Public Health Education and Promotion Commons^™

Physical Activity: A Comparison Of Rural And Urban Older Adults' Needs And Preferences, Annette Contrady, Sarah L. Francis, Elgloria Harrison, Doris Montgomery, Catherine Rudolph, Lillie Monroe-Lord, Phd, Rdn, Ld, Elmira Asongwed, Anne Marie Jean Baptiste, Tiffany Johnson-Largent Phd Rdn Ld, B. Michelle Harris, Tia D. Jeffery, Pier Broadnax

Journal of Extension

Physical activity (PA) rates among older adults are low. We examined and compared the PA needs, preferences, and practices of 118 rural- and urban-residing older adults through focus groups and surveys. The sample was diverse (White = 42.4%, Black = 37.3%), mostly female, food-secure, and not meeting PA recommendations (38.1%). PA rates were lower for rural-residing older adults (p < 0.05). PA motivators were health benefits and socialization, while barriers were cost, pain, low motivation, and health limitations. Preferred PA programs were described as age-appropriate, expert-led, and group-based. These findings provide insight regarding what to consider when planning PA programming for community-residing older adults.

Case Title: Uncovering The Truth: The Unexpected Incidental Discovery Of Metastatic Carcinoid Tumor In An Elderly Patient., Kavitha Chittaragi Dr, Shwetha R. Poojary Dr

Radiology Teaching Files

Carcinoid tumors are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms with varied clinical presentations. We report a case of a 70-year-old female patient who presented with history of loose stools, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Imaging revealed a small hyper-enhancing nodule in the small bowel, multiple liver lesions, and a mesenteric mass, all suggestive of metastatic carcinoid disease. Biopsy confirmed a neuroendocrine tumor. As these tumors can remain indolent for years, early detection and treatment are critical for effective management and better prognosis.

Expanding Healthcare Access For The Undocumented Immigrant Community: The Heal For Immigrant Families Act Of 2023, Perla Torres Estrada

The Gettysburg Journal for Public Policy

When it comes to the topic of universal healthcare, most of us will readily agree that healthcare is a human right. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of who should be granted this right, and if it should be left to the free market to determine access and affordability. Specifically, the political debate on expanding healthcare access to undocumented immigrants in the United States revolve around concerns over costs, legality, and equity. Proponents maintain that it is a human right whereas opponents question the potential burden on taxpayers and the implication for immigration policy. The HEAL …

The Burden Of Diabetes Mellitus In The Medically Underserved Rio Grande Valley, John M. Gaddis, Elias Arellano, Kassandra Pulido, Tyler Torres, Dominic Chau-Zanetti, Natasha Quailes, Andres Suarez Parraga

Research Colloquium

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) encompasses metabolic disorders characterized by elevated blood sugar. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associated metrics of DM in the Rio Grande Valley (RGV), a low-income and medically underserved region in the United States, and compare these metrics to the national averages from 2012 to 2022.

Methods

A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using publicly accessible data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Metrics analyzed included DM prevalence, average principal cost, rates of emergency department visits, hospitalizations, screenings, and prevalence of obesity. Data from the RGV counties were compared to national …

Understanding And Addressing Statistics Anxiety, Hairui Liu

AI Assignment Library

This assignment is a critical first step in understanding the psychological barriers that students may face when learning statistics. It acknowledges the prevalence of statistics anxiety and its potential impact on academic success. The reflection is intended to be a safe space for students to express their concerns, with the ultimate goal of creating a more supportive and effective learning environment. By sharing their experiences, students contribute to the development of strategies that can help them and their peers navigate the challenges of statistics with greater confidence.

Challenges And Barriers Faced By Healthcare Workers In Implementing Strategies To Reduce Teenage Pregnancy In Iligan City, Elise Janella A. Denila, Jydel Anne P. Dalangin, Wynne Nicole P. Englatiera, Dave William E. Almonia, Ian C. Abordo, Donna Belle P. Sumugat Rn, Man, Raymond M. Salvador

Pacific Journal of Health

Aims: To investigate nursing strategies and their perceived barriers in reducing teenage pregnancy among barangays in Iligan City with high incidence of teenage pregnancy.

Study Design: This study uses qualitative, exploratory research design. This design is ideal for delving into complex issues and understanding phenomena in their real-world context.

Place and Duration of the Study: Iligan City Philippines, between September 2023 and May 2024

Methods: This study includes 6 healthcare workers experienced in handling teenage pregnancy and 25 teenagers who have experienced it. Participants were selected using purposive sampling to ensure they had relevant experiences. Data was collected through face-to-face, …

Assessing The Feasibility Of Implementing A Hands-On Diabetes Course Curriculum In Community Settings, April Litchford, Jenna Dyckman, Carrie Durward

Transforming Communities

Diabetes remains a significant health concern in the United States, with millions affected and at risk. Despite the known benefits of diabetes education programs, barriers such as accessibility and engagement persist. To address these challenges, Utah State University Extension developed the Diabetes Cook Along (DCA) program and conducted a study to determine the feasibility of implementing these classes in community settings. The DCA curriculum is based on national standards and emphasizes changes in dietary and lifestyle components critical for diabetes management. Data collection included pre- and post-surveys, along with qualitative feedback. Overall participation in the classes and satisfaction of participants …

A Cross Cultural Comparison Of Adolescent Sexual Socialization In Family Settings In Four Thai Regions: A Cross Sectional Survey, Ampornpan T้Heeranut, Pongdech Sarakarn, Donlagon Jumparway, Arina Abdulloh, Piches Ruangsuksud, Chaiyun Sakulsriprasert, Bhunyabhadh Chaimay, Linda L. Shield, Alison Hutton, Kesinee Saranrittichai

Journal of Health Research

Background: Sexual socialization is different across cultural contexts due to norms and values including adolescents’ growth & development and characteristics. Patterns of sexual socialization across different cultural contexts and adolescents in Thailand are still unknown. This analytical cross-sectional study aimed to explain and compare 5 patterns of adolescent sexual socialization in Thailand (SSFA): trust, strict, exhaust, review, and general patterns.

Methods: The sample included 1,050 parents living in the same house with their adolescent offspring aged 13-19 years. Stratified cluster randomized sampling was performed to access participants. The instrument used for measuring adolescent sexualization in families with adolescents was …

Changes In The Perceptions Of The Neighborhood Environment And Physical Activity Patterns Among Mexican Americans On The Texas-Mexico Border, Natalia I Heredia, Soo Kyung Park, Minjae Lee, Lisa Mitchell-Bennett, Paul Yeh, Rose Gowen, Arturo Rodriguez, Miryoung Lee, Belinda M Reininger

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Little research on the association of neighborhood environment with physical activity in resource-poor communities has been done. This study assessed changes in perceptions of the neighborhood environment and the association between those perceptions and physical activity in Mexican Americans on the Texas-Mexico border in an area where there would be community efforts to enhance pedestrian and cycling infrastructure and programming.

METHODS: We analyzed data from a population-based cohort of Mexican American individuals on the Texas-Mexico border. From 2008 to 2018, interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect perceptions of neighborhood environment and physical activity at baseline, 5- and 10-year follow-ups, …

Effects Of Increased Nitrate Intake From Beetroot Juice On Blood Markers Of Oxidative Stress And Inflammation In Older Adults With Hypertension, Rebeka Fejes, Nina Pilat, Martin Lutnik, Stefan Weisshaar, Anna M. Weijler, Karsten Krüger, Agnes Draxler, Laura Bragagna, Jonathan M. Peake, Richard J. Woodman, Kevin D. Croft, Catherine P. Bondonno, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Karl Heinz Wagner, Michael Wolzt, Oliver Neubauer

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Vascular oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation are important in the pathology of cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension. Cell culture and animal studies suggest that inorganic dietary nitrate may attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation through nitric oxide (NO), and there is a need to investigate whether this translates to humans. Aim: In this randomised, placebo-controlled crossover study, by measuring a combination of multiple blood biomarkers, we evaluated whether previously reported benefits of dietary nitrate translate to a reduced oxidative stress and an improved inflammation status in 15 men and women (age range: 56–71 years) with treated hypertension. Methods: We investigated the …

The Role Of Indonesian Doctors As Content Creators In Fighting Health Hoaxes, Myths, And Stigma On Social Media, Lydia Okva Anjelia, Deddy Mulyana, Jenny Ratna Suminar

JURNAL KOMUNIKASI INDONESIA

Amidst the proliferation of disinformation and misinformation related to health on social media, the public must ensure that the sources of information are trustworthy. This research aims to explain the role of doctors in the fight against health hoaxes, myths, and stigma spread through social media. The study adopts qualitative research with a phenomenological approach to understand doctors' experiences and perceptions regarding their efforts to address health hoaxes, myths, and stigma on social media. Fifteen doctors as content creators in Jakarta and Bandung were selected as informants using purposive sampling. The data was collected through interviews, observation participation, and documentation …

Predicting Poor Mental Health Among Older Syrian Refugees In Lebanon During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Nested Cross-Sectional Study, Berthe Abi Zeid, Leen Farouki, Tanya El Khoury, Abla M. Sibai, Carlos Mendes F. De Leon, Marwan F. Alawieh, Zeinab Ramadan, Sawsan Abdulrahim, Hala Ghattas Ph.D., Stephen J. Mccall

Faculty Publications

Background: Post-term pregnancy, defined as reaching or exceeding 42 + 0 weeks of gestation, is known to be associated with unfavourable birth outcomes. High-income countries have responded to this risk by widely adopting labour induction protocols in late-term, but many low- and middle-income countries have not. However, understanding underlying mechanisms linking post-term births to adverse newborn and infant outcomes remains limited.

Objective:To investigate the (a) prevalence of post-term, (b) the risk factors associated with post-term (c) the association between post-term births and the risk of smallfor-gestational-age (SGA) neonates and of infant mortality in middle-income settings.

Methods:We used existing …

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of A Student-Run Clinic On Reducing Cigarette Smoking In A Homeless Population, Briana Taormina, Bryson Jones, Kiah Gledhill Md, Audrey Darville Phd, Aprn, Cpaha-Tt

ePublications of Emerging Medical Research Scholars

Objective

Cigarette smoking remains a major health crisis in the United States, claiming the lives of hundreds of thousands of tobacco users each year. Access to evidence-based smoking cessation remains a challenge for many people that use tobacco products. Prior research demonstrates that the homeless population is exceedingly vulnerable to cigarette smoking and faces more barriers to quitting than their domiciled counterparts. This study explores the effectiveness of a free Smoking Cessation Clinic (SCC) within a homeless shelter for women and children, run by a nurse practitioner and a clinical nurse specialist trained as Tobacco Treatment Specialists, along with two …

Demographic Correlates Of Weight-Loss Strategies In Us Adults: Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Nhanes Data 2017–2020, Anin Mokari-Yamchi, Richard R. Rosenkranz

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

Objective: To investigate the frequency of various weight loss strategies among adults in the United States and to explore which weight-loss strategies are associated with several demographic factors.

Methods: The study utilized 2017–2020 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Adult participants (N = 3,130) who had tried to lose weight during the past year were included. Pregnant women and individuals under age 20y were excluded. Weight-loss strategies were categorized into 6 groups: consuming more healthy options (e.g., more fruits); consuming less un-healthy options (e.g., junk food); quality of diet changes (e. g., changed eating habits); assisted weight-loss …

Adherence To Mediterranean Diet Principles In Minority College Students, Bridgette Lorraine Barbre

Master's Theses

Every year, millions of young adults attend college. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lists heart disease and diabetes as the top health concerns for minority Americans. African American and Hispanic/Latino communities could see a reduction in illness risk by promoting physical activity and healthy eating habits such as the Mediterranean Diet. Research indicates that young adults may benefit significantly from taking charge of their eating habits at the crucial point in their transition from high school to college. By determining the dietary patterns of minority college students, as related to the Mediterranean diet principles, this study intends …

Considering First Nations Lgbtiq+ Identity In Anti-Racist Healthcare: Relations Between Comfort In Healthcare, Microaggressions And Wellbeing, Bep Uink, Rebecca Bennett, Sian Bennett, Dameyon Bonson, Braden Hill

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

First Nations scholars and practitioners have increasingly called for anti-racist healthcare to address disparate health outcomes between First Nations and non-First Nations Australians. However, these arguments largely miss the significant negative impact that colonial heterosexism and cisgenderism (i.e. discrimination and marginalisation of queer and transgender peoples) have on LGBTIQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, queer/questioning) First Nations peoples’ wellbeing. To address this gap, survey data from 63 First Nations LGBTIQ+ adults in Western Australia were utilised to illustrate the impact of racism, heterosexism and cisgenderism in healthcare settings on First Nations LGBTIQ+ peoples’ wellbeing. This study examined relations between participant …

Exploration Of Positive Deviance In Prevention Of Underweight In The Under-Five: A Qualitative Study On Low-Income Urban Families, Irwan Budiono, Lukman Fauzi, Dewi Sari Rochmayani

Kesmas

Children under the age of five (the under-five) from low-income families are more vulnerable to experience underweight. This nutritional vulnerability is evident in the preliminary study, where 35.1% of the under-five experience underweight, and 28.48% are low-income families. This study aimed to explore Positive Deviance (PD) behaviors in preventing underweight among the under-five. The study applied a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection took place in July-August 2022, focusing on low-income families in the Gunung Brintik area. Data were collected through two focus group discussions, seven in-depth interviews, and five key informant interviews. Coding, subtheme, and theme …

Risk Factors For Cognitive Impairment In Adult Population Of Coastal Area: A Cross-Sectional Study In Maringkik Island, Indonesia, Herpan Syafii Harahap, Arina Windri Rivarti, Nurhidayati Nurhidayati, Fitriannisa Faradina Zubaidi, Dini Suryani, Legis Ocktaviana Saputri, Yanna Indrayana, Athalita Andhera, Muhammad Hilam, Abiyyu Didar Haq

Kesmas

Cognitive impairment is a medical condition commonly found in elderly populations, which can be due to vascular risk factors in patients. There remains limited data on risk factors for cognitive impairment among coastal region populations. This study aimed to investigate risk factors for cognitive impairment in the adult population of Maringkik Island, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Data collected were age, sex, education level, hypertension, antihypertensive treatment, diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, and body mass index status. A total of 114 participants were recruited using a consecutive sampling method. The participants’ cognitive function assessment used the Mini-Cog instrument. The cognitive impairment …

Exploring Informal Caregivers’ Perspectives On Oral Care For Stroke Patients, Haslina Rani, Saidatul Najibah Muhammad Zamzuri, Ezzah Omar, Tuti Ningseh Mohd-Dom, Aznida Firzah Abdul Aziz, Mohd Fairuz Ali

Kesmas

Stroke often results in physical disability and functional impairment, which may severely limit patients' ability to care for personal hygiene, including oral care. This study aimed to identify the challenges faced by informal caregivers in managing the oral health of stroke patients. This study conducted semi-structured individual interviews with eight home-based caregivers of stroke patients recruited from a community-based clinic facility of a public university in Malaysia. The interviews took 30-45 minutes to complete and were transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analyzed thematically using a phenomenological approach. Relevant themes that emerged were variations in oral hygiene care, caregivers’ concerns in providing …

Complete Dose Of Hepatitis B Vaccination Among Children In Indonesia And Factors Associated: A Community-Based Study, Putri Bungsu Machmud, Dwi Gayatri, Erni Astutik

Kesmas

Hepatitis B vaccination is widely recognized as the most effective way to prevent hepatitis B infection, yet the rate of complete vaccination among Indonesian children remains low. This study aimed to evaluate the extent of hepatitis B vaccination coverage among children and identify potential associated factors in Indonesia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. The study involved 7,860 Indonesian mothers of children aged 12-59 months, providing data on their children's hepatitis B vaccination status and other relevant factors from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic Health Survey. Overall, the rate of complete hepatitis B vaccination among children was relatively high (89.8%). Several …

Occupational Therapy Services Within Women’S Shelters For Women With Disabilities Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence (Ipv), Meira Becirovic, Jessica De Brun, Angela Labrie Blackwell

Summer 2024 OTD Capstone Symposium

This capstone project focuses on enhancing the role of occupational therapy (OT) practitioners in supporting women with disabilities who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) and are residing in women’s shelters. These women often face significant barriers to engaging in daily activities crucial for their health, well-being, and overall life satisfaction. The project aims to equip OT practitioners with the tools and strategies necessary to address the complex needs of this population, particularly in areas such as activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), work, education, home management, parenting, and leisure.

By utilizing evidence-based practices and …

Consideration Of Language, Culture-Education, And Advocacy For Latino Families Who Use Therapy Services, Melina Rodriguez, Rachael Fox, Mary Greer

Summer 2024 OTD Capstone Symposium

Latino families of children with ASD face additional barriers within society compared to other families, including surrounding stigma within the culture, language barriers, lack of resources, and lack of education on how to access these resources. One of the focuses of occupational therapy is to provide education and advocacy to individuals and their families who face occupational barriers. This program was created to provide education to Latino families of children diagnosed with ASD through participation in weekly sessions that cover various topics related to ASD.

Barriers To Early Intervention Access In Under-Resourced Communities: Professionals' Perspectives, Georges Ambroise, Jazminne Orozco-Arteaga

Summer 2024 OTD Capstone Symposium

Limited socioeconomic resources pose a barrier to accessing early intervention (EI) services.

The study yielded 33 participants of EI professionals. The study included an online survey and an optional semi-structured interview. Following data collection, Braun and Clarke’s six-step thematic analysis was utilized to identify themes from the surveys and interview transcriptions (Braun and Clarke, 2006).

The main themes that came from the data analysis are (1) there are barriers impacting access to EI experienced by families in under-resourced communities, (2) there are current supports for families in under-resourced communities accessing EI, (3) EI professionals play a role in decreasing barriers, …

Relationship Between Parental Involvement And Infant Bonding Among Families Of Barangay Tambacan, Tubod, And Santiago, Iligan City, Samantha Colegado Templado, Jezneel C. Cale, Ian C. Abordo Phd, Donna Belle P. Sumugat Rn, Man, Ma. Almira P. Nebres Rn, Man, Phd, Angelica N. Sarsaba

Pacific Journal of Health

Background and Aim: This study explored and assesses the extent of parental involvement and its relationship to infant bonding. It aimed to determine how varying levels of engagement from parents influence the development of a strong bond with their infants.

Design: We employed a descriptive correlational design and utilized questionnaires to collect data from 150 families living in Iligan City. Respondents were specifically from squatter areas of Iligan City.

Results: The findings of this study reveal that fathers tend to show indirect care that happens monthly, which relates to the infant’s soothing level. Mothers generally understand their infants' basic mental …

Inhalational Drug Devices: Revisiting The Linchpin Of Asthma Management, Damini Saxena, Neveda Murugesan, Uyioghosa D Evbayiro, Marina K Ngassa, Muhammad Adrish

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Asthma remains a prevalent condition among all age groups globally. First-line treatment requires the delivery of medications into the distal respiratory tract via inhalers. Using appropriate inhaler techniques is a significant challenge in achieving disease control. A variety of inhalers are available for treating asthma, and selecting the appropriate inhaler type for any given patient is crucial to achieving and maintaining symptomatic control. This review will discuss the anatomy and physiology behind drug delivery via inhalers, the types of inhalers currently available for use, nebulizers, and future directions in the delivery of inhaled medications for asthma.

Writing For The Journal: A Guide For Community-Based Organizations, Randy Wykoff, Rachel E. Dixon

Journal of Appalachian Health

The Journal of Appalachian Health welcomes submissions from a variety of stakeholders interested in and contributing to improvement of health across the Appalachian Region. This editorial provides basic guidelines for those working in community settings who may with to make JAH (or any other journal) their publication home.

Addressing The Increased Prevalence Of Gestational Diabetes Among Hispanic/Latino Pregnant Persons In The Central Valley Of California, Kathleen Janise Farrell Wardell

Master's Projects and Capstones

Gestational Diabetes (GDM) is a preventable noncommunicable disease that has been on the rise over the last 60 years. Pregnant persons with gestational diabetes are 10 times higher of acquiring Type 2 Diabetes after pregnancy (Ionannou et al., 2024). There is an urgent need to address this public health threat because of its increase in mortality. To address this complex chronic disease, this literature review explored multi-level interventions using the socioecological model to mitigate GDM in the Central Valley’s, Tulare County. Tulare County is disproportionately affected by chronic diseases like diabetes especially among the Hispanic and Latinx communities. Therefore, it …

Addressing Rural Food Insecurity: A Flexible Approach Using Evidence-Based Practices, Alison Clayshulte

Master's Projects and Capstones

Food insecurity is a major public health problem in the United States that can lead to worse physical and mental health outcomes for millions of Americans. Rural communities struggle with food insecurity at a higher rate, leading to disproportionately higher levels of chronic conditions, obesity, and stress. Food insecurity is a symptom of many factors including underlying social, economic, and institutional obstacles that affect the quantity and quality of available food. Examples of evidence-based programs implemented to address these factors abound, however rural communities have unique challenges that must be considered to ensure programmatic success. This paper explores these challenges …

Exploring The Impact Of Weekly Farmers’ Market In The City Of Carson, Ca In Promoting Equitable Access To Locally Grown Fruits And Vegetables, Daisy Lopez Valdez M.P.H.

Master's Projects and Capstones

Despite their many benefits to the community, farmers’ markets suffer from several important limitations. This paper will provide guidance on practices and interventions that can improve the effectiveness of the local Carson, California farmers’ market, known as the South Bay Pavilion Farmer’s Market, in increasing equitable access to and consumption of locally grown fruits and vegetables with the goal of reducing obesity and diabetes rates among residents.

The needs and assets assessment developed will evaluate the success of the City of Carson South Bay Pavilion Farmers’ Market and provide recommendations based on the findings. The proposed research will follow an …

Five A Day, The Rainbow Way: A Nutrition Education Toolkit For Elementary School Aged Children, Sasha Menard

Department of Nutrition Student Projects

Learning Outcome: Develop a nutrition educational toolkit based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) for obesity prevention among elementary school-aged children by improving determinants of fruit and vegetable intake.

Background: Poor consumption of fruits and vegetables is a major contributing factor to childhood obesity, increasing the risk for chronic diseases later in life. There is a need for multicomponent nutrition educational tools to influence children to improve their eating behavior by increasing their awareness and self-efficacy. The current project describes the development of a 3-component toolkit for improving participants’ knowledge and values related to fruit and vegetable intake among 6-11-year-olds.

Methods: …