Public Health Education and Promotion Commons^™

Factors Associated With The Uptake Of Hiv Testing Among African American Male College Students, Brittney Sade Washington-Ball,Drph

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

HIV testing rates are much lower among African American male college students than male college students of other racial groups. Routine HIV testing on college campuses can decrease HIV rates among African Americans and increase students' awareness of their HIV status. This study was an investigation of factors associated with HIV testing among a sample of 140 African American male college students. The health belief model guided the research study and served as the theoretical framework to examine the influence of factors such as the location of testing, STD status, number of sexual partners, insurance coverage, health information, and alcohol …

Adverse Childhood Experiences And Hiv Risk Behaviors Among Transgender Populations, Linda Baggio

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have a negative impact on health and have created a social challenge in managing HIV risk behavior in the transgender population. The aim of this study was to determine the association between ACEs and HIV risk behavior among the transgender population and identify the association between ACE score (1, 2, 3, 4, or more) and HIV risk behavior among the transgender population. This involved a quantitative methodology using a Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) questionnaire to obtain data from 323 transgender participants. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between ACEs and HIV …

Perceived Barriers To Health Care Access And Delivery Among Arkansas Medicaid Beneficiaries, Kimbra D. Butler

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Arkansas has historically been one of the lowest ranking states in the United States in education, economy, opportunity, crime and corrections, and health care. Though more than 3 million Arkansans live in the state, nearly 1 million receive Medicaid-funded health insurance. This phenomenological study employed a constructivist paradigm and focused on the perceptions of underserved Arkansans regarding their health and their access to health care; additionally, within this study, the Health Belief Model shifted the study’s focus to individuals’ perspectives, perceptions, experiences, and opinions through interview responses. The research was intended to identify factors that may relate to the higher …

Child Sexual Abuse And Its Effects On A Young Adult Relationship With A Sexual Partner, Friends, And Community, Miriam Cires

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractIn the United States, child sexual abuse is a significant public health issue, but society lacks awareness and its consequences. Therefore, little is known about the influence of sociodemographic factors on a sexually abused child and the quality of relationships as a young adult. A quantitative cross-sectional study based on the social-ecological model was carried out to assess whether the presence of sexual abuse, age of abuse, frequency of abuse, abusive kindship, race, and sex predict in a sexually abused child inappropriate relationships as a young adult. Logistic regression analyses were conducted using secondary data collected from 1300 children and …

Effective Management Of Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii In A Military Treatment Facility, Jozy Merizier Smarth

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In the United States, 34 million people have diabetes and 79 million have prediabetes. Currently, one in nine Americans are diagnosed with diabetes and it is projected that one in five will have diabetes by 2025 and one in three by 2050. The practice-focused question answered by this project addressed the question if implementing a staff education program improved staff’s knowledge about self-management education and intent for providers and staff to promote a formal diabetes self-management education (DSME) program in an overseas military treatment facility. The site has 47% of empaneled beneficiaries with diabetes mellitus Type II with an elevated …

California’S Urban And Rural Asthma Healthcare Access And Asthma Management During Covid-19 Pandemic, Stacey R. Varga

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

A lack of adequate healthcare access can negatively affect asthma management. The purpose of this study was to understand whether there was an association between source of care and asthma management. This study provides important insights concerning the changing landscape of how individuals receive asthma treatment and manage their asthma during a pandemic. Asthma management and asthma care have been studied; however, results have been inconclusive in relation to the barriers to health that are experienced among various adult age groups. Identifying additional subgroup characteristics could provide insight into where health practitioners, practice management, and policymakers direct healthcare resources. The …

Educating Nursing Staff On Clostridioides Difficle Infection Bundle Use, Amber Lee Winkis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a local, national, and global issue impacting patient outcomes and healthcare organizations. CDI is costly to treat, painful, and at times deadly. Given an increase in CDI over the past year at the project site, the current gap in practice is the nonadherence of nursing staff to using a CDI bundle. This project addresses that gap. The practice-focused question targeted at nursing staff (N = 18) on an adult medical-surgical unit in an acute care hospital and asks whether education on use of a CDI bundle would result in a knowledge gain about the importance …

Let My People Go:Improving Nurses’ Knowledge To Decrease Physical Restraint Use, Trisha Marie Zehrung

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Despite extensive research revealing the dangers of physical restraint use, it remains a common practice in critical care settings across the globe. Nurses stand at the forefront of clinical decision-making regarding the use of physical restraints but are doing so with a lack of education and evidence-based practices. The project addresses whether an evidence-based educational program regarding the use of physical restraints and alternative measures is an acceptable method for intensive care unit (ICU) nurse education according to six local subject matter experts (SMEs). The project’s purpose was to create an educational program outlining physical restraint evidence and alternative measures …

Lifestyle Modifications To Reduce Hypertension In Obese Patients: A Clinical Practice Guideline, Tiffany Lynn Oates

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In the United States, obesity affects almost 50% of the population with estimates of 60–70% of hypertension in adults attributable to adiposity. The practice gap addressed in this project is a lack of standardized patient education on lifestyle modifications aimed at reducing hypertension in the obese patient, which is the recommended first line of treatment for these patients. The practice focused questions were answered when evidence from the literature supported the implementation of a clinical practice guideline developed from evidence-based literature focused on patient education about lifestyle modification as the initial treatment for the reduction of hypertension in the obese …

Children's Body Mass Index Before And After Covid-19 Related Childcare Center Closures, Ericka L. Peterson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Prolonged childcare center closures due to COVID-19 restrictions have changed children’s health-related behaviors that may result in an increased risk in childhood obesity. Grounded in the social ecological model, the purpose of this study was to examine the differences in body mass index (BMI), physical activity, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and screen time among preschool aged children enrolled in the Merced County Office of Education Head Start program before and after COVID-19 related Head Start center closures. A quantitative, longitudinal study design using secondary data from ChildPlus was used. The paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to …

Treatment Outcomes And Associated Factors In Tb/Hiv-Coinfected Patients In Namibia, Esland Shilongo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractHIV and TB have merged into a deadly co-epidemic in Namibia. Currently, though, TB and HIV data at the national, regional, and district level might be underreported and insufficient to understand the full burden and outcome rates of TB and HIV. Targeting the TB outcomes rate among TB/HIV-coinfected individuals is an effective strategy for decreasing future TB burden and furthering the gains in the control of both diseases. The objective of this study was: to assess the outcomes of patients registered for anti-TB treatment in //Karas Region which has the largests burden of TB in Namibia. A 5-year retrospective cohort …

Nursing Staff Education On The Use Of The American Diabetes Association Guidelines, Terrie Hattie Allen

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a complex chronic condition that requires continuous care and management. Approximately 34 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes and around 90%–95% suffer from Type 2 diabetes. The problem identified in this project was the need to follow the American Diabetes Association guidelines in place at the study site clinic but are not adhered to by the staff. Framed within the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation model of instructional design, the purpose of this project was to plan, implement, and evaluate a nursing staff education program on the use of the American Diabetes Association Guidelines for diabetes. …

Alternative Diet Practices As Predictors For Vaccine Confidence, Nancy Dolin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Perceived risks and side effects have left some with a lack of confidence in the safety and efficacy of vaccines. This may lead to not adhering to the recommended vaccination schedule and result in outbreaks that have the potential to harm those who are unable to get vaccinated due to age or infirmity. It is vital to seek and address the characteristics that may predict one’s confidence in vaccines. The aim of this study was to identify whether an individual’s alternative diet behavior may be able to predict their confidence in the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. The theoretical …

The Outcome Of Stroke Education And Management On Cerebrovascular Accident Patients In Bermuda, Antoinette Simone Dyer

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractIncidence of cardiovascular accident (CVA), also referred to as a stroke, has increased in Bermuda. Understanding key contributing factors is necessary to reduce incidences that are associated with this disease process. This dissertation examined the outcome of stroke education and management on CVA patients in Bermuda. The health belief model, incorporating a reflection of the public health framework, guided the analysis of a quantitative dataset obtained through Bermuda Hospitals Board’s Neurology Department. A cross-sectional study design was used to sample 253 stroke patients over a 2-year period (2019 -2021). The Wilcox test was employed to compare two groups – stroke …

Length Of Stay In A Homeless Shelter And Mitigating Homelessness, Uwemedimo S. Etteyit

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractHomelessness is a major public health issue in the United States. Every night, thousands of people have no residence to call their own. Most homeless persons turn to homeless shelters for help. Despite the homeless shelters, the problem of homelessness persists. This study examined the concept that the length of time spent at a homeless shelter is related to the homeless persons mitigating their homelessness through home placement, jobs, and healthcare access. Homelessness was examined using the socioecological model with its attendant levels of influence. On the intrapersonal level, socioeconomic status, education, old age, veteran status, and disability were factors. …

Assessing Violence And Mental Health With The 2019 Nevada Youth Risk Behavioral Survey, Samantha Graham

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The effects from childhood trauma can interfere in all aspects of a child’s life, including their education. School delivery systems need to be trained to identify these risks and how to reduce further risks of re-traumatization by applying trauma-informed practices. This study addressed the impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on mental health and behavioral issues. The study was guided by Bandura’s social cognitive theory and the socioecological model. The correlation between ACEs and mental health as well as ACEs and physical violence were examined based on data from the 2019 Nevada Youth Risk Behavioral Survey, which was a high …

The Impact Of Staff Sexual Misconduct On U.S. Federal Prison Inmates’ Mental And Physical Health, Wanwisa Grover

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Prison staff sexual misconduct is an ongoing issue in the United States, but little is known about how inmates’ perceptions of staff sexual misconduct influence their mental and physical health. The purpose of this quantitative research study was to examine the relationship between staff sexual misconduct with federal prison inmates and prisoner mental health and rates of injury, and why inmates are not reporting sexual misconduct encounters. Ecological theory provided the theoretical foundation. The three research questions were designed to examine the relationships between nonconsensual sexual misconduct of prison inmates with prison staff and (a) serious mental health illnesses and …

Health-Related Quality Of Life For Veterans Transitioned Into Civilian Life, Vicki Ann Guerra

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Texas veterans transitioning to civilian life have experienced health issues after discharge. There are processes to follow before seeking treatment or diagnosis for any health issue prior to military discharge. Given the gaps in the literature on veteran health, quality of life and transition to civilian life, scholars lack understanding of the transitional events that take place. Veteran health issues are impacted by medical appointment wait-times, day to day life events, and this can lead to decreased quality of life. The purpose of this mixed-methods study (N=36) was to evaluate veterans’ health related quality of life who had transitioned from …

The Double Burden Of Intra-Household Malnutrition Among Mother–Child Dyads In South Africa, Puveshni Crozier

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Household-level double burden of malnutrition (HL-DBM) challenges traditional South African vertical malnutrition programs. Research has associated a household with an overweight/obese mother of reproductive age and her under 5-year-old child with signs of undernutrition (wasting, stunting, or thinness) with socioeconomic levels, maternal characteristics, features of the household, and child’s demographics. Grounded in the social determinants of health conceptual framework, this study aimed to investigate the determinants of HL-DBM in South Africa across the reproductive-child health continuum. Using the representative 2017 Wave 5 South African National Income Dynamics Study survey secondary data, a total sample of 314 homes met this non-experimental …

Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviour Among Children And Adolescents With Intellectual Disabilities During The Covid-19 Lockdown In China, Y. Q. Yuan, J. N. Ding, N. Bi, M. J. Wang, S. C. Zhou, X. L. Wang, S. H. Zhang, Y. Liu, G. Roswal

Research, Publications & Creative Work

Background: In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, preliminary research has reported a significant decline in physical activity (PA) and an increase in sedentary behaviour (SB) among typically developed children and adolescents. Limited research has looked at the current situation of PA and SB during this pandemic among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID). This study investigated the situations about PA and SB among school-aged children and adolescents with ID on China’s mainland during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods: In total, 837 parents of children and adolescents (ages 6–18 years) with ID from 15 special education schools of Shandong Province …

Improving Egypt’S Access To Vaccines And Medicines: Communication During Covid-19 / تحسين إتاحة الوصول إلى اللقاحات والأدوية في مصر: سياسة توعية الجمهور خلال أزمة فيروس كورونا, Alaa Abdel-Rahman, Sarah Attef, Helen Gabrah, Reem El-Sayed, Sarah El-Lithy

Papers, Posters, and Presentations

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Egyptian government has been following protocol as best as possible when it comes to responding to the needs of the health and economic sectors amid difficult times. From lockdown measures to the WHO’s recommended practices in terms of isolation of cases and treatments, Egypt has been lauded as one of the fastest and most effective countries in terms of COVID-19 emergency response. Authorities have implemented several awareness campaigns directed at citizens to inform them about the pandemic, how to prevent infection, what to do if infected and how to act accordingly. Authorities …

A Novel Approach To Reducing Adiposity Among Young Men, Jean M. Reading

Theses and Dissertations

Background

Lifestyle intervention is the first line treatment for obesity. Yet, young men are underrepresented in lifestyle interventions, which is posited to be the result of unmet needs and overall low concern for weight management. The aims of this dissertation are to:

Papers 1 and 2: Test the preliminary efficacy, feasibility, and acceptability of a self-guided lifestyle intervention for young men.

Paper 3: Explore the behavioral and physiological factors associated with changes in adiposity among young men and women enrolled in a more intensive lifestyle intervention.

Results

Papers 1 and 2: The self-guided intervention produced modest weight …

Pharmacists' Role In Opioid Use Disorder And Overdose Prevention And Treatment And Their Attitudes And Perceptions Towards Distributing Naloxone Under A Standing Order, Stephen C. Ijioma

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Opioids are a class of drugs that bind to opioid receptors (mu, delta, and kappa), located in the central and peripheral nervous systems, to exert responses such as analgesia, respiratory depression, euphoria, and miosis. The opioid epidemic is characterized in large part by an increase in opioid overdose deaths. Community pharmacists are one of the most accessible healthcare professionals who frequently interact with patients and can implement OUD and opioid overdose prevention strategies. Treatment for opioid overdose and OUD include naloxone for overdose deaths as well as medication-assisted treatment for OUD.

Objective: The specific aims of this thesis include …

A Quasi-Experimental Correlational Study Of Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior Of Nutrition Paraprofessionals Receiving An Online Nutrition Education Training. A Framework For Training Nutrition Paraprofessionals In Northwest Georgia Wic, Cicely Clarisse Thomas

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Background In 1998, Georgia Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) adopted the Florida Department of Public Health WIC Nutrition Training Guide. The purpose of adopting the course was to use it as a resource to properly educate and train nutrition paraprofessionals to conduct low risk education to Georgia WIC participants.¹ The Georgia WIC policy requires that each nutrition paraprofessional complete the approved nutrition training prior to educating WIC participants. The current resource for training nutrition paraprofessionals in Georgia WIC is outdated. Last updated in 2007, the formal training no longer accurately trains paraprofessional staff to …

Clinicians Experience Using The Family As A Unit Of Treatment For Black Hiv-Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men, Steffen Gillom

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

The present study examines the experiences of five licensed clinicians as they attempted to integrate the family as a unit of treatment into the treatment of Black HIV-positive men who have sex with men (BHPMSM). A single 90-minute focus group study using an interpretive phenomenological approach (IPA) was conducted with five clinicians from diverse backgrounds. The results of the study show that clinicians attempting to integrate the family into the treatment of BHPMSM shared common experiences in the areas of building community through encouraging client self-determination, navigating religion, navigating HIV stigma, feelings of incompetence, and feelings of gratification after successful …

Footwear Characteristics: Effects On Dynamic Balance In The Young And Elderly, Joseph Wallace

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Older adults suffer from an increased risk of falling, and falls make up a substantial percentage of injuries and mortality rates in elderly populations. Falls also burden health and long-term care infrastructure and can limit individual independence and overall functioning due to fear of falling. Footwear and orthotic interventions have previously been shown to affect balance in both young and older adult populations and may provide a potential avenue for improving balance and combatting fall rates. Footwear and orthotic interventions are relatively easily implemented, however there is a lack of consistency among current footwear and orthotic literature as well as …

Bridging The Gaps: Exploring Factors Associated With Goal Achievement Within An Accountable Care Organization Care Coordination Program, Jessica L. Polk

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Background: Healthcare cost in the U.S. has been increasing at an unsustainable rate due to the growing population diagnosed with multiple chronic conditions and a fragmented healthcare system. The high-risk patient population includes persons who over utilize the healthcare system with frequent avoidable hospitalizations, emergency room visits, and exacerbations of their chronic conditions. This high-risk population makes up five percent of the U.S. but accounts for over fifty percent of all healthcare spending. Care coordination models have emerged to focus proactive health interventions for the highest-risk patient populations to reduce overutilization and empower patients to improve long-term health. Evidence has …

“Someone You Love” Documentary: Using Narratives In Entertainment Media To Increase Hpv Vaccination In Georgia, Gabrielle C. Darville- Sanders, Jann Macinnes, Kelsey Schwarz

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Although HPV is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States, vaccination rates are still lagging among adolescents and young adults. Entertainment-education is a popular strategy for incorporating educational messages into entertainment media. With popular shows on television now integrating health messages into their narrative, there are more opportunities to influence knowledge, attitude and health behaviors. Objective: To (a) determine the effectiveness of the HPV narrative included in the “Someone You love” documentary on HPV risk perception, vaccine self-efficacy and behavioral intention for HPV vaccine uptake on college students and (b) assess the immediate impact of the …

Consumer Reactions To Alcohol Advertising Health Warnings In Ireland: An Experimental Research Study, Vania Filipova

Doctoral

Introduction and Aims As part of several measures to inform consumers about the health risks of alcohol and reduce alcohol consumption, the Irish Government signed into law the Public Health (Alcohol) Act 2018, with Section 13 requiring the implementation of multiple health warnings in all alcohol ads. While health warnings on product labels have been subject to intensive political discussion and academic research, health warnings in alcohol ads have received little attention and empirical support. This doctoral dissertation investigates whether health warnings in alcohol ads can promote cognitive and affective reactions in consumers. Furthermore, this thesis also examines whether the …

Racial/Ethnic Variations In Alcohol And Cigarette Use By Pregnancy Status Among 20- To 44-Year-Old Women, Nhanes 2001–2018, Jacqueline M Hirth, Catherine Valadez, Sandra Gonzalez, Alicia Kowalchuk, Judith A Gutierrez, Roger Zoorob

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: This study examines alcohol consumption and smoking behaviors by pregnancy status and race/ethnicity in order to inform improved interventions designed to assist women of all races to avoid alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy for their health and to prevent potential fetal exposure.

METHODS: This retrospective secondary data analysis utilized nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data between 2001 and 2018. Smoking and alcohol use were evaluated by race/ethnicity and pregnancy risk. Sexual behavior, reproductive health, and prescription drug use determined pregnancy risk, categorized as low pregnancy risk, at risk of becoming pregnant, and pregnant. Binary and …