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Full-Text Articles in Public Health Education and Promotion

Lived Experiences Of African American Women Coping With Breast Cancer In Rural Northeastern North Carolina, Denise Germaine Belle Jan 2021

Lived Experiences Of African American Women Coping With Breast Cancer In Rural Northeastern North Carolina, Denise Germaine Belle

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This qualitative study examined the phenomenology of breast cancer among seven African American female participants who reside in rural, medically underserved communities in Northeastern North Carolina. The aim of this descriptive study was to explore the answers to the overarching question of how African American women with breast cancer self-manage the emotional, physical, financial, and social issues associated with the diagnosis and treatment. The transactional model of stress and coping provided the theoretical framework for examining the role of social reinforcements, beliefs, attitudes, and intentions on the health behavior of African American women with breast cancer in some rural, resource-stricken …


Exploring Ethnic And New Orleans Cultural Influences On Health Behaviors Of African American Women, Keneitra Brown-Mayfield Jan 2021

Exploring Ethnic And New Orleans Cultural Influences On Health Behaviors Of African American Women, Keneitra Brown-Mayfield

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In the United States (U.S.), African American women suffer disproportionately due to obesity and chronic diseases. Many studies have examined the culture of African Americans and its influence on their health behaviors in order to gain knowledge to inform obesity and chronic disease prevention interventions. However, a geographical segment of the U.S. African American population shares a unique culture that had yet to be studied. This qualitative study used in-depth interviews to understand the perceptions of overweight and obese African American women living in the Greater New Orleans region about their culture’s role in the prevalence of obesity and obesity-related …


Melanoma Cancer Survivors: An Online Community Perspective And Prevention Effort, Lisa Marie Chung Jan 2021

Melanoma Cancer Survivors: An Online Community Perspective And Prevention Effort, Lisa Marie Chung

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractMelanoma cancer is a major public health issue and has been associated with tanning and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Minimal information is known about prevention efforts specific to survivors of melanoma cancer who participate in an online community. Surveys of this community differ from previous research of individuals through nononline research; the online community is more likely to be younger in age, comfortable seeking health information using Internet resources, and more advanced in technological capabilities. The main aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the impact of age, gender, and race on melanoma prevention efforts (health maintenance and skin …


Exploring Barriers To Care: Provider Efforts To Improve Retention In Urban-Rural Clusters, Kenyata M. Fletcher Jan 2021

Exploring Barriers To Care: Provider Efforts To Improve Retention In Urban-Rural Clusters, Kenyata M. Fletcher

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractOver the years, the infection rates for HIV in the United States has changed partly due to lack of engagement and medication adherence which can lead to substantial declines in individual health. Factors that contribute to the individual’s adherence can include transportation cost, childcare, and lack of finances to name a few. These barriers can often be decreased with the help of supportive service providers and improvement in the patient-provider relationship. Currently, there is limited research that explores how to reduce patient barriers to care, specifically in rural areas. This qualitative study examines how Illinois health care providers help HIV-positive …


Social Support, Substance Use, And Mental Health Services Utilization Among African Americans, Thomas Symche Bendu Jan 2021

Social Support, Substance Use, And Mental Health Services Utilization Among African Americans, Thomas Symche Bendu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Mental illness is more prevalent among African Americans than their Non-Hispanic White counterparts; however, this population is less inclined to receive behavioral treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between perceived social support, substance use, and gender with mental health care services utilization among African Americans. The social ecological model and social support theory grounded this study. The research design was a quantitative cross-sectional analysis of the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey. The sample consisted of 486,3030 African American adults that represented the U.S. population using weighted estimates. The overall logistic regression models for the …


Experiences Of Married, First-Time Pregnant Adolescents When Seeking Care In Kano State, Yashua Alkali Hamza Jan 2021

Experiences Of Married, First-Time Pregnant Adolescents When Seeking Care In Kano State, Yashua Alkali Hamza

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Kano State in Northern Nigeria has very high maternal mortality rates. Early marriage and early pregnancies between 15 to 18 years of age are two of the most significant factors in the high maternal mortality rates in Kano State. This phenomenological qualitative research study focused on young first-time mothers’ experiences of seeking care between the ages of 15 and 18. The study’s theoretical framework was the feminist theory of intersectionality. Colaizzi’s seven-step method was the means used for data analysis. This study found that young adolescent first-time pregnant women in Kano City faced significant barriers at home and in health …


Nurse Perspectives Of Trauma-Informed Care, Lee Ann Blazejewski Jan 2021

Nurse Perspectives Of Trauma-Informed Care, Lee Ann Blazejewski

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is growing interest in trauma-informed nursing methods to better respond to the needs of patients with histories of adverse childhood experiences and other traumatic events. Recent advances in the understanding of how trauma can negatively affect long-term health outcomes have fostered a shift towards trauma-informed care as a method to decrease patient retraumatization in nursing practice. With the implementation of trauma-informed care in many areas of healthcare and public health, several challenges have been exposed. The purpose of this study was to examine nurses’ lived experience of implementing trauma-informed care into nursing practice for the care of patients with …


Comparison Of The Therapeutic Efficacy Of Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatments, Kacy Smith Davis Jan 2021

Comparison Of The Therapeutic Efficacy Of Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatments, Kacy Smith Davis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition that causes chronic joint pain and destruction. The current standard regimen of monotherapy disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) treatments may not be as effective as that of combination therapy of a DMARD and a biologic agent in treating RA. The purpose of this study was to answer the question, is there a difference in the therapeutic efficacy of combination DMARD treatments with a biologic, compared to monotherapy DMARDs without a biologic, in U.S. Caucasian women between the ages of 30 and 60 that have been diagnosed with RA? Guided by the theoretical framework …


Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus Risk Factors Among African Immigrants 20 – 45 Years Old Residing In The United States, Abu Bakar Sidique Fofanah Jan 2021

Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus Risk Factors Among African Immigrants 20 – 45 Years Old Residing In The United States, Abu Bakar Sidique Fofanah

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is highly prevalent among African Americans. Africans born abroad are a subset of the African American population in the U.S., but few studies have been conducted on this population, a gap this study aims to close. The incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes continue to rise among this population. This study explored type 2 diabetes risk factors among Africans born abroad who were 20-45 years old in the U.S. This was a retrospective and quantitative cross-sectional study involving National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014 type 2 diabetes data. The total sample size was …


Psychosocial Factors And Physical Health In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients, Olulana Bamiro Jan 2021

Psychosocial Factors And Physical Health In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients, Olulana Bamiro

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The research problem identified was poor physical health in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The problem is important because poor physical health yields unsuccessful aging. The current research aimed to identify psychosocial factors that improve self-evaluated physical health in the study population as a proxy to overall health; the research questions helped identify these factors. The first research question assessed the association between health locus of control and self-evaluated physical health. The second research question evaluated the association between family support and self-evaluated physical health. A final research question assessed the association between health locus of control, …


Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Readmissions And Mortality In Veterans Administration Hospitals, Carolyne S. Davis Jan 2021

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Readmissions And Mortality In Veterans Administration Hospitals, Carolyne S. Davis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractRates for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have continued to increase, resulting in readmission tracking by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid for community hospitals and Veterans Health Administration (VHA) hospitals. By using the Andersen healthcare utilization model as the theoretical framework, the purpose of this quantitative correlational research was to examine differences in 4,879 COPD readmission and mortality rates in VHA hospitals for the four Veteran Administration (VA) regional districts—Northeast, Southeast, Continental, and Pacific—as well as and between rural and urban VA hospitals. Secondary data was acquired from an open website through the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. …


Healthcare Access For Elderly African American Type 2 Diabetics On Medicare, William Alexander Floyd Jan 2021

Healthcare Access For Elderly African American Type 2 Diabetics On Medicare, William Alexander Floyd

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractPrior research has shown that African Americans have less access to healthcare than do White Americans. The study’s purpose was to determine the association between race/ethnicity and quality care measures in a population of Medicare recipients with Type 2 diabetes, aged 65 75 years and over. Covariates predicted satisfaction with doctor care, compassionate doctor care, and indifferent doctor care using Andersen’s health behavior theory. The Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) sample consisted of 1,716 people with Type 2 diabetes, with most (76.6%) being non-Hispanic Whites, and the remainder non-Hispanic Blacks (10.8%) and Hispanics (12.6%). Race/ethnicity were associated with quality-of-care measures …


Association Between Modifiable Risk Factors And Stroke Among Hispanics, Shanice Williams Jan 2021

Association Between Modifiable Risk Factors And Stroke Among Hispanics, Shanice Williams

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Stroke is a significant public health issue that impacts the health of Hispanic adults. Understanding the multiple risk factors of stroke is an essential strategy to control the disease among this population. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between modifiable risk factors and stroke among Hispanics. The public health prevention framework guided this study. The research questions were designed to determine whether an association exists between modifiable risk factors for stroke among Hispanics. A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was used to conduct secondary analysis of the pooled 2017–2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System annual surveys. The …


Nutrition Practices And Obesity Standards Among Obese, African American Women, Martina Peterson Jan 2021

Nutrition Practices And Obesity Standards Among Obese, African American Women, Martina Peterson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity in the United States has been labeled a national pandemic. Obesity occurs across all populations, regardless of age, sex, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, education level, or geographical region; however, it has disproportionately affected African American women. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to gain an understanding of African American women’s behaviors that are preventing them from conforming to nutrition and obesity standards of the body mass index (BMI) guidelines. The targeted population for this study was 10 obese or morbidly obese African American women, ages 30 to 45. The data were collected using telephone interviews due to the …


Factors That Determine The Place Of Childbirth In Lagos State, Nigeria, Ohiemi Emmanuel Adegbe Jan 2021

Factors That Determine The Place Of Childbirth In Lagos State, Nigeria, Ohiemi Emmanuel Adegbe

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractNigeria is among the 10 countries in the world with the worst maternal mortality. Though most of these deaths can be prevented using antenatal care (ANC) and having institutional deliveries, in Nigeria, ANC attendance and institutional delivery are suboptimal. Research is lacking on the reasons for the disparity between the use of antenatal services compared to deliveries at health centers. The aim of this study was to determine the associations between sociodemographic, obstetric, and health service factors and the place of delivery used by pregnant women in predominantly urban, cosmopolitan Lagos, Nigeria. Because both service delivery and demand factor categories …


The Determinants Of Endometrial Cancer Survival Disparities In The United States, Evelyn Anegbe Jan 2021

The Determinants Of Endometrial Cancer Survival Disparities In The United States, Evelyn Anegbe

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer in the United States with recent trends showing a continued increase in incidence and mortality. Prognosis is influenced by cancer stage at diagnosis and differs by race/ethnicity. Researchers have documented poorer survival among Blacks than Whites diagnosed with endometrial cancer. The 5-year survival rates for women with endometrial cancer is 81%; while survival for White and Black women are 84% and 62%, respectively. There is a gap in literature examining the widening disparity in incidence and survival of women diagnosed with advanced stage disease among population subgroups across the United States. The …


Type 2 Diabetes And Pesticide Exposure Among U.S. Hispanic Migrant Farmworkers, Judith Faustin-Gabriel Jan 2021

Type 2 Diabetes And Pesticide Exposure Among U.S. Hispanic Migrant Farmworkers, Judith Faustin-Gabriel

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractHispanic migrant farmworkers provide indispensable services to the United States, yet they are low-paid, uninsured employees working in extremely hazardous conditions. Public health and other healthcare professionals have worked to address the impact of pesticide exposure in the Hispanic migrant population. Although pesticides have been associated with various chronic diseases, limited evidence and studies have established an association between pesticide exposure and Diabetes Type 2 (DT2) among Hispanic migrant farmworkers. Guided by fundamental causes theory, this study addressed whether there is a relationship between agricultural pesticide exposure and DT2 among Hispanic migrant farmworkers in the United States who participated in …


Understanding Resilience Among Individuals With Adverse Childhood Experiences (Aces), Meghan Larson Jan 2021

Understanding Resilience Among Individuals With Adverse Childhood Experiences (Aces), Meghan Larson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), such as abuse, neglect, and dysfunction in a child’s home are considered a public health crisis due to their correlation to health disparities and psychosocial problems in adulthood such as substance use, relationships, education, and maintaining employment. However, some individuals are resilient and demonstrate the ability to adapt and function well despite experiencing adverse events. To better understand resilience when ACEs are present, I conducted a basic qualitative research study to explore the lived experiences of individuals in Tennessee with elevated ACE and resilience scores. A purposeful sample of 12 participants who scored high on ratings …


Determinants Of Fruit And Vegetable Consumption For Adults In The Panhandle Of Nebraska, Erin Marie Norman Jan 2021

Determinants Of Fruit And Vegetable Consumption For Adults In The Panhandle Of Nebraska, Erin Marie Norman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Low fruit and vegetable (F/V) consumption has been documented and is associated with increased risk of chronic disease. Previous studies have revealed that consuming the recommended servings of F/V per day can be influenced by many determinants including healthy eating self-efficacy, cooking confidence, perceived family support, perceived access, perceived quality, and perceived cost of fruits and vegetables. The purpose of this study was to examine these determinants of F/V consumption at the individual level of the socioecological model for adults ages 18 years and older residing in the panhandle of Nebraska. The socioecological model (SEM) provided the theoretical framework for …


Racial Disparities In Hypertension Self-Awareness And Hospitalizations For Hypertension-Related Illnesses Among Adult Arkansans, Chimfumnanya Nwanze-Smith Jan 2021

Racial Disparities In Hypertension Self-Awareness And Hospitalizations For Hypertension-Related Illnesses Among Adult Arkansans, Chimfumnanya Nwanze-Smith

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Black individuals in the United States are twice as likely as White individuals to die of cardiovascular diseases. Between 2010 and 2016 in Arkansas (AR), hypertension (HTN) and HTN-related diseases had an age-adjusted death rate of 230.4 deaths per 100,000 population compared to 173.6 deaths per 100,000 population for Whites. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to explore the potential association between HTN self-awareness and emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalization rates for HTN and HTN-related illnesses between Black and White individuals in AR. The socioecological framework was used to explore sociodemographic (SDF) and socioeconomic (SES) factors as …


Emergency Encounters: A Cross Sectional Study Of A Rural Emergency Room, Selynto Rodrecca Anderson Jan 2021

Emergency Encounters: A Cross Sectional Study Of A Rural Emergency Room, Selynto Rodrecca Anderson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

It is very difficult for certain populations to obtain access to healthcare within the United States, particularly in rural areas. Typically, individuals who live in rural areas are far less healthy than those who live in more urbanized areas. Although there have been some improvements made to ensure there is adequate health care for all, barriers still exist. A few examples of these barriers are socioeconomic status, education, and job status. In this study, adult patients from a rural Southeastern hospital were surveyed via those who came to the emergency room seeking care, and via those who came to the …


Subclinical Stress On Obesity Among Obese African American Women, Dr. Nosakhare Osasu Idehen Jan 2021

Subclinical Stress On Obesity Among Obese African American Women, Dr. Nosakhare Osasu Idehen

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractObesity is a complex disease linked to genetics, health behaviors, upstream social determinants of health, and psychosocial stress. Obesity-related chronic diseases and opportunity cost significantly impact individuals and communities. Current prevention policies focus on diet and exercise without demonstrating the benefits of stress coping strategies in obesity management. Subclinical racial minority and gender stress heighten hypervigilance, psychological overload, poor stress coping strategies, inflammation, and obesity. Subclinical stress varies with race and gender, and it is higher in African American (AA) women. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the lived experience of subclinical racial minority and gender stress …


Effect Of Insecticide-Treated Nets On Anemia In Nigerian Children, Adamu Onu Jan 2021

Effect Of Insecticide-Treated Nets On Anemia In Nigerian Children, Adamu Onu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Childhood anemia is a significant public health problem in Nigeria and frequently coexists with malaria. The mortality associated with malaria increases when anemia is present. Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are a cheap and effective malaria preventive measure that can provide a protective barrier from insects. There are conflicting results from several studies on the effect of ITNs on anemia in children, with fewer studies on the effect of ITNs on anemia in Nigerian children. This study aimed to measure the effect of ITN use on anemia among children aged 6–59 months in Nigeria. The social ecological model was used as the …


Perceptions Of Caregivers Of Parkinson's Patients Regarding Using Advance Directives, Meghan Morgan Jan 2021

Perceptions Of Caregivers Of Parkinson's Patients Regarding Using Advance Directives, Meghan Morgan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The increasing focus on end-of-life (EOL) care is influencing the role of advance directive (AD) documents. Difficult conversations among family caregivers and their loved ones are becoming more and more critical. Considering the value of communicating EOL wishes, family caregivers’ perceptions about ADs for their loved ones with Parkinson’s disease (PD) must be examined. Using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) as a foundation, the purpose of this generic qualitative study was to understand family caregivers of PD patients and their perceptions and experiences relating to AD documents. This study involved using purposeful sampling and semi-structured interviews with 11 family …


Age-Of-Consent Policies And Hiv Among Adolescents In Sub-Sahara Africa, Suzanne Marie King Jan 2021

Age-Of-Consent Policies And Hiv Among Adolescents In Sub-Sahara Africa, Suzanne Marie King

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Age of consent policies have recently been identified as a barrier to HIV testing among adolescents in HIV endemic Sub-Sahara Africa. Grounded in the modified social ecological model, the purpose of this study was to determine if these policies were related to HIV testing rates and prevalence. In this quantitative research secondary data sets from the Demographic Health Survey were used. This study included all sexually active respondents aged 18 years or below (N=37,015) and then was further limited by respondents that had HIV test results (N=25,107). Binary logistic regression showed that respondents with lower age of consent had higher …


Examination Of The Efficacy Of The Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act To Reduce High School Childhood Obesity Rates System, Catrina Lashawn Morgan Jan 2021

Examination Of The Efficacy Of The Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act To Reduce High School Childhood Obesity Rates System, Catrina Lashawn Morgan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The rapid rise in U.S. high school student obesity rates to 20.8% in 2018 presented significant risks to the health and well-being of American children and foreshadowed increased future healthcare costs. To address high school obesity, Congress passed the Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act (HHFKA) in 2010 that mandated the U.S. Department of Agriculture develop regulations to nutrition to improve the nutrition of school cafeteria breakfasts and lunches. The purpose of this quantitative study was to test for changes between 2009 and 2016 in high school obesity rates attributable to the HHFKA using Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System data, adjusted for …


Parental Education As A Potential Predictor Of Adolescent Substance Use Status, Haruna Bida Aliyu Jan 2021

Parental Education As A Potential Predictor Of Adolescent Substance Use Status, Haruna Bida Aliyu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractAdolescents in the United States commence substance use as early as 12 to 14 years old and as late as 15 to 17 years old. Several factors influence adolescent substance use/abuse status, including environment, boredom, friends, teachers, and parental influence. The influence of parental communication with adolescents about the danger of substance use/abuse (SUA) required further study. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to understand the influence of parental knowledge and communication with adolescents as potential predictors of substance use/abuse status. The social cognitive theory and social determinants of adolescent risky behavior provided the theoretical framework of this …


Understanding How Religious Practices Influence Self-Care In Black Churchgoers Diagnosed With Hypertension, Taquina C. Davis Jan 2021

Understanding How Religious Practices Influence Self-Care In Black Churchgoers Diagnosed With Hypertension, Taquina C. Davis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Religion plays an essential role in managing health; however, there is limited research on religious practices among Black churchgoers diagnosed with hypertension. This research aims to understand how religious practices influence self-care in Black churchgoers diagnosed with hypertension. The sample consisted of 21 Black men and women, ages 29 to 70 years, with a clinical diagnosis of hypertension. Participants were recruited from two local, predominately Black churches in South Carolina and administered semistructured interviews to participants. A grounded theory design was used, and the data analysis consisted of constant comparison. Two core concepts were identified. One core concept identified was …


How Did We Learn About Sex? —— Sex Education And Sexual Health In Chinese Youth, Yujuan Liu Jan 2021

How Did We Learn About Sex? —— Sex Education And Sexual Health In Chinese Youth, Yujuan Liu

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Attitudes toward sexuality among Chinese youth have become more liberal in recent generations, but sex education remains controversial and limited. Due to the lack of awareness of sexual risks, many Chinese youth engage in unprotected sexual activities resulting in unintended pregnancy, abortions, and STIs. Therefore, understanding successful pathways and unique challenges are crucial to develop adequate sex education for youth’s sexual health in China. The current study used semi-structured in-depth interviews and investigated 28 Chinese youths’ experiences of sex education and sexual health. The results mapped out youth’s sex education experiences by age and sources and demonstrated the impacts of …


Validity Of A Four-Item Household Water Insecurity Experiences Scale For Assessing Water Issues Related To Health And Well-Being, Sera L. Young, Joshua D. Miller, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Godfred O. Boateng, Zeina Jamaluddine, Torsten B. Neilands Jan 2021

Validity Of A Four-Item Household Water Insecurity Experiences Scale For Assessing Water Issues Related To Health And Well-Being, Sera L. Young, Joshua D. Miller, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Godfred O. Boateng, Zeina Jamaluddine, Torsten B. Neilands

Faculty Publications

We sought to determine whether a shortened version of the 12-item Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale, which measures water insecurity equivalently in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), is valid for broad use. Using data from 9,261 households in 25 LMICs, subsets of candidate items were evaluated on their predictive accuracy, criterion validity, and sensitivity-specificity. A subset with items assessing "worry," "changing plans," "limited drinking water," and "inability to wash hands" because of problems with water (range: 0-12) were highly correlated with full HWISE Scale scores (correlation coefficient: 0.949-0.980) and introduced minimal additional error (root mean square error: 2.13-2.68). Criterion …