states to determine the reproductive rights …

Abortion Decisions As Humanizing Acts: The Application Of Ambivalent Sexism And Objectification To Women-Centered Anti-Abortion Rhetoric, Rachel L. Dyer, Olivia R. Checkalski, Sarah Gervais

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Women-centered anti-abortion rhetoric, grounded in ostensibly positive beliefs that pregnant people are precious objects who must be protected from having abortions, has proliferated anti-abortion activism and legislation. However, abortion stigma, marked by negative perceptions of people who terminate pregnancies, is the most widely used theoretical tool for understanding the social and psychological implications of abortion. In this article, we first integrate these two seemingly contradictory perspectives on abortion through the lens of ambivalent sexism theory. We then argue that ambivalent sexism paves the way for objectifying perceptions and treatment of pregnant people; specifically, our typology of reproductive objectification provides a …

Pregnancy And Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Fetal Jeopardy And Windows Of Opportunity, Ankia Coetzee, David R Hall, Eduard J Langenegger, Mari Van De Vyver, Magda Conradie

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during pregnancy poses significant risks to both the mother and fetus, with an increased risk of fetal demise. Although more prevalent in women with Type I diabetes (T1D); those with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can also develop DKA. A lack of information about DKA during pregnancy exists worldwide, including in South Africa.

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the characteristics and outcomes associated with DKA during pregnancy.

METHODS: The study took place between 1 April 2020 and 1 October 2022. Pregnant women with DKA, admitted to Tygerberg Hospital's Obstetric Critical Care Unit (OCCU) …

Exosomal Lipid Biomarkers Of Oligodendrocyte Pathology To Predict Scoliosis In Children With Cerebral Palsy, Nune Darbinian, Emily C Sparks, Armine Darbinyan, Nana Merabova, Tamara Tatevosian-Geller, Katie Calaku, Sarah Bachman, Huaqing Zhao, Shohreh Amini, Laura Goetzl, Solomon P Samuel, Amer Samdani, Michael E Selzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral Palsy (CP), the most common cause of disability in children, is phenotypically heterogeneous. Approximately 20% of cases develop severe scoliosis. A pathological hallmark of CP is periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), which is due to dysmyelination, suggesting the possibility of a lipidomic abnormality. Risk factors for CP include perinatal hypoxia, prematurity, multiple gestation, ischemia, infection, and maternal alcohol consumption. There is evidence for low serum levels of omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids in CP patients, and separately in idiopathic scoliosis. Many effects of free fatty acids (FFAs) are mediated via specific G protein-coupled free fatty acid receptors (FFARs), which play essential …

Maternal Blood Lipid Biomarkers Of Oligodendrocyte Pathology To Predict Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, Nune Darbinian, Emily C Sparks, Armine Darbinyan, Nana Merabova, Gabriel Tatevosian, Ekaterina Vadachkoria, Huaqing Zhao, Shohreh Amini, Laura Goetzl, Michael E Selzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Up to 9.9% of children have fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), the most frequent cause of intellectual disability in the US. FASD may involve abnormal brain development, including dysmyelination, suggesting abnormal development of oligodendrocytes (OLs), which make myelin and are rich in lipids. Indeed, low serum levels of omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3) have been reported in FASD. Free fatty acids bind to specific receptors (FFARs). We have isolated cell type-specific fetal brain-derived exosomes (FB-E) from maternal blood and sampled their contents to search for lipid-related biomarkers that predict FASD.

METHODS: Blood samples were collected from two groups of pregnant …

Dna Release From Plant Tissue Using Focused Ultrasound Extraction (Fuse), Alexia Stettinius, Hal Holmes, Qian Zhang, Isabelle Mehochko, Misa Winters, Ruby Hutchison, Adam Maxwell, Jason Holliday, Eli Vlaisavljevich

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PREMISE: Sample preparation in genomics is a critical step that is often overlooked in molecular workflows and impacts the success of downstream genetic applications. This study explores the use of a recently developed focused ultrasound extraction (FUSE) technique to enable the rapid release of DNA from plant tissues for genetic analysis.

METHODS: FUSE generates a dense acoustic cavitation bubble cloud that pulverizes targeted tissue into acellular debris. This technique was applied to leaf samples of American chestnut (

RESULTS: We observed that FUSE can extract high quantities of DNA in 9-15 min, compared to the 30 min required for control …

Association Between Giving Birth During The Early Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Pandemic And Serious Maternal Morbidity, Torri D Metz, Rebecca G Clifton, Brenna L Hughes, Grecio J Sandoval, William A Grobman, George R Saade, Tracy A Manuck, Monica Longo, Amber Sowles, Kelly Clark, Hyagriv N Simhan, Dwight J Rouse, Hector Mendez-Figueroa, Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, Jennifer L Bailit, Maged M Costantine, Harish M Sehdev, Alan T N Tita, George A Macones

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether delivering during the early the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was associated with increased risk of maternal death or serious morbidity from common obstetric complications compared with a historical control period.

METHODS: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study with manual medical-record abstraction performed by centrally trained and certified research personnel at 17 U.S. hospitals. Individuals who gave birth on randomly selected dates in 2019 (before the pandemic) and 2020 (during the pandemic) were compared. Hospital, health care system, and community risk-mitigation strategies for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in response to the early …

Population-Based Linked Longitudinal Surveillance Of Pregnant People And Their Infants: A Critical Resource For Emerging, Re-Emerging, And Persistent Threats, Van T Tong, Kate R Woodworth, Erin Blau, Neha Shinde, Amanda Akosa, Suzanne M Gilboa, Dana Meaney-Delman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Public health emergencies, from Zika to COVID-19, have underscored the importance of addressing the needs of pregnant people and their infants. Recent events have underlined the critical role of mother-infant-linked longitudinal surveillance to characterize and assess the impacts of emerging, re-emerging, and persistent threats, including infectious diseases, on these populations. In partnership with state, local, and territorial health departments, CDC's National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities activated the Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network (SET-NET) to capture information about pregnant people with laboratory-confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) and their infants. SET-NET …

Medical Providers' Use Of Maternal Mental Health Screening Tools During Prenatal Appointments In Southeast Georgia, Andreka Ewing

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

In the United States, maternal mental health disorders are the most common comorbidities experienced during pregnancy and after childbirth. In particular, the state of Georgia reports that 1 in 7 Georgian mothers experience depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorders, or psychosis related to these disorders. Research suggests that untreated maternal mental health can have adverse effects on the mother and unborn child. Conditions such as autism, mixed handedness, reduced cognitive ability, and affective disorders can develop while the child is in the womb of a depressed mother. Routine maternal mental health screening using a validated screening tool has been recommended to help …

Exploring Prenatal Care In A Rural Appalachian State: A Project Watch Study Of Barriers And Facilitators In All Births From May 2018 To March 2022, Madelin Gardner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Introduction: PNC is essential in protecting the health of birthing person and infant. Teenage and advanced maternal age (AMA) birthing persons are known risk factors for poor birth outcomes. However, less is known about whether these age groups are associated with inadequate PNC. Births to teenagers continue to be of concern in rural areas however, little is known about the association between inadequate PNC and poor infant outcomes in teenage populations. Previous studies have determined that greater risk of inadequate PNC has been linked to more rural areas compared to more urban areas. WV is the third most rural state …

In Utero Ethanol Exposure Induces Mitochondrial Dna Damage And Inhibits Mtdna Repair In Developing Brain, Nune Darbinian, Armine Darbinyan, Nana Merabova, Myrna Kassem, Gabriel Tatevosian, Shohreh Amini, Laura Goetzl, Michael E Selzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction

Mitochondrial dysfunction is postulated to be a central event in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). People with the most severe form of FASD, fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) are estimated to live only 34 years (95% confidence interval, 31 to 37 years), and adults who were born with any form of FASD often develop early aging. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage, hallmarks of aging, are postulated central events in FASD. Ethanol (EtOH) can cause mtDNA damage, consequent increased oxidative stress, and changes in the mtDNA repair protein 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1). Studies of molecular mechanisms are limited by …

Relationships Among Pregnancy, Substance Use, Social Determinants Of Health And Assessment, Referral, And Utilization Of Treatment: A Secondary Analysis Of Nsduh Data, Heather Lynn Coddington

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

ABSTRACT

Relationships Among Pregnancy, Substance Use, Social Determinants of Health and Assessment, Referral, and Utilization of Treatment: A Secondary Analysis of NSDUH Data

Heather Coddington

Background: Assessment and referral for substance use disorder during pregnancy is crucial to improving outcomes for mothers and newborns during the antepartum and postpartum period. Healthcare professionals are essential during the entirety of the pregnancy during each trimester to provide effective communication when assessing for substance use early and throughout each trimester of pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between assessment, referral, and utilization of treatment …

Exploring Disparities In Prenatal Smoking And The Role Of Adverse Childhood Experiences, Patricia Da Rosa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cigarette smoking is the most common cause of premature death, killing half of its users. During pregnancy, smoking continues to be the leading cause of premature death for both mothers and newborns. Research has consistently demonstrated smoking is not randomly distributed across populations; it is, instead, socially patterned. Women from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, those experiencing mental health issues, and rural area residents are disproportionately affected. The life course framework emphasizes the impact of exposures in early life on shaping health inequities. Eliminating health inequities, including risky behaviors such as smoking, requires an understanding of the pathways that generate these inequities. …

Gambaran Tingkat Kecukupan Energi Dan Tingkat Kecukupan Protein Ibu Hamil Di Kota Malang, Rany Ekawati, Windi Chusniah Rahmawati, Farah Paramita, Dini Elita Berliana, Alfinadelasari Putri Fariadi

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnant women is still a nutritional problem in Indonesia. CED in pregnant women is caused by low energy and protein intake in pregnant women. The low energy and protein intake in pregnant women can cause disturbances in pregnancy and the baby in the womb. This research objective is to provide an overview of the level of energy and protein adequacy of pregnant women in the city of Malang. This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study was 64 pregnant women. The variables of energy adequacy and protein adequacy …

Pertussis And Influenza Immunization: Perceived Attitude And Decision Of Postpartum Patients, Nutan B Hebballi, Tayler Parker, Elisa I Garcia, Dalya M Ferguson, Susan Lesser, Kuojen Tsao, Maryam Broussard, Susan H Wootton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Vaccination of pregnant patients with tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) and influenza vaccine during influenza season can reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality; nevertheless, vaccination rates remain suboptimal in this patient population. To investigate the effect of a brief educational counseling session on maternal Tdap and influenza vaccination and determine factors influencing women's decision in regards to receiving Tdap and or influenza vaccine during their pregnancy.

METHODS: A face-to-face semi-structured cross-sectional survey was administered to postpartum patients on their anticipated day of discharge (June 11-August 21, 2018). A brief educational counseling session about maternal …

Molecular Markers In Maternal Blood Exosomes Allow Early Detection Of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, Nune Darbinian, Armine Darbinyan, John Sinard, Gabriel Tatevosian, Nana Merabova, Faith D'Amico, Tarek Khader, Ahsun Bajwa, Diana Martirosyan, Alina K Gawlinski, Richa Pursnani, Huaqing Zhao, Shohreh Amini, Mary Morrison, Laura Goetzl, Michael E Selzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Prenatal alcohol exposure can cause developmental abnormalities (fetal alcohol spectrum disorders; FASD), including small eyes, face and brain, and neurobehavioral deficits. These cannot be detected early in pregnancy with available imaging techniques. Early diagnosis could facilitate development of therapeutic interventions. Banked human fetal brains and eyes at 9−22 weeks’ gestation were paired with maternal blood samples, analyzed for morphometry, protein, and RNA expression, and apoptotic signaling. Alcohol (EtOH)-exposed (maternal self-report) fetuses were compared with unexposed controls matched for fetal age, sex, and maternal race. Fetal brain-derived exosomes (FB-E) were isolated from maternal blood and analyzed for protein, RNA, and apoptotic …

Fetal Brain Tumors, A Challenge In Prenatal Diagnosis, Counselling, And Therapy, Ivonne Alexandra Bedei, Thierry A G M Huisman, William Whitehead, Roland Axt-Fliedner, Michael Belfort, Magdalena Sanz Cortes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Fetal brain tumors are a rare entity with an overall guarded prognosis. About 10% of congenital brain tumors are diagnosed during fetal life. They differ from the postnatally encountered pediatric brain tumors with respect to location and tumor type. Fetal brain tumors can be benign or malignant and infiltrate or displace adjacent brain structures. Due to their high mitotic rate, they can show rapid growth. Outcome depends on age of diagnosis, size, and histological tumor type. Findings like polyhydramnios and macrocephaly encountered on routine ultrasound are frequently associated. Detailed prenatal anomaly scan and subsequent fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may …

Postpartum Depression For Mothers With Early Fetal Death Or Stillbirths, Callie Goldman

Symposium of Student Scholars

Background: Many times, prevention of early fetus death and stillbirths is possible; however, some mortality events are spontaneous or unavoidable. While existing research reveals the likelihood of postpartum depression for mothers following birth, few studies address the potential for postpartum depression of mothers of stillbirth or demised fetuses. The purpose of this study is to determine how mothers can be better prepared for the hardship of losing a baby during childbirth, while going through common difficulties, such as postpartum depression, following birth. Methods: A mixed method approach will be conducted to gather qualitative (interview) and quantitative (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale …

Community Access To Primary Care Is An Important Geographic Disparity Among Ovarian Cancer Patients Undergoing Cytoreductive Surgery, Abigail S Zamorano, Angela L Mazul, Christine Marx, Mary M Mullen, Molly Greenwade, L Stewart Massad, Carolyn K Mccourt, Andrea R Hagemann, Premal H Thaker, Katherine C Fuh, Matthew A Powell, David G Mutch, Dineo Khabele, Lindsay M Kuroki

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Given the importance of understanding neighborhood context and geographic access to care on individual health outcomes, we sought to investigate the association of community primary care (PC) access on postoperative outcomes and survival in ovarian cancer patients.

METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of Stage III-IV ovarian cancer patients who underwent surgery at a single academic, tertiary care hospital between 2012 and 2015. PC access was determined using a Health Resources and Services Administration designation. Outcomes included 30-day surgical and medical complications, extended hospital stay, ICU admission, hospital readmission, progression-free and overall survival. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared analyses …

An Optimized Cell-Based Assay To Assess Influenza Virus Replication By Measuring Neuraminidase Activity And Its Applications For Virological Surveillance, Mira C Patel, Daniel Flanigan, Chenchen Feng, Anton Chesnokov, Ha T Nguyen, Anwar Abd Elal, John Steel, Rebecca J Kondor, David E Wentworth, Larisa V Gubareva, Vasiliy P Mishin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Year-round virological characterization of circulating epidemic influenza viruses is conducted worldwide to detect the emergence of viruses that may escape pre-existing immunity or acquire resistance to antivirals. High throughput phenotypic assays are needed to complement the sequence-based analysis of circulating viruses and improve pandemic preparedness. The recent entry of a polymerase inhibitor, baloxavir, into the global market further highlighted this need. Here, we optimized a cell-based assay that considerably streamlines antiviral and antigenic testing by replacing lengthy immunostaining and imaging procedures used in current assay with measuring the enzymatic activity of nascent neuraminidase (NA) molecules expressed on the surface of …

Lack Of Consensus Among Healthcare Professionals At A Large Academic Medical Center On The Use Of Exome Sequencing For Prenatal Diagnosis, Kylie Johnson, Hadi Erfani, Mohamad Ali Maktabi, Ignatia Van Den Veyver, Salma Nassef

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Prenatal exome sequencing (ES) is increasingly used for prenatal diagnosis because emerging data indicate it has incremental diagnostic benefit in pregnancies with fetal anomalies without identified genetic abnormalities by karyotyping and chromosomal microarray analysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the medical community's attitude toward the clinical utility and use of exome sequencing for prenatal diagnosis and to address differences in attitudes and responses by type of practitioner, level of training, and years passed since last full-time training. We analyzed the answers of 109 trainees and professionals in the fields of genetic counseling, laboratory science, and medicine to …

A Mixed Methods Assessment Of Menstrual Hygiene Management And School Attendance Among Schoolgirls In Edo State, Nigeria., Madeline Tomlinson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Menstrual hygiene in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited and has been linked to many health, educational and social effects. However, the prevalence, details, and impact of menstrual hygiene management have not been well characterized in rural and peri-urban settings across Nigeria. The overall purpose of this research was to investigate menstrual hygiene management (MHM) among adolescent schoolgirls in peri-urban areas of Edo State, Nigeria; and to determine the educational consequences associated with poor MHM. MHM was measured using previously validated questions that were adapted after a formative assessment of MHM within the Edo State community. We used a mixed methods …

Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices (Kap) Towards Covid-19 Pandemic Among Pregnant Women In A Tertiary Hospital In Karachi, Pakistan, Sumaira Naz, Syeda Dur E Shawar, Shamila Saleem, Ayesha Malik, Amir Raza

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the pregnant population during the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. KAP towards COVID-19 was assessed using 21-item questionnaires. A score for each category was calculated and points were summed. The outcome variables of KAP were compared with demographic characteristics. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 19.
Results: A total of 377 patients participated in the study. The majority of the patients were multiparous (36.8%) in the age group of …

An Ai-Driven Clinical Care Pathway To Reduce 30-Day Readmission For Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd) Patients, Lin Wang, Guihua Li, Chika F Ezeana, Richard Ogunti, Mamta Puppala, Tiancheng He, Xiaohui Yu, Solomon S Y Wong, Zheng Yin, Aaron W Roberts, Aryan Nezamabadi, Pingyi Xu, Adaani Frost, Robert E Jackson, Stephen T C Wong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Healthcare regulatory agencies have mandated a reduction in 30-day hospital readmission rates and have targeted COPD as a major contributor to 30-day readmissions. We aimed to develop and validate a simple tool deploying an artificial neural network (ANN) for early identification of COPD patients with high readmission risk. Using COPD patient data from eight hospitals within a large urban hospital system, four variables were identified, weighted and validated. These included the number of in-patient admissions in the previous 6 months, the number of medications administered on the first day, insurance status, and the Rothman Index on hospital day one. An …

Psychometric Properties Of The Sindhi Version Of The Mood And Feelings Questionnaire (Mfq) In A Sample Of Early Adolescents Living In Rural Pakistan, Janavi Shetty, Florence Perquier, Susan C. Campisi, Yaqub Wasan, Madison Aitken, Daphne J. Korczak, Suneeta Monga, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Peter Szatmari, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

There is a need for reliable and valid screening tools that assess depressive symptoms in adolescents in Pakistan. To address this need, the present study examined the psychometric properties and factor structure of a Sindhi-translated and adapted version of the child-report Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ-C) and the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ-C) in a community sample of adolescents living in Matiari, Pakistan. Questionnaires were translated into Sindhi and administered by study psychologists to 1350 participants (52.3% female) 9.0 to 15.9 years old. Measurement structure was examined using confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency was estimated, and convergent and divergent …

Pregnancy Outcomes Of Patients With Ultrasound-Indicated And History-Indicated Mcdonald Cervical Cerclage, Zaibunnisa Memon, Naureen Anjum, Zahra Hoodbhoy

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Objective: To assess pregnancy outcomes of patients with ultrasound-indicated and history-indicated McDonald cervical cerclage.
Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study of pregnant women who had cervical cerclage performed at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karimabad campus. We obtained Institutional Review Board approval and reviewed the medical records of patients. A purposive continuous sampling technique was used. A total of 88 patients were included. There were no exclusion criteria. Outcome data were collected from the medical record of patients from January 2010 to December 2016.
Results: Analysis reported a statistically significant lower gravidity and parity in the scan-indicated group as …

Effect Of Dexamethasone On Newborn Survival At Different Administration-To-Birth Intervals: A Secondary Analysis Of The Who Action (Antenatal Corticosteroids For Improving Outcomes In Preterm Newborn)-I Trial, Who Action Trials Collaborators, Olufemi T. Oladapo, Joshua P. Vogel, Gilda Piaggio, My Huong Nguyen, Fernando Althabe, Rajiv Bahl, Suman P. N. Rao, Shabina Ariff, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Lumaan Sheikh

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: The WHO ACTION-I trial demonstrated that dexamethasone significantly reduced neonatal mortality when administered to women at risk of early preterm birth in low-resource countries. We conducted a secondary analysis to determine how these benefits can be optimised, by evaluating the effect of dexamethasone compared to placebo on newborn mortality and severe respiratory distress outcomes at different administration-to-birth intervals, and identifying the interval with the greatest benefits.
Methods: The WHO ACTION-I trial was a multi-country, individually-randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. It was conducted in 29 hospitals across Bangladesh, India, Kenya, Nigeria, and Pakistan. Women with a viable singleton or multiple …

The Reading Profiles Of Late Elementary English Learners With And Without Dyslexia, Pia Tohme, Rudy Abi-Habib, Elma Nassar, Nouran Hamed, Gaël Abou-Ghannam, Gihad E Chalouhi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 stress and anxiety on prenatal attachment during the second trimester of gestation. Pregnancy is an important stage for mothers-to-be in creating representations of themselves as a "mother", with the developing attachment relationship to the unborn child considered as a milestone in the future parent's developmental trajectory. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the national health measures installed can hence have consequences on these representations and on prenatal attachment. Our sample consisted of 95 mothers that were recruited from a prenatal ultrasound screening center. Results suggested that the COVID-19 pandemic …